Performance of risk prediction models for post-operative mortality in patients undergoing liver resection

BackgroundLiver resection is commonly performed for hepatic tumors, however preoperative risk stratification remains challenging. We evaluated the performance of contemporary prediction models for short-term mortality after liver resection in patients with and without cirrhosis.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study examined National Surgical Quality Improvement Program data. We included patients who underwent liver resections from 2014 to 2019. VOCAL-Penn, MELD, MELD-Na, ALBI, and Mayo risk scores were evaluated in terms of model discrimination and calibration for 30-day post-operative mortality.ResultsA total 15,198 patients underwent liver resection, of whom 249 (1.6%) experienced 30-day post-operative mortality. The VOCAL-Penn score had the highest discrimination (area under the ROC curve [AUC] 0.74) compared to all other models. The VOCAL-Penn score similarly outperformed other models in patients with (AUC 0.70) and without (AUC 0.74) cirrhosis.ConclusionThe VOCAL-Penn score demonstrated superior predictive performance for 30-day post-operative mortality after liver resection as compared to existing clinical standards.     

Deepm5C: A deep-learning-based hybrid framework for identifying human RNA N5-methylcytosine sites using a stacking strategy

1. Download : Download high-res image (173KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

     

SARIMA模型在苏州市肺结核发病预测中的应用

目的 建立苏州市肺结核发病的SARIMA模型并预测发病,为苏州市肺结核防控提供参考。方法 收集结核病信息管理系统（新）中苏州市2010年1月—2018年12月肺结核月发病数,通过时间序列分析建立SARIMA模型并预测苏州市2019年肺结核的发病情况。结果 苏州市肺结核发病数具有明显的季节周期性,每年的发病最高峰为5月,发病最低谷为2月。苏州市肺结核发病数的最佳拟合模型为SARIMA (0,1,1)×(0,1,1)₁₂,AIC=9.590,SBC=9.644,模型参数均具有统计学意义,模型残差为白噪声序列,模型的预测值与实际值平均绝对百分比误差MAPE=7.943%,模型预测精度较高。预测苏州市2019年肺结核发病数为3 467例,月发病数平均值为289例,发病水平较2018年略有下降。结论 SARIMA(0,1,1)×(0,1,1)₁₂模型能较好拟合出苏州市肺结核发病数的时间变化趋势,可应用于苏州市肺结核月发病数的短期预测。     

Male Sexual Function After Pediatric Kidney Transplantation—A Cross-sectional Nationwide Study

BackgroundData on adult sexual functioning after kidney transplantation (KTx) during childhood or adolescence are scarce.AimTo assess the long-term sexual and psychosocial quality of life after pediatric KTx.Methods29 young men (median age 27.1 years) were examined 18.7 years (median) after KTx. 56 age-matched healthy men (median age 30.0 years) served as controls.OutcomeWe studied the influence of sociodemographics, previous renal replacement therapy, current reproductive hormonal serum levels, testicular size, and data on several validated mental and physical questionnaires on participants' Derogatis Interview for Sexual Functioning self-report scores.ResultsThe KTx recipients had significantly poorer sexual functioning than their healthy peers. KTx men had less frequent sexual activity with a partner (P = .03) and poorer orgasms (P = .002) than the controls but no erectile dysfunction (P = .5).Clinical implicationsDepressive symptoms, relationship status, and longer dialysis duration predicted poor adult sexual functioning in KTx recipients, whereas age at transplantation or at the time of the study did not.Strengths & LimitationsThis study contributes extended follow-up data to the very scarce literature on adult sexual functioning in pediatric KTx recipients. Relatively small population and low participation rate limit the comprehensive data interpretation in a population-based cohort of male KTx recipients.ConclusionSexual functioning is often impaired in young men after pediatric KTx, emphasizing the need for long-term monitoring of sexual health and sexuality as important dimensions of quality of life.Tainio J, Jahnukainen T, Jalanko H, et al. Male Sexual Function After Pediatric Kidney Transplantation—A Cross-sectional Nationwide Study. J Sex Med 2020;17:2104–2107.     

Chemical applicability domain of the Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA) for skin sensitisation potency. Part 2. The biological variability of the murine Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA) for skin sensitisation

The Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA) is the most common in vivo regulatory toxicology test for skin sensitisation, quantifying potency as the EC3, the concentration of chemical giving a threefold increase in thymidine uptake in the local lymph node. Existing LLNA data can, along with clinical data, provide useful comparator information on the potency of sensitisers. Understanding of the biological variability of data from LLNA studies is important for those developing non-animal based risk assessment approaches for skin allergy. Here an existing set of 94 EC3 values for 12 chemicals, all tested at least three times in the same vehicle have been analysed by calculating standard deviations (SD) for logEC3 values. The SDs range from 0.08 to 0.22. The overall SD for the 94 logEC3 values is 0.147. Thus the 95% confidence limits (2xSD) for LLNA EC3 values are within a factor of 2, comparable to those for physico-chemical measurements such as partition coefficients and solubility. The residual SDs of Quantitative Mechanistic Models (QMMs) based on physical organic chemistry parameters are similar to the overall SD of the LLNA, indicating that QMMs of this type are unlikely to be bettered for predictive accuracy.     

