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1.
目的探讨老年高血压患者应用厄贝沙坦联合苯磺酸氨氯地平治疗的临床效果。方法76例老年高血压患者,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各38例。对照组患者采用苯磺酸氨氯地平片治疗,观察组采用厄贝沙坦联合苯磺酸氨氯地平治疗治疗。比较两组临床疗效、不良反应发生率及治疗前后血压[收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)]、血脂[总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)]水平。结果治疗前,两组SBP、DBP水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组SBP(133.16±5.08)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)、DBP(72.35±2.19)mm Hg均低于对照组的(141.95±6.19)、(80.95±3.86)mm Hg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗总有效率为97.37%,高于对照组的81.58%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组TC、TG、LDL-C水平均低于对照组,HDL-C水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应率5.26%与对照组的7.89%比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对老年高血压患者采用厄贝沙坦联合苯磺酸氨氯地平治疗可进一步提升疗效,有效控制血压及血脂水平,其安全性良好。  相似文献   
2.
《Vaccine》2022,40(52):7604-7612
Background and ObjectiveVaccine uptake during pregnancy remains low. Our objectives were to describe 1) development and adaptation of a clinician communication training intervention for maternal immunizations and 2) obstetrics and gynecology (ob-gyn) clinician and staff perspectives on the intervention and fit for the prenatal care context.MethodsDesign of the Motivational Interviewing for Maternal Immunizations (MI4MI) intervention was based on similar communication training interventions for pediatric settings and included presumptive initiation of vaccine recommendations (“You’re due for two vaccines today”) combined with motivational interviewing (MI) for hesitant patients. Interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with ob-gyn clinicians and staff in five Colorado clinics including settings with obstetric physicians, certified nurse midwives (CNMs), and clinician-trainees. Participants were asked about adapting training to the ob-gyn setting and their implementation experiences. Feedback was incorporated through iterative changes to training components.ResultsInterview and focus group discussion results from participants before (n = 3), during (n = 11) and after (n = 25) implementation guided intervention development and adaptation. Three virtual, asynchronous training components were created: a video and two interactive modules. This virtual format was favored due to challenges attending group meetings; however, participants noted opportunities to practice skills through role-play were lacking. Training modules were adapted to include common challenging vaccine conversations and live-action videos. Participants liked interactive training components and use of adult learning strategies. Some participants initially resisted the presumptive approach but later found it useful after applying it in their practices. Overall, participants reported that MI4MI training fit well with the prenatal context and recommended more inclusion of non-clinician staff.ConclusionsMI4MI training was viewed as relevant and useful for ob-gyn clinicians and staff. Suggestions included making training more interactive, and including more complex scenarios and non-clinician staff.  相似文献   
3.
An accumulating body of evidence has associated exposure to greenspace with improved birth outcomes, including higher birth weight and lower risk of low birth weight; however, evidence on such association with in-utero fetal growth is scarce. We explored the influence of maternal exposure to residential greenspace and fetal growth in four INMA (Infancia y Medio Ambiente) Spanish birth cohorts (2003–2008), with 2,465 participants. Residential greenspace was characterised by the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) average across 100 m, 300 m, and 500 m buffers around the residence. Repeated ultrasound measurements of the abdominal circumference (AC), biparietal diameter (BPD), femur length (FL), and estimated fetal weight (EFW) were used. We created customised-generalised least squares models to evaluate associations of residential greenspace exposure on each fetal growth parameter, controlled for the relevant confounders. There were associations between the 500 m buffer and BPD, FL, and AC. We also found associations in the 300 m buffer and FL and AC. The associations in the 100 m buffer were null. Estimates were higher among participants with lower socioeconomic status. Mediation analyses found that air pollution might explain 15–37% of our associations. Mediation by physical activity was not observed. Greenspace exposure may be beneficial for fetal growth.  相似文献   
4.
目的探讨产前、产时新生儿窒息的危险因素,为临床干预提供依据,以降低新生儿窒息发生率。 方法回顾分析2009年1月1日至2016年12月31日在广州医科大学附属第三医院分娩的40 319例活产新生儿,根据是否发生新生儿窒息分为窒息组(1415例)和非窒息组(38 904)例,采用多元Logistic回归分析,筛查对发生窒息有意义的危险因素。 结果新生儿窒息发生率为3.5%,子痫前期、子痫、中央性前置胎盘、胎盘早剥、脐带脱垂、贫血、臀位均为新生儿窒息的独立危险因素(OR值分别为2.190、9.405、2.067、2.384、3.309、1.524、1.679,P均<0.05)。 结论对于有高危因素的孕产妇,应加强围生期保健,及时处理高危妊娠因素,以预防和减少新生儿窒息的发生。  相似文献   
5.
陈松  史键山 《新医学》2022,53(9):643-648
目的 探讨急诊介入栓塞治疗对于急性重度静脉曲张上消化道出血(ASVUGIB)患者的临床价值。方法 收集直接或补救介入治疗的48例ASVUGIB患者数据。按急诊介入原因分为直接介入治疗组(40例)及补救性介入治疗组(8例), 对经DSA明确造影剂外溢的直接出血征象患者行经皮经肝/经脾门静脉造影+曲张静脉栓塞术+ 经颈静脉肝内门体分流术(TIPS);对经DSA未发现明确出血征象的患者行经皮经肝/经脾门静脉造影+曲张静脉栓塞术, 术中视门静脉压力情况行经TIPS术;对于存在门-体异常分流道患者, 行球囊阻断逆行经静脉闭塞术(BRTO)+ TIPS, 治疗后随访6个月, 观察患者的临床预后。结果 直接介入治疗组患者的出血病变血管检出率为78%, 治疗有效率为78%;7 d、30 d、3个月、6个月内再出血率分别为23%、45%、45%、45%;7 d内、30 d内、3个月内、6个月内病死率分别为15%、28%、28%、28%。补救性介入治疗组患者DSA出血病变血管检出率为6/8, 治疗有效率为6/8;7 d、30 d、3个月、6个月内再出血率分别为1/8、4/8、4/8、4/8;7 d内、30 d内、3个月内、6个月内病死率分别为1/8、3/8、3/8、3/8。介入治疗后患者转氨酶、白蛋白、总胆红素和凝血功能指标均比治疗前好转(P均< 0.05), Child-Pugh评分及终末期肝病模型评分均低于治疗前(P均< 0.05)。结论 ASVUGIB是临床常见的危急症, 早发现、早干预、早治疗可改善患者预后, 介入栓塞治疗可作为存在胃镜治疗相对禁忌或胃镜治疗失败的ASVUGIB患者的治疗选择。  相似文献   
6.
