The harmonic scalpel versus electrocautery for parotidectomy: A meta - analysis

ObjectiveParotidectomy is the most classic and unequivocal intervention for parotid neoplasm. The operative outcomes and postoperative complications of parotidectomy between harmonic scalpel and electrocautery gained more prominence in physician. In spite of much research work within the past years, there was an obvious lack of randomized controlled trial to resolve this question. Hence, a quantitative and qualitative meta-analysis was essential to evaluate the differences in these two types of hemostasis method.MethodThe major electronic databases, including Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane library, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Chinese Scientific and Technological Journal databases were using the key words “electrocautery”, “electrocoagulation”, “harmonic scalpel”, “ultrasonic scalpel”, “ultrasonic dissector”, “parotidectomy” and “parotid surgery”. 9 articles were included in our systematic review and meta-analysis. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, salivary fistula and transient facial nerve paralysis were the outcome measures. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were employed to evaluate the effect size for categorical outcomes and mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for continuous outcomes.ResultsIn our meta-analysis, there was a significant reduction in operation time [mean difference: ?20.97; 95%CI=(?24.02,?17.92); P < 0.00001], intraoperative blood loss [mean difference: ?20.75, 95%CI=(?22.32,?19.18); P < 0.00001], hospital stay [mean difference: ?0.83; 95%CI=(?1.10,?0.57); P < 0.00001], salivary fistula [ORs: 0.30, 95%CI=(0.08,1.14)] and transient facial nerve paralysis [OR:0.33, 95%CI=(0.19,0.58),P = 0.0001] in harmonic scalpel group compared with electrocautery group.ConclusionThis meta-analysis indicated that compared with electrocautery, harmonic scalpel (HS)was transcendent in the aspects of operative time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, salivary fistula and transient facial nerve paralysis. The harmonic scalpel, as an efficient and useful instrument, was advocated in parotidectomy.     

Prevention of hypertension in patients with prehypertension in the rural areas of China: a community-based quasi-experiment

Background

People with prehypertension are highly likely to develop hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. Lifestyle modifications may prevent hypertension in patients with prehypertension, but evidence remains scarce in developing countries. This study aimed to investigate whether a community-based intervention could prevent hypertension through lifestyle modifications in people with prehypertension in the rural areas of China.

中国南京地区十个红细胞血型系统稀有抗原的大规模调查

本研究调查南京地区人群中稀有血型杭原的类型及分布情况,为稀有血型病人的临床用血和献血招募提供基础性资料.采用4M尿素对红细胞进行Kidd血型系统的Jk(a-b-)表型筛选;利用抗血清对H系统的H-、MNS系统的GPA-,Gerbich系统的GPC-、Ii系统的i+,Lutheran系统的Lub-表型进行筛选;对Kell...     

“散膏”是多个腺体的总称

目的：认识《难经》记录中＂,散膏＂所指的解剖学实体。方法：考证《难经》的相关记录,结合对《黄帝内经》有关人体解剖的认识,考证＂散膏＂的词义。结论：＂散膏＂是多个腺体的总称。     

近16年南京市第二医院收治传染病病种的回顾性分析

目的:了解近16年来东南大学附属第二医院(南京市第二院,简称南京二院)传染病收治情况和流行趋势,为该院传染病的诊治提供依据。方法:回顾性分析1994至2009年南京二院每年收治的传染病总数变化、每种传染病总数的变化及具体分布情况。结果:南京二院收治的传染病总数呈现曲线上升的趋势,其中发病总数处于前5位的为麻疹、流行性腮腺炎、水痘、急性细菌性痢疾、百日咳。梅毒、艾滋病等性传播性疾病以及疟疾、狂犬病等病发率呈现上升趋势,严重急性呼吸综合征、人禽流感和甲型H1N1流感等新发传染病均有发生。结论:急性呼吸道传染病仍然是防治的重点,要加强对梅毒、艾滋病的健康宣教,时刻警惕新发传染病的入侵。     

南京市城区入室按蚊的调查及种群鉴定

目的对出现在南京市中心城区的按蚊种群进行密度调查,并用PCR方法进行种群鉴定和疟原虫携带检测。方法采用人工计数法对南京市五台山、水西门、逸仙桥和火车站4个居民点的入室按蚊和蚊虫总数进行计数,并用电动吸蚊器抓捕冻存,用PCR方法进行分子鉴定和2种疟原虫携带情况的检测。结果采集到按蚊111只,占总蚊虫数的6.12%,经PCR鉴定均为中华按蚊,恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫检测为阴性。结论出现在南京市中心城区的按蚊为中华按蚊,占总蚊虫数的比重较小,不是优势种群;疟原虫检测为阴性,难以引起疟疾原发病例的流行,但仍需持续监测中华按蚊的发生动态。     

2005-2009年南京地区抗癫痫药应用分析

目的:了解2005 -2009年南京地区抗癫痫药的用药状况及变化趋势.方法:采用限定日剂量为指标,对南京地区2005-2009年临床应用的抗癫痫药的数据资料进行统计分析,对用药金额和药品限定日费用( DDC)进行排序.结果:南京地区抗癫痫药的总用药金额逐年增长.5年中抗癫痫药各类药物构成比中,丙戊酸钠金额占总金额的构成...     

南京郊区3～5岁儿童龋病流行情况及相关因素研究

目的调查南京郊区3～5岁儿童龋病的流行情况及相关因素。方法采用多阶段、随机抽样的方法抽取南京郊区384名3～5岁儿童,对其进行口腔检查并发放问卷,由家长填写后统一收回。对龋病相关因素调查结果采用χ2检验和Log-istic回归分析。结果南京郊区3～5岁儿童患龋率为60.68%,龋均及龋面均分别为2.70和4.08;年龄、甜食的喜好程度及母亲文化程度与儿童乳牙龋相关。结论南京郊区3～5岁儿童的患龋率较高,需开展早期预防工作。     

南京市2009年血吸虫病疫情监测点监测结果分析

[目的]掌握南京市血吸虫病疫情动态,为制订防治策略提供依据。[方法]按《全国血吸虫病监测方案》的方法,在全市3个国家级监测点开展血吸虫病疫情监测。[结果]3个监测点常住居民间接血凝试验(IHA)阳性率为7.4%,粪检(Kato-Katz法)阳性率为0;流动人群IHA阳性率为1.67%,粪检阳性率为0。家畜粪检未发现阳性。2个监测点查到钉螺,其中1个监测点查到感染性钉螺。[结论]监测区血吸虫病疫情明显下降,但仍需加强对感染性钉螺及感染来源的调查研究和控制工作,以巩固和保护现有血防成果。     

南京市医务人员性病／艾滋病专业知识调查

目的 了解南京市医疗机构开展性病/艾滋病培训的情况及医务人员掌握性病/艾滋病知识的现状，方法 对南京市57家区县级以上医疗机构的医务处负责人进行问卷调查。了解他们开展性病/艾滋病培训的情况；对南京市区、郊区43所医疗机构的562名医务人进行问卷调查。了解他们的性病/艾滋病知识，结果 1996-1999年间，被调查的57家医疗机构中，13家（22.6%)开展过性病/艾滋病教育；14.9%(84/562)的被调查医务人员接受过培训；被调查医务人员的性病/艾滋病知识平均分数为59.8分。医务人员知识水平的高低与所在医疗机构的级别及他们的职称、专业、是否诊治过性病/艾滋病患，是否接受过培训有关。结论 南京的医疗机构中仅一小部分开展过性病/艾滋病教育，医务人员的性病/艾滋病知识水平仍较低，对他们的教育必须加强。。