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1.
Prospective students are denied admittance into nursing programs because of faculty shortage. Recruitment, development, and retention of faculty must be prioritized. An eLearning course was implemented to enhance clinical education competencies. Presurveys and postsurveys were administered addressing satisfaction, knowledge and skill acquisition, and behavior change. Initial t-test analysis identified gains for knowledge and skills effect (p?<?.05). Follow-up results indicated gains in knowledge and attitude (p?<?.05). Results suggested the course was effective in preparing clinical educators.  相似文献   
2.
Following the “call for action to research”, various aspects of maternity care should be examined so that perinatal care can be improved based on evidence. Clinical midwifery is the most common way of attending births in high-income countries. Midwives are the experts for normal labor and birth and play a central role in caring for women giving birth in a hospital setting. The aim of this scoping review was to explore midwives’ action-guiding orientation in their care provision during hospital births in high-income countries. Four databases (CINAHL, PubMed, MEDLINE and PSYNDEX) were searched systematically for studies in English or German on midwives’ action-guiding orientation during hospital labor and birth, published between 2000 and February 2022. Only studies from peer-reviewed journals were included. Reporting followed the PRISMA-ScR statement for scoping reviews. From a total of 1572 studies, 26 studies with 4 different research designs were included in the narrative synthesis. The synthesis shows 7 central concepts that emerge in the studies: medicalization of birth versus woman-centered care; midwives’ knowledge and experience; midwives’ professional identity; midwives’ confidence or autonomy in practice; intra-professional and multi-professional relations; continuity of care and relationship with the woman; and working conditions and cultural context. The central concept most reflective of midwives' action-guiding orientation was “medicalization of birth versus woman-centered care.” Other elements that affect midwives' action-guiding orientation and represent influencing factors at the micro, meso, and macro levels of obstetric care must be considered if one is to understand the profession and work of midwives.  相似文献   
3.
BackgroundThis study investigated the effect of older brothers on sexual orientation in male adults diagnosed with gender dysphoria and the effect of older sisters on sexual orientation in female adults diagnosed with gender dysphoria from Iran.AimTo assess for the presence of a fraternal birth order effect in transgender androphilic males and a sororal birth order effect in transgender gynephilic females.MethodsThe subjects were 92 transgender males and 107 transgender females (all of whom met the DSM-5 criteria for gender dysphoria), together with 72 male and 78 female clinical controls. All the transgender males were androphilic, all the transgender females were gynephilic (preferentially attracted to members of their own biological sex), and all of the clinical controls were heterosexual (none were transgender or had a diagnosis of gender dysphoria).OutcomesIn relation to the probands, we analyzed the sibship composition of our groups with regard to birth order and sibling sex ratio (brothers to sisters).ResultsThe results for the transgender males confirmed the findings of 2 recent meta-analyses that older brothers increase the odds of androphilia in later-born males. The results for the transgender females did not clearly confirm one previous finding that older sisters increase the odds of gynephilia in later-born females—a finding obtained in a relatively large study that included gynephilic cisgender girls as well as girls diagnosed with gender dysphoria who will probably be predominantly gynephilic.Clinical ImplicationsThe fraternal (later-born) birth order effect that we found for the transgender androphilic males, similar to that found in gay men, suggests a common underlying causal mechanism.Strengths and LimitationsOur study on Iranian patients diagnosed with gender dysphoria provides further generalizability for the study of birth order and sibling sex ratio that has, more often than not, been restricted to Western samples of adults diagnosed with gender dysphoria. It would be important to study these variables in Iranian gay men and lesbian women (without gender dysphoria) to further examine evidence for cross-cultural similarities when compared to Western samples.ConclusionsIn contrast to the well-established fraternal birth order effect for males, the possible sororal birth order effect for females needs to be examined with additional samples.Khorashad BS, Zucker KJ, Talaei A. Birth Order and Sibling Sex Ratio in Androphilic Males and Gynephilic Females Diagnosed With Gender Dysphoria from Iran. J Sex Med 2020;17:1195–1202.  相似文献   
4.
非政府组织(NGO)在全球健康治理中发挥重要角色,已成为欧美发达国家和联合国系统全球健康战略的重要组成部分,联合国可持续发展目标也提出要强化NGO作为全球健康治理合作者的角色。本研究以全球健康战略比较成熟的世界卫生组织和美英两国为例,综述它们在全球健康战略中对NGO的定位和合作,为中国全球健康战略的制定以及与NGO的合作及定位提供参考建议。研究发现,世界卫生组织、美国和英国在其全球健康战略中均给予NGO明确定位,即加强相互合作,来扩大其在全球健康领域的影响力。因此,中国应将NGO纳入全球健康战略,建立NGO的管理和合作机制,使其成为全球健康的重要补充力量;严格筛选国际NGO进行合作,努力培育和支持本土NGO参与中国全球健康项目的实施;制定NGO合作清单和负面清单;同时加强监管和审核,规避NGO可能带来的风险。  相似文献   
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6.
《Medical image analysis》2015,23(1):114-123
We propose a new algorithm for the voxelwise analysis of orientation distribution functions between one image and a group of reference images. It relies on a generic framework for the comparison of diffusion probabilities on the sphere, sampled from the underlying models. We demonstrate that this method, combined to dimensionality reduction through a principal component analysis, allows for more robust detection of lesions on simulated data when compared to classical tensor-based analysis. We then demonstrate the efficiency of this pipeline on the longitudinal comparison of multiple sclerosis patients at an early stage of the disease: right after their first clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and three months later. We demonstrate the predictive value of ODF-based scores for the early detection of lesions that will appear or heal.  相似文献   
7.
阐述了干部病房老年患者临终关怀期间存在与生命伦理学原则相悖的伦理困惑.通过树立正确的死亡观,使临终关怀伦理取向价值利益最大化;以换位思考的理性举措,使临终患者伦理价值取向权利人性化;用健康知识的灌输使患者家属走出公平伦理价值取向的误区,以帮助患者及其家属理清临终关怀期间伦理价值取向.  相似文献   
8.
杜汴兴 《中国卫生产业》2012,(27):154+156-154,156
本文针对目前医院设备管理部门的现状及存在的问题进行了深入的分析,并对设备管理部门今后的定位、发展提出了建议。  相似文献   
9.
门诊导医护士工作内容繁琐,工作时间较长,易产生工作倦怠.在不增加导医护士数量的前提下,通过落实弹性排班、夜班补贴、加强团队协作、加强人性化管理等措施,稳定了导医队伍,提高了工作满意度.  相似文献   
10.
In this work, we first propose an original and efficient computational framework to model continuous diffusion MRI (dMRI) signals and analytically recover important diffusion features such as the Ensemble Average Propagator (EAP) and the Orientation Distribution Function (ODF). Then, we develop an efficient parametric dictionary learning algorithm and exploit the sparse property of a well-designed dictionary to recover the diffusion signal and its features with a reduced number of measurements. The properties and potentials of the technique are demonstrated using various simulations on synthetic data and on human brain data acquired from 7T and 3T scanners. It is shown that the technique can clearly recover the dMRI signal and its features with a much better accuracy compared to state-of-the-art approaches, even with a small and reduced number of measurements. In particular, we can accurately recover the ODF in regions of multiple fiber crossing, which could open new perspectives for some dMRI applications such as fiber tractography.  相似文献   
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