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目的探讨督导教学联合同伴互助学习(PAL)教学法在超声医学专业技能培训教学中的应用价值。 方法选取2020年6月至2022年6月浙江大学医学院附属第二医院超声医学科2018级、2019级住院医师共34人。采用督导教学联合PAL教学法,对2018级、2019级住院医师进行各系统操作切面带教培训与讲解、互助组学习以及带教老师督导教学。每周进行一次系统切面考核(过程考核),按专业技能考试评分表,80分为合格。培训结束后进行结业技能考试(结业考试)。统计结业技能考试通过率,以及采用Likert 5级评分法调查住院医师对该课程的满意程度,以评估该教学方法的有效性。 结果应用督导教学联合PAL教学法后,超声医学科2018级、2019级住院医师每周进行的专业技能操作考核(过程考核)成绩均合格(≥80分),考试平均分分别为(88.29±2.78)、(87.49±4.51)分;住院医师结业技能考试(结业考试)通过率为100%。收回满意度调查问卷34份,结果表明,住院医师均对该教学方法和内容安排满意或非常满意,均认为督导教学联合PAL教学法有助于掌握专业操作技能,提高学习效率,促进与老师的交流。 结论督导教学联合同伴PAL教学法在住院医师规范化培训超声专业技能培训中应用效果较好,可为超声专业技能培训教学提供新的思路。  相似文献   
3.
ObjectiveTo explore the effect of peer support on exercise self-efficacy, physical activity level, and neuropathic symptoms in patients with diabetes-related peripheral neuropathy (DPN).MethodsA total of 60 adults with DPN were assigned to groups. Patients in the control group received routine education (RE), while patients in the intervention group received peer support (PS) combined with routine diabetes education. Data were collected at baseline and after intervention (12 weeks).ResultsAt 12 weeks, better outcomes were found in the PS group compared to the RE group for the following aspects: exercise self-efficacy, steps, total physical activity, fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose. Decreases in scores on Toronto Clinical Scoring System occurred between baseline and post-intervention in both groups.ConclusionPeer support is an effective way to improve exercise self-efficacy, number of steps, and general physical activity and to reduce blood glucose for patients with DPN. But the effects of peer support on neuropathic symptoms is are obvious. Further research is needed.Practice implicationsAs a low-cost, effective education approach, peer support strategies should be integrated into our healthcare system to meet the minimum needs of patients with DPN.  相似文献   
4.
Physical therapists are trained and obligated to deliver optimal health care and put patients first above all else. In the changing health-care environment, health-care organizations are grappling with controlling cost and increasing revenues. Moral distress may be created when physical therapists’ desire to provide optimal care conflicts with their organization’s goals to remain financially viable or profitable. Moral distress has been associated with low perception of ethical environment, professional burnout, and high turnover in organizations. This study identified groups who may be vulnerable to low perception of organizational ethical environment and identified self-reported strategies to remedy these perceptions. An ethics environment questionnaire was mailed to a random sample of 1200 physical therapists in Georgia. Respondents (n = 340) were analyzed by age, workplace setting, and position in organization. Therapists working in skilled nursing/assisted living environments scored the lowest on the questionnaire and voiced concerns regarding their ethical work environments. Owners and executives perceived their organizations to be more ethical than front-line clinicians. Respondent concerns included high productivity standards, aggressive coding/billing policies, decreased reimbursement, and increased insurance regulation. Possible solutions included more frequent communication between management and clinicians about ethics, greater professional autonomy, and increased training in business ethics and finance.  相似文献   
5.
目的 探讨大学前不同阶段同伴欺凌经历对大学生生活质量的影响。方法 2018年10月采用分层整群抽样方法选取安徽省合肥市4所高校4 034名在校大学生作为研究对象,调查研究对象大学前不同阶段同伴欺凌经历和当前的生活质量。采用t检验和方差分析比较不同组各维度得分差异,采用多元线性回归模型分别分析大学前不同阶段欺凌经历、不同欺凌种数与大学生生活质量的关系。结果 4 034名大学生生活质量4个维度(生理、心理、社会关系和环境)得分分别为12.61±2.02、14.09±2.62、13.72±2.71和13.77±2.46。多元线性回归分析(控制相关混杂因素)结果显示,大学生在小学(β=-0.21)、中学(β=-0.27)和两阶段(β=-0.56)被言语欺凌、中学阶段被关系欺凌(β=-0.21)、中学阶段被躯体欺凌(β=-0.38)和两阶段躯体欺凌(β=-0.67)均与大学生生活质量生理维度得分呈负相关;大学生在两阶段被言语欺凌(β=-0.41)和中学阶段被关系欺凌(β=-0.42)与大学生生活质量心理维度得分呈负相关;大学生在中学阶段被关系欺凌(β=-0.32)、中学(β=-0.51)和两阶段被躯体欺凌(β=-0.57)均与大学生生活质量社会关系维度得分呈负相关;大学生在小学和两阶段被言语欺凌(β=-0.20、-0.46)和关系欺凌(β=-0.35、-0.90)均与大学生生活质量环境维度得分呈负相关,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。欺凌受害指数与大学生生活质量生理、心理、社会关系和环境4个维度得分呈负相关(β=-0.33、-0.36、-0.30、-0.33);实施欺凌指数与大学生生活质量4个维度得分也呈负相关(β=-0.28、-0.31、-0.23、-0.28),相关性差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论 大学前不同阶段欺凌经历均与大学生生活质量各维度得分降低有关联,应加强大学前不同阶段同伴欺凌的预防控制。  相似文献   
6.