7.
AimThis review aims to summarize and discuss some of the most relevant clinical trials in epidemiology, diagnostics, and treatment of hypertension published in 2020 and 2021.Data synthesisThe trials included in this review are related to hypertension onset age and risk for future cardiovascular disease, reliability of different blood pressure monitoring methods, role of exercise-induced hypertension, treatment of hypertension in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, management of hypertension high-risk patient groups, e.g., in the elderly (≥80 years) and patients with atrial fibrillation, and the interplay between nutrition and hypertension, as well as recent insights into renal denervation for treatment of hypertension.ConclusionsHypertension onset age, nighttime blood pressure levels and a riser pattern are relevant for the prognosis of future cardiovascular diseases. The risk of coronary heart disease appears to increase linearly with increasing exercise systolic blood pressure. Renin-angiotensin system blockers are not associated with an increased risk for a severe course of COVID-19. In elderly patients, a risk-benefit assessment of intensified blood pressure control should be individually evaluated. A J-shaped association between cardiovascular disease and achieved blood pressure could also be demonstrated in patients with atrial fibrillation on anticoagulation. Salt restriction and lifestyle modification remain effective options in treating hypertensive patients at low cardiovascular risk. Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists show BP-lowering effects. Renal denervation should be considered as an additional or alternative treatment option in selected patients with uncontrolled hypertension.  相似文献   
8.
Maximising access to and the success of fertility treatments should be a priority for global reproductive health, as should overall patient well-being. The demand for in vitro fertilization (IVF) and other assisted fertility treatments has increased over the past decade and is likely to further increase in years to come. Nevertheless, there is still considerable unmet demand for infertility support worldwide. Moreover, the high emotional, physical and financial burden experienced by individuals undergoing IVF cycles can be a risk for their mental and physical health, which in turn can influence treatment continuation and the likelihood of IVF success. Studies from various parts of the world show that most individuals undergoing IVF also use adjunct alternative medicines and procedures, the most common being traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The complementary and synergistic role of TCM for individuals undergoing IVF is an area that merits further attention and research, both for its potential positive effects on IVF success rates and for its broader physical and mental health benefits. However, much of the existing evidence is not sufficiently robust or consistent for findings to be adopted with confidence. This commentary argues that much work must be done to understand the efficacy and clinical best practices for these integrated approaches. This can be achieved in part by developing more robust and clinically relevant randomized controlled trial protocols, collecting and triangulating evidence through a variety of study designs and methods, and strengthening the collection and pooling of clinic-level data.  相似文献   
9.
10.
目的探究p27蛋白、细胞周期素E(cyclin-E)在子宫内膜异位症(EMT)患者中的表达及与患者临床病理特征、妊娠关系。 方法选取2016年1月至2021年1月江西省九江市妇幼保健院81例EMT合并不孕患者为EMT组,另选择同期60例非EMT患者为对照组。采用免疫组化法检测子宫内膜组织p27蛋白、cyclin-E表达情况,以半定量法评价镜下染色强度、阳性细胞百分比,统计p27蛋白、cyclin-E阳性表达情况。 结果EMT组异位内膜、在位内膜组织p27蛋白阳性率55.56%、58.02%,均显著低于对照组正常内膜组织的81.67%(P<0.05),EMT组异位内膜、在位内膜组织cyclin-E阳性率69.14%、51.85%均显著高于对照组的25.00%(P<0.05)。81例EMT患者中,浸润型异位内膜组织p27蛋白阳性率36.36%较卵巢型的62.71%下降、cyclin-E阳性率90.91%较卵巢型的62.07%升高(P<0.05),Ⅲ~Ⅳ期异位内膜组织p27蛋白阳性率39.02%较Ⅰ~Ⅱ期的72.50%下降、cyclin-E阳性率82.93%较Ⅰ~Ⅱ期的55.00%升高(P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析显示,p27蛋白表达与cyclin-E表达、美国生育协会分类系统(rAFS)评分呈负相关(P<0.05),与子宫内膜容受性Salle评分呈正相关(P<0.05);cyclin-E表达与Salle评分呈负相关(P<0.05),与rAFS评分呈正相关(P<0.05)。81例患者术后24个月累计妊娠共38例(46.91%),其中p27蛋白表达阳性者妊娠率57.78%,较阴性者的33.33%高(P<0.05),而cyclin-E表达阳性者妊娠率37.50%,较阴性者的68.00%低(P<0.05)。调整年龄、体重指数、月经周期、术前痛经数字评分(NRS)评分、Salle评分、美国生育协会分类系统(rAFS)评分等因素后发现,cyclin-E表达阳性是术后24个月妊娠结局的影响因素(P<0.05)。 结论p27蛋白在EMT患者中呈低表达、cyclin-E呈高表达,二者均与患者临床分型、分期及病情严重程度表现出一定相关性,其中cyclin-E高表达可能与患者妊娠结局有关。  相似文献   
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