河南省结核病分子流行病学调查研究

目的探讨河南省结核分支杆菌的分子流行病学分布特征。方法样本的获得采用全省范围等比例分层整群随机抽样;构建以IS6110 RFLP DNA指纹方法和以DR为基础的Spoligotyp ing DNA指纹方法;采用Gel compare 4.1软件对DNA指纹图谱进行聚类(c luster)分析。结果共获得186株可进行IS6110 RFLP DNA指纹分析的结核分支杆菌;其中59.14%(110/186)用Spoligotyp ing DNA指纹方法鉴定为“北京基因型”菌株。结论北京基因型结核分支杆菌在河南省呈较高水平的流行。     

应用Spoligotyping技术对吉林省结核分枝杆菌基因分型的研究

目的 使用间隔区寡核苷酸分型（Spoligotyping）对吉林省333株结核分枝杆菌临床分离株进行基因分型。方法收集吉林省内结核分枝杆菌临床分离株，应用Spoligotyping方法进行基因分型研究。基因聚类分析采用BioNumerics软件。结果共在吉林省内收集到333株结核分枝杆菌临床分离株，可分为2个基因群，即北京家族（Beijingfamily）或称北京基因型（Bering genotype），非北京家族（non—Beringfamily），分别占89．5％（298／333）和10．5％（35／333），29种基因型。其中22株为独特类型，余311株分为7簇。北京家族菌株中，95．0％（283／298）为典型北京家族，非北京家族菌株表现为高度的基因多态性，可分为19个基因型，16株为独特的基因型。结论吉林省结核分枝杆菌存在明显的基因多态性。     

Population structure and circulating genotypes of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in São Paulo state,Brazil

São Paulo is the most populous Brazilian state and reports the largest number of tuberculosis cases in the country annually (over 18,500). This study included 193 isolates obtained during the 2nd Nationwide Survey on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Drug Resistance that was conducted in São Paulo state and 547 isolates from a laboratory based study of drug resistance that were analyzed by the Mycobacteria Reference Laboratory at the Institute Adolfo Lutz. Both studies were conducted from 2006 to 2008 and sought to determine the genetic diversity and pattern of drug resistance of M. tuberculosis isolates (MTC) circulating in São Paulo. The patterns obtained from the spoligotyping analysis demonstrated that 51/740 (6.9%) of the isolates corresponded to orphan patterns and that 689 (93.1%) of the isolates distributed into 144 shared types, including 119 that matched a preexisting shared type in the SITVIT2 database and 25 that were new isolates. A total of 77/144 patterns corresponded to unique isolates, while the remaining 67 corresponded to clustered patterns (n = 612 isolates clustered into groups of 2–84 isolates each). The evolutionarily ancient PGG1 lineages (Beijing, CAS1-DEL, EAI3-IND, and PINI2) were rarely detected in São Paulo and comprised only 13/740, or 1.76%, of the total isolates; all of the remaining 727/740, or 98.24%, of the MTC isolates from São Paulo state were from the recent PGG2/3 evolutionary isolates belonging to the LAM, T, S, X, and Haarlem lineages, i.e., the Euro-American group. This study provides the first overview of circulating genotypes of M. tuberculosis in São Paulo state and demonstrates that the clustered shared types containing seven or more M. tuberculosis isolates that are spread in São Paulo state included both resistant and susceptible isolates.     

中国部分地区结核分枝杆菌北京基因型菌株分布初步分析

目的初步了解结核分枝杆菌北京基因型菌株在中国不同地区的分布情况。方法采用间隔区寡核苷酸分型(spacer oligonucleotide typing,Spoligotyping)方法对1 603株分离自7个省、市、自治区的结核分枝杆菌进行分型分析,确定北京基因型菌株在不同地区所占的比例。结果根据Spoligotyping分型结果及北京基因型菌株的定义,1 603株结核分枝杆菌中1 158株为北京基因型菌株,占72.24%。北京地区北京基因型菌株所占的比例最高为92.59%,其后依次为西藏(90.38%),吉林(89.88%),陕西(80.00%),新疆(65.36%),广西(55.29%),福建(54.50%)。结论北京基因型菌株为主要的流行菌株,但是不同地区北京基因型菌株所占的比例并不相同,北方地区北京基因型菌株的比例高于南方地区。     

Spoligotyping结合多位点PCR用于牛分枝杆菌卡介苗的快速鉴定

目的鉴别分枝杆菌临床分离菌株中的牛分枝杆菌卡介苗,为临床确诊提供依据。方法采用PNB／TCH鉴别培养基和分子生物学技术（间隔寡核苷酸分型Spoligotyping和多位点PCR）对从一例疑似牛分枝杆菌卡介苗感染的结核病患者分离的菌株（FJ07111）进行鉴定。结果临床分离分枝杆菌菌株FJ07111具有与牛分枝杆菌93006一致的生长特性,Spoli—gotyping和多位点PCR结果与注射用BCG完全一致。结论Spoligotyping和多位点PCR方法可简便、快速、准确鉴定牛分枝杆菌卡介苗。     

