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1.
目的探讨孕期重金属元素和微量元素水平与子代先天性心脏病(简称先心病)的相关性,并建立孕期重金属元素和微量元素水平与子代先心病发生概率的预测模型。方法基于2010~2012年在甘肃省妇幼保健院开展的前瞻性出生队列研究,采用巢式病例对照研究方法,对14359名孕妇进行随访观察,以随访观察期内其子代确诊先心病的97名孕妇为先心病组,从队列人群中以1∶2的比例匹配194名子代未患先心病的孕妇为对照组。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱测定孕母孕20~24周时血液样本和胎儿脐血样本中的重金属元素和微量元素水平。采用多因素logistic回归分析评估重金属元素和微量元素水平与子代先心病之间的关联,并构建孕期重金属元素和微量元素水平与子代先心病发生概率的列线图预测模型。结果与对照组相比,先心病组孕妇血液样本中铝(aluminium,Al)、钠(natrium,Na)、钙(calcium,Ca)、钛(titanium,Ti)、硒(selenium,Se)、锶(strontium,Sr)、锡(stannum,Sn)、锑(stibium,Sb)、钡(barium,Ba)、钍(thorium,Th)水平较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);先心病组脐血样本中Al、锌(zinc,Zn)、镁(magnesium,Mg)、钾(kalium,K)、Ca、Ti、铬(chromium,Cr)、铜(copper,Cu)、砷(arsenic,As)、Se、Sr、银(argentum,Ag)、镉(cadmium,Cd)、Sn、铅(plumbum,Pb)水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,孕妇血液样本中Sb水平升高,其子代患先心病的风险显著增加(^(a)OR=4.81,P=0.004);而在脐血样本中,高浓度水平的Al(^(a)OR=4.22,P=0.013)、Mg(^(a)OR=8.00,P=0.014)、Pb(^(a)OR=3.82,P=0.049)与先心病的发生风险增加存在关联。孕期重金属元素和微量元素水平与子代先心病的预测模型中纳入的变量有:孕妇血Al、Th、Sb水平和脐血Al、Mg、Pb水平,绘制的列线图预测模型的校正曲线趋近于理想曲线。结论孕期Al、Th、Sb、Mg、Pb水平升高提示子代罹患先心病的风险增加,联合以上指标构建的列线图预测模型可以预测子代先心病的发生概率。  相似文献   
2.
Environmental exposure refers to contact with chemical, biological, or physical substances found in air, water, food, or soil that may have a harmful effect on a person's health.Almost all of the global population (99%) breathe air that contains high levels of pollutants.Smoking is one of the most common forms of recreational drug use and is the leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.The small particles from either ambient (outdoor) pollution or cigarette smoke are inhaled to the lungs and quickly absorbed into the bloodstream. These substances can affect virtually every organ in our body and have been associated with various respiratory, cardiovascular, endocrine, and also reproductive morbidities, including decreased fertility, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and offspring long-term morbidity.This review summarizes the latest literature reporting the reproductive consequences of women exposed to ambient (outdoor) air pollution and cigarette smoking.  相似文献   
3.
人类辅助生殖技术(ART)日渐成熟,已成为广大不孕不育患者克服疾病困扰获得后代的可靠助孕手段。围绕ART采用的相关医疗手段及对配子和早期胚胎采取的多种实验室干预措施如体外授精、卵胞浆内单精子注射、胚胎植入前遗传学诊断、胚胎冷冻保存及冻融胚胎复苏技术等对ART子代的安全性存在的影响,已成为生殖医学领域研究的重点。研究表明,ART子代和自然妊娠子代的健康状况相似,辅助生殖技术是相对安全的。然而,受ART子代年龄和群体样本量影响,研究只能阐述ART子代出生后早期的随访,尚无权威证据揭示其对子代成年后的远期影响,也无法证明这些研究结论是否与ART适应证、夫妻双方不孕原因、母体年龄、遗传因素、IVF技术本身、IVF相关的不良围产结局等是否存在相关性。对 ART 助孕的子代安全性问题进行综述,讨论ART常规技术与出生缺陷、ART与早产、ART与低体质量儿、ART子代生长发育评估、ART子代的精神健康等问题,为人类ART安全有效的应用提供依据。  相似文献   
4.
随着工业的快速发展,邻苯二甲酸酯在全球范围内得到了广泛运用,在一定程度上增加了邻苯二甲酸酯的暴露机会,可对人体健康产生多种危害。该文综述了国内外关于邻苯二甲酸酯母体暴露影响子代生长发育、生殖发育、神经行为、肾脏发育及心肌的相关研究。  相似文献   
5.
