Combining CAPRA-S With Tumor IDC/C Features Improves the Prognostication of Biochemical Recurrence in Prostate Cancer Patients

Background: Intraductal carcinoma and cribriform (IDC/C) tumor features are well-established prognosticators of biochemical recurrence (BCR), metastasis, and prostate cancer (PCa)-specific mortality. However, approximately 70% of PCa patients undergoing a radical prostatectomy are IDC/C negative, yet up-to 20% of these patients progress and experience BCR. Thus, tumor histopathologic characteristics such as IDC/C alone are limited in their ability to predict disease progression. Conversely, several nomograms such as Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment-Surgery (CAPRA-S) have been developed to aid in the prognostication of BCR, but not yet widely applied in clinical settings. Materials and methods: In this study, we assessed the combined prognostic utility of IDC/C, and CAPRA-S for BCR in 3 PCa patient cohorts. Results: CAPRA-S+IDC/C improved the predictive accuracy of BCR in all 3 cohorts (P < .001). Specifically, among IDC/C negative cases, CAPRA-S improved the prognostication of BCR in low-risk (Cohort 1; P < .001, Cohort 2; P < .001, Cohort 3; P = .003), intermediate (Cohort 1; P < .001, Cohort 2; P = .006, Cohort 3; P = .03) and high-risk (Cohort 1-3; P < .001) patients. Conversely, IDC/C improved the prognostication of BCR among CAPRA-S low-risk (Cohorts 1; P < .001 and Cohort 3; P = .003) patients. Conclusion: Our results suggest the investigation of histopathological IDC/C features in CAPRA-S low-risk patients and conversely, nomogram CAPRA-S among IDC/C negative patients improves the identification of patients likely to experience BCR, which would otherwise be missed through current assessment regimens. These patients can be offered more intensive monitoring and adjuvant therapies upfront to circumvent the development of recurrent cancer or overtreatment at the time of surgery.     

Predictability and Inducibility of Detachment of Prostatic Central Gland Tissue after Prostatic Artery Embolization: Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Purpose

To assess the frequency and potential predictors of prostatic central gland tissue detachment (CGD), an enucleation-like reaction that sporadically occurred in a randomized controlled trial assessing efficacy and safety of prostatic artery embolization (PAE).

血清学检测联合前列腺超声造影对老年患者前列腺癌的诊断价值分析

目的分析血清前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)检查联合超声造影诊断老年前列腺癌的价值。方法选取2016年4月至2018年12月湖北钟祥市中医院诊治的50例前列腺癌患者作为研究对象。将这50例患者设为前列腺癌组,另将50例非前列腺癌患者设为非前列腺癌组。所有患者均行超声造影检查和血清PSA检查。对比前列腺癌组与非前列腺癌组年龄、前列腺体积、超声造影参数(强度减半时间、绝对增强强度、峰值强度、基础强度、加速时间、达峰时间、显影时间);对比两组血清游离PSA(f-PSA)、血清总PSA(T-PSA)、游离前列腺特异抗原/前列腺特异抗原比值(f/T-PSA)、PSA密度(PSAD);分析不同病理类型患者血清PSA水平分布情况;经ROC曲线评估血清PSA、超声造影在该病中的诊断价值。结果①与非前列腺癌组相比,前列腺癌组强度减半时间、加速时间、达峰时间、显影时间均更短,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②前列腺癌组患者T-PSA、PSAD组水平均较非前列腺癌组高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。③结节型和隐匿性血清PSA<4ng/mL率最高,弥散浸润伴结节型>100ng/mL最高,不同病理分型的前列腺癌患者血清PSA水平分布差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。④超声造影参数中仅达峰值时间、显影时间的ROC曲线下面积超过0.5。血清PSAD、T-PSA联合达峰值时间、显影时间诊断该病的ROC曲线下面积为0.924。结论血清PSAD、T-PSA联合超声造影能提高老年前列腺癌诊断价值,其中血清PSA能辅助疾病类型鉴别。     

Evaluating the influence of prostate-specific antigen kinetics on metastasis in men with PSA recurrence after partial gland therapy

Purpose

Although current Delphi Consensus guidelines do not recommend a specific definition of biochemical recurrence after partial gland therapy, these guidelines acknowledge that serial prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests remain the best marker for monitoring disease after treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine whether PSA velocity at failure per the Phoenix (nadir + 2 ng/mL) definition is associated with metastasis and prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) in a cohort of patients who experienced PSA failure after partial gland therapy.

Impact of Addition of Metformin to Abiraterone in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients With Disease Progressing While Receiving Abiraterone Treatment (MetAb-Pro): Phase 2 Pilot Study

Background

There is evidence linking metformin to improved prostate cancer–related outcomes.

Early PSA level decline is an independent predictor of biochemical and clinical control for salvage postprostatectomy radiotherapy

BackgroundTo improve the early detection of responders to salvage external beam radiotherapy (RT) after radical prostatectomy (RP).MethodsBetween 2002 and 2007, in a single institution, 136 consecutive patients received salvage RT to a dose of 66 Gy without androgen-deprivation therapy after RP for a rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level. PSA measurements were systematically performed before RT (PSA_RT), at the fifth week of RT (PSA5), and in the follow-up at least twice a year (every 6 mo). The PSA level decline during RT was expressed as PSA ratio (PSA5/PSA_RT). Two different definitions of biochemical failure after salvage RT were considered: PSA level>0.4 ng/ml and PSA>PSA nadir post-RT +0.4 ng/ml. Statistical analyses included univariate and multivariate Cox regression models.ResultsThe median follow-up was 60 months. The 5-year freedom from biochemical and clinical failure rates were 57% (95% CI: 48%–66%) and 92% (95% CI: 87%–97%), respectively. The mean PSA5 was 0.61 ng/ml (range: 0–7) and the mean PSA ratio was 0.67 (0–1.7). A PSA ratio<1 was a significant prognostic factor in multivariate analysis for both definitions of biochemical failure (P = 0.01 for both) and for clinical failure (P = 0.005).ConclusionsFor patients undergoing salvage RT after RP for a rising PSA level, the absence of PSA level decline during RT is predictive of biochemical and clinical failure and may be used to rapidly identify poor responders.     

Changes in white matter microstructure related to non-linguistic cognitive impairment in post-stroke aphasia

ABSTRACT

Objects

Post-stroke aphasia (PSA) often have non-linguistic cognitive impairment. We aimed to ascertain its characteristics of non-linguistic cognitive impairment and the corresponding changes in white matter microstructures.