《L'Encéphale》2022,48(6):674-681
ObjectiveThe effectiveness of programs integrating trained and paid peer helpers on symptoms, quality of life and recovery of persons with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia is still poorly understood. The factors influencing the integration of peer helpers into healthcare teams are also poorly understood.MethodA systematic review of the literature was performed. We systematically searched multiple electronic databases for articles: (i) exploring the effectiveness of the intervention of trained and paid peer helpers in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia (ii) reporting barriers and facilitators to the integration of peer helpers.ResultsForty-eight articles were included, 24 on the effectiveness of the intervention of peer helpers, 18 on barriers and 13 on facilitators to the integration of peer helpers in health teams. Of them, 25 were based upon qualitative methods (7 concerning the effectiveness of the intervention of peer helpers, 14 the barriers and 7 the facilitators to their integration); 23 were based upon quantitative methods (9 studies focused on the effectiveness of peer helper intervention, 2 on barriers and 6 on integration facilitators). The 23 quantitative studies included 8 randomized controlled trials.ConclusionIn spite of their heterogeneity, the results suggest that that interventions of peer helpers have a positive impact on the recovery, quality of life, social functioning, physical health and clinical outcome of persons with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia. The results also showed that the integration of peer helpers is favored by caregivers’ awareness about the role of peer helpers and knowledge about the recovery model. The results highlight the need for peer helpers to have a well-defined role and to be supervised, preferably by another peer helper.  相似文献   
7.
摘要:目的:将临床常用的头孢菌素类抗菌药物说明书进行对比分析,为药品说明书的完善和合理使用提供参考。方法:收集整理临床常用的14种头孢菌素类原研药和仿制药共计28份药品说明书,依据相关法律法规和参考资料为评价标准对其进行对比分析。结果:28份药品说明书中,主要在注意事项、药物相互作用、特殊人群用药、贮藏条件、修订日期等方面存在差异。此外,亦存在适应证范围不一、同一说明书对应多种规格、用法用量存在差异、不良反应存在差异、药物过量描述不一、药代动力学描述不一等问题。结论:头孢菌素类抗菌药物,尤其是仿制药药品说明书的内容完整度有待提高,说明书修订有待加强,建议不断完善头孢菌素类抗菌药物药品说明书,以保证患者用药安全。  相似文献   
8.
目的分析同伴支持教育联合思维导图护理对乳腺癌根治术患者病耻感及癌因性疲乏的影响。方法选取2017年5月至2019年5月在本院行手术治疗的乳腺癌患者96例为研究对象,随机将其等分为对照组和观察组,对照组给予常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上给予同伴支持教育联合思维导图护理,比较干预前后两组患者病耻感与癌因性疲乏评分改变情况。结果干预后两组患者癌因性疲乏和病耻感评分低于治疗前且观察组评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论同伴支持教育联合思维导图护理可有效改善乳腺癌根治术患者病耻感及癌因性疲乏评分,提高患者心理健康水平,值得推广应用。  相似文献   
9.
《Fu? & Sprunggelenk》2020,18(3):234-238
IntroductionComplex foot and ankle trauma surgery is a super-specialization of orthopedic trauma surgery. This topic is gaining in interest, both clinically and in research. The peer review process is the cornerstone of the current scientific model of evaluation of research papers. The burden of peer review activity in foot and ankle trauma surgery is currently unknown.Material and methodA comprehensive Microsoft Outlook® analysis of over seven years’ worth of review invites from one surgical Foot & Ankle specialist working at a Level-1 trauma center was evaluated. The topic of each paper was recorded. Whether or not the journal was specifically foot ankle, orthopedic, general medicine or predatory of origin was noted. In addition, it was recorded if the journal was indexed in Pubmed, Medline, or Scopus. The topic of the paper was scored as being foot and ankle related, and more specifically foot and ankle trauma related. Review of revisions were scored as invites as well.ResultsFrom January 2013 to December 2019 a total of 467 review invites were received. The number of peer review invitations rose from 14 in 2013 to 127 in 2019. The percentage of foot and ankle specific journals was 27.4%. The number of requests from non-indexed (predatory) journals rose from 3.7% in 2014 to 36.2% in 2019, with a decrease in article topics related to the authors subspecialty. The annual absolute number of performed reviews stayed approximately the same throughout the study period (34 on average in the last 5 years).ConclusionThe number of review requests in foot and ankle surgery has increased about 5-fold over the 5 year period evaluated. There is a need for more reviewers to spread the burden. Therefore, foot and ankle specialists who are prepared to publish, should also be prepared to provide peer reviews to maintain a high level of quality in foot and ankle research.  相似文献   
10.
目的 探索自尊、同伴关系、自我认知和大学生手机成瘾之间的关系及其内在作用机制。方法 使用自尊量表、同伴关系量表、自我量表及手机成瘾倾向量表对694名大学生进行施测。结果 自尊与同伴关系存在正相关(r = 0.673, P<0.001),自尊与手机成瘾存在负相关(r = - 0.523, P<0.001),同伴关系与手机成瘾存在负相关(r = - 0.659, P<0.001)。同伴关系是自尊与手机成瘾的中介变量,中介效应率为72.28%,自我认知在同伴关系对手机成瘾的调节效应具有统计学意义(低自我认知β = - 0.411, P<0.001;高自我认知β = - 0.529,P<0.001)。结论 自尊既可以直接预测大学生手机成瘾,也可以通过同伴关系间接预测大学生手机成瘾;同伴关系与大学生手机成瘾的关系受到自我认知的调节,即同伴关系对手机成瘾的预测作用在自我认知水平较高的被试中更大。  相似文献   
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