Many changes occur in the physiology of the maternal thyroid gland to maintain an adequate level of thyroid hormones (THs) at each stage of gestation during normal pregnancy, however, some factors can produce low levels of these hormones, which can alter the onset and progression of pregnancy. Deficiency of THs can be moderate or severe, and classified as overt or clinical hypothyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, and isolated hypothyroxinemia. Overt hypothyroidism has been reported in 0.3–1.9% and subclinical hypothyroidism in approximately 1.5–5% of pregnancies. With respect to isolated hypothyroxinemia, the frequency has been reported in approximately 1.3% of pregnant women, however it can be as high as 25.4%. Worldwide, iodine deficiency is the most common cause of hypothyroidism, however, in iodine-sufficient countries like the United States, the most common cause is autoimmune thyroiditis or Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The diagnosis and timely treatment of deficiency of THs (before or during the first weeks of gestation) can significantly reduce some of the related adverse effects, such as recurrent pregnancy loss, preterm delivery, gestational hypertension, and alterations in the offspring. However, so far there is no consensus on the reference levels of thyroid hormones during pregnancy to establish the diagnosis and there is no consensus on universal screening of women during first trimester of pregnancy to identify thyroid dysfunction, to give treatment and to reduce adverse perinatal events, so it is necessary to carry out specific studies for each population that provide information about it.  相似文献   
6.
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in particulate matter that has a diameter of ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5). Studies have demonstrated that BaP exposure causes oocyte meiotic arrest in mice. However, whether BaP exposure also affects oocyte maturation in offspring remains unclear. To test this, female mice were administered BaP before pregnancy to generate BaP-exposed offspring. Our findings showed that BaP exposure reduced the in vitro maturation and increased the abnormalities of meiotic apparatus in offspring oocytes. In addition, BaP exposure reduced the mitochondrial content and intracellular ATP generation, induced early apoptosis, increased reactive oxidative species accumulation and the genomic DNA 5-methylcytosine (5mc) level in offspring oocytes. Along with the abovementioned defective parameters, maternal BaP exposure further compromised the embryo developmental competence of offspring oocytes. In summary, our study demonstrated that maternal BaP exposure compromised offspring oocyte maturation and quality.  相似文献   
7.
8.
ObjectiveThe present study was aimed to determine the effect of yoga program on cardiac autonomic dysfunction and insulin resistance in non-diabetic offspring of diabetes parents.MethodsA randomized passive-controlled study was conducted on 64 non-diabetic offspring of type-2-diabetes parents (mean-age:25.17years). Yoga group participants received yoga training for 8 weeks. Heart-rate variability (HRV) indices: low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF) and LF/HF ratio; fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin resistance (IR) were estimated at baseline and after 8-weeks of intervention.ResultsWe found a significant decrease in LF (p = 0.005), LF/HF ratio (p = 0.004), IR (p < 0.001), OGTT (p = 0.003) and increase in HF (p = 0.022) in yoga group participants. Control group participants did not show any significant change in any variables.ConclusionsImprovement in cardiac autonomic function and insulin resistance by yoga training implies that yoga can reduce the risk of development of diabetes in offspring of diabetes parents.  相似文献   
9.
目的 探讨母亲还原叶酸载体(reduced folate carrier,RFC)基因多态性与子代先天性心脏病(congenital heart disease,CHD)的关系。方法 采用基于医院的病例对照研究,以2017年11月至2020年3月于湖南省儿童医院心胸外科就诊的683例CHD婴儿的母亲为病例组,以同期在该院就诊并排除任何畸形的740例婴儿的母亲为对照组。使用调查问卷收集研究对象的暴露资料,并采集产妇5 mL静脉血用于基因多态性检测。采用多因素logistic回归分析RFC基因多态性及其单倍型与CHD的关联,并采用广义多因子降维法分析基因-基因间交互作用。结果 多因素logistic回归显示,在控制混杂因素后,母亲RFC基因2个位点rs2236484(AG vs AA:OR=1.91,95%CI:1.45~2.51;GG vs AA:OR=1.96,95%CI:1.40~2.75)和rs2330183(CT vs CC:OR=1.39,95%CI:1.06~1.83)的多态性与子代CHD风险存在关联。母亲携带单倍型G-G(OR=1.21,95%CI:1.03~1.41)和T-G(OR=1.25,95%CI:1.07~1.46)显著增加子代CHD的风险。交互作用分析显示,RFC基因各位点在CHD发生中存在交互作用(P < 0.05)。结论 母亲RFC基因多态性及各位点间的交互作用与子代CHD的发生相关。  相似文献   
10.
BackgroundThe metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a clustering of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases that includes abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to reassess the parent-offspring association of MetS since the available findings are still controversial.MethodsThe Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched to identify relevant articles. All studies comparing MetS status between the offspring of parents with MetS and offspring of parents without MetS were included in the analysis.ResultsA total of 9 studies met the inclusion criteria and they were analyzed. Offspring of at least 1 parent with MetS had a higher risk of MetS (OR 3.88, 95% CI 2.58–5.83, p < 0.001). Sons and daughters of fathers with MetS both had a higher risk of MetS (OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.70–3.12, p < 0.001, and OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.37–2.18, p < 0.001, respectively). Sons and daughters of mothers with MetS both had a higher risk of MetS (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.37–2.76, p = 0.0002, and OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.54–2.35, p < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionThis meta-analysis showed that there is a higher risk of MetS in the offspring of parents with MetS. However, there was no differential association of MetS according to gender and/or age of the offspring.  相似文献   
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