甘肃省228株结核分枝杆菌临床分离株Spoligotyping分型研究

目的利用间隔区寡核苷酸分型(Spoligotyping)方法对甘肃省结核分枝杆菌流行株进行分型研究,了解目前甘肃省结核分枝杆菌流行株基因型的基本情况,为甘肃省结核病防控提供分子流行病学依据。方法采用Spoligo-typing对甘肃省228株临床分离结核分枝杆菌进行基因分型,结果使用Bionumerics-5.01软件统计、分析,并与SpolDB4数据库进行比对,得出菌株分型结果。结果228株结核分枝杆菌被分为北京家族(Beijingfamily)和非北京家族(Non-Beijingfamily)2大基因群,其中北京家族基因群占88.6%(202/228)。非北京家族基因群为11.4%(26/228),228株结核分枝杆菌构成23个基因簇,其中独立基因型12个。结论北京家族基因群菌株在甘肃省结核分枝杆菌流行株中占据绝对优势地位,对该基因群菌株引发的结核病应给予密切关注并应加强对北京家族基因型菌株生物学特性研究。     

MIRU-VNTR和Spoligotyping用于重庆地区210株儿童结核分枝杆菌临床分离株的基因分型

目的 评价间隔区寡核苷酸分型(Spoligotyping)和基于结核分枝杆菌散在分布数目可变串联重复序列分析(MIRU-VNTR)方法在重庆地区儿童结核病分子流行病学中的应用.方法 收集重庆地区210株儿童结核分枝杆菌(MTB)临床分离株,应用上述两种分型方法进行比较分析.结果 采用Spoligotyping分型方法,210株菌可分为2个基因群44种基因型,其中最大的1个基因群即北京家族(北京基因型)含有130株菌(61.90%).采用MIRU-VNTR分析发现24个位点的多态性差异较大,不同MIRU位点组合(12、15和24位点)的分辨率指数依次升高,后两个组合的差异是由位点ETR-B引起.各位点和各位点组合在北京家族菌株中的分辨率指数均高于非北京家族菌株.结论 重庆地区儿童MTB具有明显的基因多态性,其主要流行型为北京家族.在结核病原学监测中,可先采用Spoligotyping,再对成簇菌株进行15位点与ETR-B组合二次分型的联合分型策略,可提高分子流行病学调查效果.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the application of spacer oligonucleotide typing (Spoligotyping) and mycobaeterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable-number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) analysis in the molecular-epidemiological study of tuberculosis and to discuss the characteristics of pediatric Mycobacterium (M.) tuberculosis strains in Chongqing. Methods M. tuberculosis strains isolated and typed by Spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR respectively, from the children patients in Chongqing and to compare the results from both methods, epidemiologically. Results By means of Spoligotyping, 210 clinical isolates were divided into 2 gene groups, displaying 44 genotypes. Among them, the biggest group was M. tuberculosis Beijing family, including 130 strains (61.90%) ,using the Spoligotyping. From the results of MIRU-VNTR, 24 loci showed different polymorphism and the HGI of different loci set (12 old loci, 15 basic loci and 24-loci set) increased accordingly. The subtle difference in HGI was originated from one locus ETR-B, which was included in the 24-locus system. The diversity of each loci and MIRU-VNTR set for non-Beijing genotype strains was higher than that of the Beijing genotype strains. Conclusion In this study, it was preliminarily confirmed the existence of high polymorphism of M. tuberculosis while the Beijing Family was the main genotype and main prevalent strain in children of Chongqing area. Spoligotyping prior to 15-locus with ETR-B combination seemed more suitable for the massive epidemiological investigation of pediatric tuberculosis patients.     

Insights into the population structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using spoligotyping and RDRio in a southeastern Brazilian prison unit

Tuberculosis (TB) is still a serious public health problem, continuing to be an important threat for confined populations. We used spoligotyping to estimate the genotypic clades of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from inmates in two blocks in a southeastern Brazilian prison unit, with TB incidence rate of 8185/100.000. The Latin American Mediterranean (LAM) clade is well represented in the country, and the LAM specific molecular markers, RD^Rio large sequence polymorphism and the SNP on the Rv3062 [ligB¹²¹²], were used to characterize spoligotype signatures from prison isolates. Typing of RD^Rio and ligB increase LAM clade from 66.7% (n = 72/108) to 69.4% (n = 75). The LAM2 SIT17 (n = 23) and SIT179 (n = 12) signatures comprised one third of all isolates, followed by Haarlem (11.5%, n = 12), T (8.7%, n = 9) and X (5.7%, n = 6) clades. Strains with unknown signatures represented 5.5% (n = 6), and four (3.7%) did not match any lineage. We observed RD^Rio among 64 (59.2%) isolates, and 54 (50%) were of the LAM clade. In particular, the LAM2/RD^Rio sub-lineage was significantly associated with clustering (p = 0.02) and its frequency was higher (32%) when compared to that of the previous general TB cases in RJ (4.29%). Overall cluster frequency defined by spoligotyping/IS6110-RFLP was 62%. The two evolutionary markers helped to evaluate some LAM signature misconceptions and demonstrate that LAM2/RD^Rio was found with high frequency, hitherto being unnoticed. All these data, allied to high clustering, imply that public health measures to minimize the escalation of TB in prison is essential, and both spoligotyping as well as RD^Rio would be useful tools to monitor the effects of the measures with respect to M. tuberculosis lineage variation.