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目的 调查分析大学生手机成瘾倾向与其体育锻炼的相关性,为采用体育锻炼手段防治大学生手机成瘾提供依据。方法 采用方便抽样法对河南省某高校3122名大学生的体育锻炼情况和手机成瘾倾向进行调查分析。结果 ①河南省某高校大学生的手机成瘾倾向总分平均为39.94±9.90,手机成瘾检出率为17.8%;②“喜欢体育锻炼”组、“体育锻炼6次以上/w”组、“每次锻炼持续时间61min以上”组、“体育锻炼得大汗淋漓”组和“已经有了自己喜欢的运动项目”的学生的手机成瘾倾向总分、各维度得分均最低,手机成瘾的检出率也最低;③大学生的体育锻炼频度、锻炼持续时间、体育锻炼强度以及对体育锻炼的喜欢程度、对“已经有了自己喜欢的运动项目”的认可度与手机成瘾倾向总分及其各维度得分均呈负相关。结论 ①河南省某高校大学生手机成瘾倾向处于中等水平;②体育锻炼可以作为干预大学生手机成瘾的一个手段。  相似文献   
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目的:探讨ICU护士执行身体约束缩减行动的障碍因素,为制定身体约束标准化管理方案提供依据。方法:基于理论域框架(TDF)制定访谈提纲,采用目的抽样法对天津市某三级甲等医院的12名ICU护士进行半结构式访谈,按照TDF的相关领域对转录后的资料进行归类,用内容分析法对访谈资料进行分析。结果:ICU护士对身体约束缩减行动理解存在偏差、对约束替代措施内容的不熟悉是其执行身体约束缩减行动的障碍因素之一;身体约束缩减方案评估工具、决策流程的不规范对缩减约束行动的开展造成了一定阻碍;环境因素的限制及对缩减约束结果的担忧,使ICU护士没有足够的信心去执行;科室缺乏支持缩减约束的组织氛围,难以引起护士对执行约束缩减行动的重视,进而削减执行的动力。结合理论域框架将上述因素分别归属为知识、自我效能、环境背景和资源、社会影响、行为规范5个领域。结论:知识、自我效能、环境背景和资源、社会影响及行为规范为ICU护士执行身体约束缩减行动的障碍因素。科室要在明确障碍因素的基础上,加强领导层对执行缩减约束的重视和支持。制定缩减约束评估决策规范化流程以及培训方案,倡导团队协作,创造支持身体约束缩减行动的组织氛围,坚定ICU护士执行缩减约束的信心,促进身体约束缩减行动的持续实施。  相似文献   
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《Australian critical care》2022,35(4):362-368
BackgroundThere are limited published data on physical activity of survivors of critical illness engaged in rehabilitation in hospital, despite it plausibly influencing outcome.ObjectiveThe aims of this study were to measure physical activity of patients with critical illness engaged in rehabilitation in the intensive care unit (ICU) and on the acute ward and report discharge destination, muscle strength, and functional outcomes.MethodsThis was a single-centre, prospective observational study. Adults with critical illness, who received ≥48 h of invasive mechanical ventilation, and who were awake and able to participate in rehabilitation were eligible. To record physical activity, participants wore BodyMedia SenseWear Armbands (BodyMedia Incorporated, USA), during daylight hours, from enrolment until hospital discharge or day 14 of ward stay (whichever occurred first). The primary outcome was time (minutes) spent performing physical activity at an intensity of greater than 1.5 Metabolic Equivalent Tasks. Secondary outcomes included discharge destination, muscle strength, and physical function.ResultsWe collected 807 days of physical activity data (363 days ICU, 424 days ward) from 59 participants. Mean (standard deviation) duration of daily physical activity increased from the ICU, 17.8 (22.8) minutes, to the ward, 52.8 (51.2) minutes (mean difference [95% confidence interval] = 35 [23.8–46.1] minutes, P < .001). High levels of activity in the ICU were associated with higher levels of activity on the ward (r = .728), n = 48, P < .001.ConclusionsPatients recovering from critical illness spend less than 5% of the day being physically active throughout hospital admission, even when receiving rehabilitation. Physical activity increased after discharge from intensive care, but had no relationship with discharge destination. Only the absence of ICU-acquired weakness on awakening was associated with discharge directly home from the acute hospital. Future studies could target early identification of ICU-acquired weakness and the preservation of muscle strength to improve discharge outcomes.  相似文献   
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Background: The sea cucumber, Bohadschia marmorata, is a marine echinoderm consumed and used as a medication. Extract of this species displays a broad spectrum of bioactivity, such as antifungal, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, and cytotoxic properties. This investigation explored sea cucumber extract for hepatorenal protection against the toxicity of methotrexate (MTX). Methods: Four groups of mice were divided into G1: control, G2: MTX treated, G3: B. marmorata extract-treated daily for 14 days, and G4: B. marmorata extract and MTX treated. Results and Conclusions: Biochemical analysis and histopathological examination of liver tissue showed that administration of MTX increased serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lowered levels of serum albumin, total protein, Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH). Administration of B. marmorata extract to MTX- injected mice significantly reversed the increase in serum levels of liver enzymes and induced a significant elevation in serum albumin and total protein levels. SOD, CAT, and GSH levels returned to nearly normal levels. Histopathological examination indicated fewer signs of toxicity in liver and kidney tissues of mice treated with both extract and MTX compared to MTX treatment alone. An extract of B. marmorata will protect mice from hepatorenal toxicity induced by MTX.  相似文献   