Gynecologic Malignancy-Associated Venous Thromboembolism and Predictive Tool at Thammasat University Hospital

Objectives: Aims were to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in gynecologic malignancy cases. Value of screening tool (Caprini) for prediction of VTE was also assessed. Study design: A retrospective study of gynecologic malignancy subjects who underwent major gynecological operation via exploratory laparotomy at Thammasat University Hospital, Pathum Thani, Thailand from January 2015 to December 2020. Participants were categorized into VTE and non-VTE groups. Caprini score, associated laboratory and clinical factors of both groups were evaluated. Results: A total of 392 subjects were recruited into the study. Prevalence of VTE was 7.4 (29/392) percent. VTE was diagnosed in subjects with endometrial, ovarian and cervical cancer at percentage of 7.8 (15/192), 7.9 (11/138) and 5.7 (3/53), respectively. Demographic characters of both groups were comparable. VTE group had significant more Caprini score, platelets count and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) than non-VTE group. Modified Caprini score (2 multiply Caprini score plus 1 multiply PLR) was generated for better VTE prediction. Sensitivity and specificity of Caprini (≥5.5) and modified Caprini scores (≥22.8) were 72.4 vs 39.4, and 79.3 vs 52.1 percent, respectively. Conclusion: Prevalence of VTE among gynecologic malignancy cases was 7.4 percent. The modified Caprini score was an alternative VTE predictive tool. Cut-off point of modified Caprini score at equal or more than 22.8 was proposed.     

肝段或肝叶切除术对肝内胆管结石再次手术效果的影响

目的对比不同术式对肝内胆管结石再次手术效果，探讨肝段或肝叶切除术的优势。 方法回顾性分析2011年8月至2014年8月收治的79例肝内胆管结石再次手术患者资料，依据术式不同分为肝段(叶)切除术组(甲组，n＝38)和非肝段(叶)切除术组(乙组，n＝41)两组。应用SPSS 19.0软件对所有临床数据进行统计学分析，手术相关指标等以( ±s)的形式表示，组间比较采用独立t检验；术后并发症发生情况及预后情况等计数资料以例(%)的形式表示，采用χ²检验；P<0.05差异有统计学意义。 结果两组患者术中出血量、手术时间及术后住院时间相比，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；甲组患者的术后并发症发生率5.3%(2/38)显著低于乙组22.0%(9/41)(P<0.05)；甲组残留结石发生率、症状复发率2.6%(1/38)、 0(0/41)均显著低于乙组17.1%(7/41)、 12.2%(5/41)(P<0.05)，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；但两组患者的病死率2.6%(1/38)和0(0/41)相比，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论肝段(叶)切除术能够有效改善肝内胆管结石再次手术效果，值得推广。     

3D打印模型在儿童先天性脊柱侧凸治疗中的应用研究

目的探讨3D打印模型在儿童先天性脊柱侧凸治疗中的应用疗效。方法回顾性分析2015年12月至2016年12月于首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院接受手术治疗的83例先天性脊柱侧凸患儿临床及影像学资料,根据是否使用3D打印模型分为试验组(n=44)和对照组(n=39),比较两组手术时间、术中透视次数、置钉准确性、矫形效果及并发症情况。结果本研究共纳入83例先天性脊柱侧凸患儿,其中男童47例,女童36例,平均手术年龄5.98 (1.5~13)岁。行半椎体切除术40例,Ponte截骨术31例,经椎弓根截骨术8例,全脊椎切除术4例。随访时间24~35个月。试验组患儿手术时间短于对照组[(180.92±16.74) min (201.51±27.60) min],差异有统计学意义(t=2.798,P<0.05),试验组术中出血量[(340.23±89.52) mL vs.(392.64±100.41) mL]及术中透视次数(4.36±0.89 6.05±1.28)明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组置钉准确率高于对照组(93.55%vs 79.91%)(X^2=218.00,P<0.05),平均置钉时间明显短于对照组[(4.24±1.05) min vs.(8.35±2.29) min],差异有统计学意义(t=10.71,P<0.05)。两组患儿矫形率无明显差异(t=-1.135,P=0.272)。试验组与对照组患儿术后胸膜损伤、硬膜损伤发生率无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论 3D打印模型能清晰、直观显示先天性脊柱侧凸患儿的脊柱结构及形态,为制定手术计划及手术置钉提供帮助,从而提高置钉准确率,减少术中透视次数,缩短手术时间,减少术中出血量。