A 680 V LDMOS on a thin SOI with an improved field oxide structure and dual field plate

A 680 V LDMOS on a thin SOI with an improved field oxide (FOX) and dual field plate was studied experimentally.The FOX structure was formed by an “oxidation-etch-oxidation” process,which took much less...     

Clearance of depot vaccine SPIO-labeled antigen and substrate visualized using MRI

Immunotherapies, including peptide-based vaccines, are a growing area of cancer research, and understanding their mechanism of action is crucial for their continued development and clinical application. Exploring the biodistribution of vaccine components may be key to understanding this action. This work used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to characterize the in vivo biodistribution of the antigen and oil substrate of the vaccine delivery system known as DepoVax^TM. DepoVax uses a novel adjuvanted lipid-in-oil based formulation to solubilise antigens and promote a depot effect. In this study, antigen or oil were tagged with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO), making them visible on MR images. This enables tracking of individual vaccine components to determine changes in biodistribution.Mice were injected with SPIO-labeled antigen or SPIO-labeled oil, and imaged to examine clearance of labeled components from the vaccine site. The SPIO-antigen was steadily cleared, with nearly half cleared within two months post-vaccination. In contrast, the SPIO-oil remained relatively unchanged. The biodistribution of the SPIO-antigen component within the vaccine site was heterogeneous, indicating the presence of active clearance mechanisms, rather than passive diffusion or drainage. Mice injected with SPIO-antigen also showed MRI contrast for several weeks post-vaccination in the draining inguinal lymph node. These results indicate that MRI can visualize the in vivo longitudinal biodistribution of vaccine components. The sustained clearance is consistent with antigen up-take and trafficking by immune cells, leading to accumulation in the draining lymph node, which corresponds to the sustained immune responses and reduced tumor burden observed in vaccinated mice.     

Electrochemical grafting on SOI substrates using aryl diazonium salts

Silicon surface functionalization is a straightforward way to develop hybrid organic/inorganic devices. Using electrochemical grafting of substituted aryl diazonium salts, we obtained organic layers covalently grafted to thin silicon layer surfaces characterized by XPS, ellipsometry and electrochemistry. Electrochemical characteristics of the reduction grafting process were shown to be correlated to several parameters such as the electron affinity of the used molecule, and more importantly to the nature of the silicon: its doping nature and density, its thickness and its preliminary surface treatment. Compared to bulk silicon, we obtained that peak potential values were shifted because of geometrical effects and that the doping density has to be well controlled to anticipate the grafting possibility. By tuning the doping density for p-doped thin silicon layer substrates, we measured a noticeable grafting for the higher doping of 1.6 × 10¹⁹ cm⁻³ and complete electrochemical passivity for the lower doping density of 1 × 10¹⁵ cm⁻³.     

A randomized clinical trial in adults and newborns in South Africa to compare the safety and immunogenicity of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine administration via a disposable-syringe jet injector to conventional technique with needle and syringe

IntroductionIntradermal bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination by needle-free, disposable-syringe jet injectors (DSJI) is an alternative to the Mantoux method using needle and syringe (NS). We compared the safety and immunogenicity of BCG administration via the DSJI and NS techniques in adults and newborn infants at the South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI) research site in South Africa.MethodThirty adults and 66 newborn infants were randomized 1:1 to receive intradermal BCG vaccine (0.1 mL in adults; 0.05 mL in infants) via DSJI or NS. Wheal diameter (mm) and skin fluid deposition at the site of injection (SOI) were measured immediately post-vaccination. Adverse events and SOI reactogenicity data were collected 30 min and 1, 2, 4, and 12 weeks after vaccination for adults and at 30 min and 4, 10, and 14 weeks for infants. Blood was collected in infants at 10 and 14 weeks to assess BCG-specific T-cell immune responses.ResultsMore infant BCG vaccinations by DSJI deposited >5 μL fluid on the skin surface, compared to NS (49% versus 9%, p = 0.001). However, all 12 infant vaccinations that did not produce any SOI wheal occurred in the NS group (36%, p < 0.001). Median wheal diameter, in participants for which an SOI wheal formed, did not differ significantly between groups in infants (combined 3.0 mm IQR 2.0 to 4.0, p = 0.59) or in adults (combined 9.0 mm IQR 7.0 to 10.0, p = 0.13). Adverse events were similar between study arms. Proportion of participants with BCG scars after three months did not differ in adults (combined 97%, p = 0.67) or infants (combined 62%, p = 0.13). Frequencies of BCG-specific clusters of differentiation 4 (CD4) and clusters of differentiation 8 (CD8) T-cells co-expressing IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, and/or IL-17 were not different in the DSJI and NS groups.ConclusionBCG vaccination of newborn infants via DSJI was more likely to deliver an appropriate intradermal wheal at the SOI as compared to NS, despite leaving more fluid on the surface of the skin. Safety, reactogenicity, and antigen-specific T-cell immune responses did not differ between DSJI and NS techniques.     

玻璃体切除硅油填充术后高眼压19例

目的:探讨玻璃体切除硅油填充术后眼压的变化规律及可能与术后高眼压发生相关的因素。方法:前瞻性非对照临床病例观察。35例35眼行玻璃体切除硅油填充手术的患者。观察由同一术者经睫状体平坦部行玻璃体切除硅油填充手术患者,记录病史、检查、手术情况,Goldmann眼压计测量术前2,6,24h;术后2,6,24h;2,3d;1,2wk;1,2,3mo的眼压。结果:术前术眼平均眼压为12.59±6.11mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa),术后眼压比术前眼压高(P=0.000)。术后6h眼压最高,为27.43±10.54mmHg。术后19眼(54%)眼压>25mmHg,本文将眼压>25mmHg定义为高眼压。7眼(20%)眼压>35mmHg;最高眼压52mmHg。19眼高眼压眼中16眼的高眼压发生在术后6h内,5眼(14%)的高眼压持续超过3mo。未发现高眼压与术前眼压、糖尿病、环扎之间的相关关系。结论:玻璃体切除硅油填充术后高眼压发生比例较高,而且眼压升高多发生在手术后6h内,眼压的升高幅度大,需要及时处理;部分患者术后高眼压的持续时间长,需长期观察。     

基于SOA的医院信息系统集成研究

目的：通过分析我国医疗信息系统集成的特点以及面向服务集成方法，建立一个基于SOA（Service—Ori-ented Architecture）医疗信息系统集成的基础结构。方法：以面向服务架构的方式进行医疗信息系统集成结构设计，基于XML技术，通过XML Schema映射的方式建立医疗数据一致共享的虚拟数据库．研究建立医疗信息Web Services集成的方法和原则。结果：使医疗信息系统能够基于WebServices标准进行统一的信息交互．实现全局一致的医疗信息共享模式。结论：基于SOA的医疗信息系统集成结构不仅具有松耦合、定制灵活的特点．而且由于统一的集成模式．使得信息共享的一致性成为可能。