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Backgroundand purpose: Exercise has not typically been used as an adjunct in treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN). This study aimed to examine the effects of progressive resistance exercise (PREx) on perceived quality of life (QoL) and body composition in adolescents with AN.Materials and methodsForty-four adolescents diagnosed with AN were randomly allocated to either PREx or control groups after hospitalization. The PREx group completed twenty-four PREx sessions over two months including three sets of 8–10 repetitions of eight whole-body exercises at a moderate intensity. QoL and body composition were evaluated at baseline and after two months using Health Questionnaire Short-Form 36 (SF-36) and anthropometric measurements.ResultsAt completion, forty-one participants (n = 19 PREx, and n = 22 controls) with mean age of 12.78 ± 0.88 years and mean body mass index of 18 ± 2.2 kg/m2 were analyzed. Significant group x time effects were found on SF-36 role physical (RP) scores. Significant improvements with large effect sizes (d > 0.72) were found in RP, and arm circumferences in the PREx group. Spearman association analyses between percent change in anthropometric variables and change in QoL scores showed positive associations with moderate-to-large effect sizes in the PREx group among the following variables: mid-thigh-circumference, physical functioning (PF) and general health (GH); calf-circumference relaxed and body pain; biceps skinfold and GH scores; triceps-skinfold, and role physical (RP) and vitality (VT); supraspinale-skinfold and RP and VT; mid-thigh-skinfold and calf-skinfold and VT.ConclusionPREx after hospitalization enables modest positive changes in QoL associated to anthropometric changes in adolescents with AN without adverse effects on weight recovery.  相似文献   
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目的 通过网状Meta分析评价11种运动训练对老年肌少症患者身体功能、肌肉力量和肌肉质量改善效果的影响。 方法 检索Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库和维普数据库中关于运动训练对老年肌少症患者身体功能、肌肉力量和肌肉质量改善效果的随机对照试验。检索时限为建库至2022年1月。采用Stata 15.0软件进行网状Meta分析。 结果 纳入34项研究,共2 199例患者。网状Meta分析结果表明,与非运动对照组相比,阻力训练、小组综合训练、八段锦、全身振动训练、家庭综合训练可改善老年肌少症患者的身体功能(P<0.05);阻力训练和壶铃训练可改善老年肌少症患者的握力(P<0.05);阻力训练可改善老年肌少症患者的骨骼肌指数(P<0.05)。 结论 在改善老年肌少症患者身体功能、肌肉力量和质量方面,阻力训练是目前最优的运动干预措施,其次为小组综合训练和全身振动训练,但仍需更多研究进一步论证。  相似文献   
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Background and aimsWe aimed to evaluate the joint effect of physical activity (PA) and blood lipid levels on all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.Methods and resultsWe analyzed 17,236 participants from the Rural Chinese Cohort Study. Cox's proportional-hazards regression models were used to assess the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between the joint effect of PA and blood lipid levels and risk of all-cause and CVD mortality. Restricted cubic splines were used to estimate the doseresponse relationship of PA with risk of all-cause and CVD mortality. During a median follow-up of 6.01 years there were 1106 deaths (484 from CVD) among participants. For all-cause mortality, compared with the group with dyslipidemia and extremely light PA (ELPA), the HRs with dyslipidemia and light PA (LPA), moderate PA (MPA), and heavy PA (HPA) were 0.56 (95% CI 0.45–0.70), 0.59 (0.46–0.75), and 0.59 (0.45–0.78), respectively, while the HRs of groups with normal lipid levels and ELPA, LPA, MPA, and HPA were 0.88 (0.72–1.04), 0.59 (0.48–0.73), 0.53 (0.41–0.67), and 0.38 (0.29–0.50), respectively. We observed similar effects on CVD mortality. Restricted cubic splines showed a curvilinear relationship between PA and risk of all-cause and CVD mortality with normal lipid levels and with dyslipidemia.ConclusionHigher PA reduces the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality. Higher levels of PA are needed in the population.  相似文献   
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