Two new stilbenoids from aerial parts of Flickingeria fimbriata

Two new stilbenoids, named 2,3 -dimethoxyl-7-hydroxyl-1,4-phenanthrenedione (1) and 2-methoxyl-3-methyl-7-hydroxyl-9,10-dihydro-1,4-phenanthrenedione (2), together with two known stilbenoids including densiflorol B (3) and ephemeranthoquinone (4), were isolated from aerial parts of Flickingeria fimbriata (Bl.) Hawkes. The structures of two new compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, including HRESIMS, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, DEPT, HMBC, COSY, HMQC, NOESY. All the compounds were obtained from this genus for the first time. In addition, they all exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities against HepG2 cell lines.     

甘薯长喙壳菌毒素检测的高效薄层色谱法研究

用乙醚提取甘薯毒素 ,提取物分别用 5 %的Na2CO3 和蒸馏水洗涤 ,无水硫酸钠干燥 ,蒸去乙醚。残渣 (粗品 )采用高效薄层色谱法进行检测 ,以纯品甘薯酮和甘薯酮醇作标样。结果表明 :在 2 0℃条件下在石油醚 醋酸乙酯 (2∶1 ,v v)溶剂系统中 ,对甘薯酮 (C)、甘薯酮醇 (A)等毒素有较好的分离效果 ,Rf 值的重复性也较好。展开后的薄层板通过CS 930薄层扫描仪在 52 0nm下扫描定量。采用高效薄层色谱法检测甘薯酮及甘薯酮醇 ,最低检测限量 :纯品为 0 0 0 2 μg,粗品为 0 0 1 μg。     

Isoprenyl phenolic ethers from the termite nest-derived medicinal fungus Xylaria fimbriata

Seven new isoprenyl phenolic ethers, namely fimbriethers A?G (1?7), were isolated from the fermented broth of the termite nest-derived medicinal fungus Xylaria fimbriata YMJ491. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic data analysis and compared with those reported. The effects of all the isolates at a concentration of 100 μM on the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells were evaluated, and all of them exhibited NO production inhibitory activity with E_max values ranging from 4.6 ± 2.0% to 49.7 ± 0.5% without significant cytotoxicity. In addition, these seven compounds did not alter phenylephrine-induced vasocontraction in isolated intact thoracic aortic rings from C57BL/6J mouse, indicating 1?7 were not involved in the regulation of endothelial NOS-mediated NO production.     

瓦松中强心成分的提取和药理作用的初步研究

景天科植物瓦松(Orostachys fimbriatus)甲醇粗提物,经液—液萃取,得到乙酸乙酯萃取部分,经TLC、PLC定性检查为混合物,Keller-killiani反应阳性。离体蛙心灌流实验证实对离体蛙心有加强收缩作用。     

瓦松属植物的研究进展

景天科瓦松属植物为重要的药用植物,具有较高的药用价值,研究表明瓦松属植物中含有黄酮类、有机酸类、甾醇类、强心苷、景天庚酮糖酐和异丙叉景天庚酮糖酐等化学成分,药理作用为抗病毒、抗菌、抗癌、强心、抗炎等,临床应用广泛。本文对瓦松属植物的化学成分、药理作用及临床应用等方面作一综述,为今后对该属植物的进一步开发研究提供参考。     

23个产地瓦松槲皮素、山柰素与醇溶性浸出物含量测定

正瓦松是景天科植物瓦松Orostachys fimbriata(Turcz.)Berg.的干燥地上部分,别名瓦花、向天草、天王铁塔草等,分布于湖北、安徽、浙江、河北、河南、江苏、甘肃、陕西、青海等省,性酸、苦、凉,归肝、肺、脾经,具有凉血止血,解毒,敛疮的功效,用于血痢、便血、痔血、疮口久不愈合等~([1-2])。化学与药理学研究表明,瓦松富含黄酮类、苯甲酸类、糖苷类等化合物~([3-4]),     

Hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effects of Orostachys japonicus A. Berger extracts in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

The hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effects of two dietary dosages (0.1% and 0.5%) of water and 80% ethanol extracts from hot-air dried Orostachys japonicus A. Berger were evaluated in the serum and organ tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The STZ-induced diabetic groups supplemented with the O. japonicus extracts showed significantly higher body weight compared to a diabetic control group at the end of experiment. The extracts exhibited substantial hypoglycemic effects by significant reductions of fasting blood glucose levels at all time points tested compared to the initial stage before treatment of the extracts. Declines of serum and hepatic triglyceride levels were greater than declines of total cholesterol in the groups treated with the 0.5% O. japonicus extract (DBW2 and DBE2) when compared to the DBC group. Hepatic glycogen content was higher in the groups treated with O. japonicus extract, while lipid peroxide content was decreased in these treated groups compared to the DBC group. Hepatic antioxidant activity was significantly increased in the groups supplemented with the O. japonicus ethanol extract. The hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effects of the O. japonicus ethanol extract were significantly greater than the effects of the water extract. Based on this study, it seems that O. japonicus ethanol extract, due to its higher phenolic and flavonoid components than the water extract, may control blood glucose and alleviate hyperlipidemia in diabetes.     

Flavonoids from the whole plants ofOrostachys japonicus

From the whole plants ofOrostachys japonicus, kaempferol, quercetin, astragalin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, cynaroside, afzelin, 3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-7-O-β-D-glucosyl kaempferol, and 3,7-di-O-β-D-glucosyl kaempferol were isolated and characterized by spectral data.     

Ceratocystis wilt and canker – a disease that compromises the growing of commercial Acacia-based plantations in the tropics

ABSTRACT

Ceratocystis wilt and canker disease has severely compromised the profitability of Acacia mangium plantations in Southeast Asia. The focus of this review is on Ceratocystis wilt and canker disease in Acacia trees. Its aim is to synthesise information about this fungal pathogen that can be used to inform development of suitable disease-control strategies in forest plantations. The last 20 years have seen many taxonomic changes in Ceratocystis, with some disagreement as to species boundaries. Therefore, an understanding of the origins and development of this disease requires reference to other species, particularly in the context of the biology and fungal taxonomy, disease symptoms and mechanisms of fungal dispersal. The risks and impacts of the disease on the sustainability of Acacia wood production are examined. Observing or surveying disease symptoms in plantations, selecting and planting tolerant or resistant Acacia trees, and the potential of endophytic bacteria as biological control agents are also included in this review.     

Beneficial Actions of Orostachys japonica and Its Compounds against Tumors via MAPK Signaling Pathways

Tumors are one of the most life-threatening diseases, and a variety of cancer treatment options have been continuously introduced in order to overcome cancer and improve conventional therapy. Orostachys japonica (O. japonica), which is a perennial plant belonging to the genus Orostachys of the Crassulaceae family, has been revealed to exhibit pharmacological properties against various tumors in numerous studies. The present review aimed to discuss the biological actions and underlying molecular mechanisms of O. japonica and its representative compounds—kaempferol and quercetin—against tumors. O. japonica reportedly has antiproliferative, anti-angiogenic, and antimetastatic activities against various types of malignant tumors through the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, a blockade of downstream vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-VEGFR2 pathways, and the regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. In addition, emerging studies have highlighted the antitumor efficacy of kaempferol and quercetin. Interestingly, it was found that alterations of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades are involved in the pivotal mechanisms of the antitumor effects of O. japonica and its two compounds against cancer cell overgrowth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. In summary, O. japonica could be considered a preventive and therapeutic medicinal plant which exhibits antitumor actions by reversing altered patterns of MAPK cascades, and kaempferol and quercetin might be potential components that can contribute to the efficacy and underlying mechanism of O. japonica.