保妇康凝胶联合诺氟沙星治疗宫颈糜烂50例疗效观察

目的：探讨保妇康凝胶联合诺氟沙星治疗宫颈糜烂的临床效果。方法将100例宫颈糜烂患者根据随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各50例。观察组给予保妇康凝胶和诺氟沙星联合治疗，对照组单独给予治糜灵栓治疗，比较两组患者临床症状的变化，并对临床疗效进行评价。结果观察组治愈率为86.00%，明显高于对照组的74.00%，临床症状评分改善较对照组明显，且其临床症状消失的时间短于对照组，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论保妇康凝胶与诺氟沙星合用比治糜灵栓治疗宫颈糜烂效果更佳，且治愈时间上明显较优，值得临床上推广应用。     

雷公藤双层栓的研制

介绍了雷公藤双层栓的制备和质量检查。雷公藤双层栓的上层为空白层,下层为含药层。空白层可有效地阻止后端所释药物向上扩散,从而避免相当部分药物经门肝系统吸收,因此可明显提高其生物利用度。     

卡前列甲酯栓阴道给药、舌下含服预防产后出血

目的观察卡前列甲酯栓（卡孕栓）对产后出血发生的影响及其副作用。方法将正常足月妊娠阴道分娩者８０例随机分成３组，其中２组为卡孕栓实验组，以不同给药途径分为阴道用药组（２５例）与舌下含服组（２５例），对照组（３０例）则常规静脉推注麦角新碱。结果３组产妇的第３产程平均时间分别是７．６４、５．５２和６．４４ｍｉｎ，无明显统计学差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；产后２ｈ内的平均出血量，对照组（２６０．８３ｍｌ）与卡孕栓阴道给药组（１９０．２８ｍｌ）及舌下含服组（１９９．８０ｍｌ）相比均有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．００１）；两卡孕栓组间则未见差异。两实验组产妇均未发生明显副反应。结论卡孕栓预防产后出血的效果优于麦角新碱，其阴道用药及舌下含服都是有效给药途径。     

Practical guidelines for physicians in the management of febrile seizures

Recent studies have shown that adequate medication can prevent the recurrence of febrile seizures (FS). It has also been clarified that the vast majority of, though not all, FS patients follow a benign course. Then, questions arise as to whether or not FS should be prevented, particularly in light of the risks of side effects from drugs. Which kinds of FS can be prevented, if necessary? The guidelines presented here are aimed primarily at helping general practitioners in considering how to manage FS most appropriately. The guidelines stress that judgements should be individualized, while referring to a few specific ‘warning factors’. The guidelines follow a ‘laissez-faire’ principle for the majority of FS cases, whereas intermittent therapy with diazepam and continuous medication with either phenobarbital or valproate are indicated in other limited cases meeting respective definite criteria.     

Single-dose pharmacokinetics of paracetamol and its conjugates in Chinese non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients with renal impairment

Objective: A single oral dose of paracetamol (20 mg · kg⁻¹) was given to 38 Chinese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) who had either normal renal function or varying degrees of renal impairment, with creatinine clearances ranging from 4 to 123 ml · min⁻¹ · 1.73 m⁻². The plasma and urinary concentrations of paracetamol and its major metabolites were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: The absorption and elimination of paracetamol were unaffected by renal impairment. However, the area under the plasma concentration time curve and the elimination half-life of paracetamol metabolites increased significantly with worsening renal insufficiency. Mean renal clearances of paracetamol and its conjugates were significantly reduced in these subjects. There was no evidence of altered metabolic activation with renal impairment. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that paracetamol disposition is minimally affected by diabetic nephropathy; however, extensive accumulation of conjugates may occur. Received: 2 September 1996 / Accepted in revised form: 11 December 1996     

氮酮对扑热息痛渗透裸鼠皮肤的促透作用

以裸鼠皮肤为隔膜的上下扩散的２个简单扩散小室研究氮酮对扑息痛透皮渗透促进作用。     

雌激素联合保妇康栓治疗绝经后宫颈人乳头瘤病毒感染的临床疗效分析

目的 研究雌激素联合保妇康栓治疗绝经后宫颈人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染的临床疗效。方法 选取2019年2月—2022年7月无锡市第九人民医院收治的89例绝经后宫颈HPV感染患者,按治疗方法不同分为研究组(46例)和对照组(43例)。对照组接受雌激素治疗,研究组在对照组基础上接受保妇康栓治疗。两组均持续治疗3个月。对比两组异常分泌物持续时间、HPV转阴时间、临床疗效、炎症因子、免疫功能、液基薄层细胞学检查(LCT)评分与宫颈炎症评分及不良反应。结果 研究组异常分泌物持续时间、HPV转阴时间均短于对照组(P <0.05)。研究组总有效率高于对照组(P <0.05)。研究组治疗前后白细胞介素-4、γ干扰素、白细胞介素-2、肿瘤坏死因子-α的差值均高于对照组(P <0.05)。研究组治疗前后CD3⁺、CD19⁺、CD3⁺CD8⁺、CD3-CD56⁺的差值均高于对照组(P <0.05)。研究组治疗前后LCT评分、宫颈炎症评分的差值均高于对照组(P <0.05)...     

Acute effects of vitamin B6 and fixed combinations of vitamin B1, B6, B12 on nociceptive activity evoked in the rat thalamus: Dose-response relationship and combinations with morphine and paracetamol

Summary Nociceptive activity was elicited in neurones of the thalamus by supramaximal electrical stimulation of afferent C fibres in the sural nerve of rats under urethane anesthesia. The fixed combination of vitamin B₁, B₆, B₁₂ (Neurobion^®) as well as of vitamin B₆ administered by i.p. injection dose-dependently reduced the evoked nociceptive activity. The ED₅₀ of Neurobion^® is 4.6 ml/kg (at 100 min after injection) and that of vitamin B₆ is 189mg/kg (at 90 min after injection). The minimum effective doses of Neurobion^® and vitamin B₆ are 0.5 ml/kg and 40 mg/kg, respectively. When Neurobion^® or vitamin B₆ were given at their minimum effective doses, and the minimum effective doses of morphine (0.025 mg/kg) or paracetamol (5 mg/kg) were injected i.v. 80 min later, i.e., when the maximum effect of higher doses of Neurobion^® or vitamin B₆was about to develop, no supraadditive effect developed. It is concluded that the antinociceptive effect caused by a single injection of Neurobion^® is largely due to vitamin B₆. Vitamin B₁₂ may contribute to this effect, whereas vitamin B₁ alone exhibited only a slight effect on nociception. Moreover, it appears that Neurobion^® produces its antinociceptive effect after a single injection and after repeated administration during several days by different mechanisms so that the effect of analgesic agents is not enhanced following a single injection of Neurobion^® but may be enhanced after repeated administration of the compound.