急性高原肺水肿心肌损伤机制的研究

目的探讨急性高原肺水肿（HAPE）患者发病初期的心肌细胞损害、细胞舒缩功能损害以及心电损害，同时测定急性缺氧期患者血管活性因子水平的变化，从血管舒缩因子失衡角度探讨HAPE的发病机制，为临床治疗和发病机制研究提供依据。方法分别采集急性高原肺水肿患者、高原健康、平原健康人3组人群样本血浆，分为HAPE组（n=21）、高原健康对照组（n=15），平原健康对照组（n=13），分别测定3组样本血浆促红细胞生成素（EPO）、血浆肌钙蛋白（cTNI）、氨基末端脑钠肽原（Nt-pro-BNP）水平，并将3组进行比较。结果HAPE组的EPO、VEGF为皮素ET-1高于平原对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），而HAPE组与高原对照组间无统计学差异；HAPE组和平原、高原对照组血浆NO水平无统计学显著性差异。结论血管收缩物质增加，舒张物质减少以及由此导致的两种物质比例失衡，可能是HAPE发病的主要原因，不是某种收缩物质的增加或者舒张物质的减少作用的结果，HAPE存在心肌细胞损害和心功能受损。     

NT-pro-BNP联合CRP检测在老年心肌梗死伴慢性心力衰竭患者中的诊断价值

目的:探讨N末端B型利钠肽原(NT-pro-BNP)联合C反应蛋白(CRP)检测在老年心肌梗死伴慢性心力衰竭患者中的诊断价值.方法:选取因心肌梗死而在本院进行治疗的428例老年患者,按是否合并慢性心力衰竭分为心衰组171例及非心衰组257例,按照NYHA分级标准评定患者的心功能,比较各级CRP及NT-pro-BNP水平.结果:与非心衰组相比,心衰组体质分数(BMI)指数低、舒张压(SDP)压力低、收缩压(SBP)压力低、心率(HR)大、左室舒张末内径(LVEDD)大、左房内径大、左心射血分数(LVEF)小、CRP及NT-pro-BNP水平高,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.01);两组NYHA心功能各级NT-pro-BNP水平比较,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01);两组NYHA心功能各级CRP水平比较,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论:血浆CRP及NT-pro-BNP的水平有助于诊断老年心肌梗死伴慢性心力衰竭并对心力衰竭程度进行分级.     

米力农治疗充血性心力衰竭疗效观察及其对血浆NT-pro-BNP的影响

目的 观察米力农对充血性心力衰竭患者心功能及血浆脑利钠肽水平的影响.方法 76例充血性心力衰竭患者随机分为研究组(36例)和对照组(40例),两组患者均给予常规抗心力衰竭的治疗,根据病情选用利尿剂、血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂、β受体阻滞剂、螺内酯药物等,必要时应用洋地黄等正性肌力药物.研究组在常规治疗基础上加用米力农静滴,疗程为10d.观察两组治疗前后心功能改善情况:心脏指数(CI)、心输出量(CO)、左室射血分数(LVEF)和血浆NT-pro-BNP水平.结果 治疗10d后,研究组与治疗前及对照组相比CI、CO和LVEF均明显增加,而NT-pro-BNP明显降低;差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01及P＜0.05).结论 米力农对充血性心力衰竭疗效较好,可提高CO、CI和LVEF,降低血浆NT-pro-BNP水平.     

Cardiac Amyloidosis Without Increased Left Ventricular Wall Thickness

ObjectivesTo determine how often left ventricular wall thickness (LVWT) is normal and to assess the effect of LVWT on clinical outcomes of patients with immunoglobulin light chain (AL) cardiac amyloidosis.Patients and MethodsA total of 117 patients with systemic AL amyloidosis were retrospectively categorized from April 1, 1995, to September 15, 2012; group A included cardiac amyloidosis patients with an LVWT greater than 12 mm (45 patients); group B, cardiac amyloidosis patients with an LVWT of 12 mm or less (25 patients); and group C, no evidence of cardiac amyloidosis (47 patients). We compared echocardiographic parameters and survival rates among the 3 groups.ResultsNo differences were found between groups A and B in the following parameters: left ventricular ejection fraction (median, 56% [interquartile range (IQR), 46%-63%] vs 56% [IQR, 49%-63%], P=.76), left arterial volume index (median, 44.5 [IQR, 38.5-59.7] vs 43.9 [IQR, 33.8-57.1] mL/m², P=.79), eˈ (median, 0.04 [IQR, 0.03-0.05] vs 0.05 [IQR, 0.04-0.06] m/s, P=.10), and E/eˈ (early diastolic mitral inflow velocity (E)/eˈ) (median, 18.4 [IQR, 12.0-23.3] vs 18.0 [IQR, 13.6-25.0], P=.98). Patients in group C exhibited significantly different values for these parameters (median, 65% [IQR, 61%-69%], 23.4 [IQR, 18.0-29.0] mL/m², 0.08 [IQR, 0.06-0.09] m/s, and 8.8 [IQR, 7.2-10.5], respectively; all P<.001). The survival rates were statistically different, with median survival times of 422, 729, and 2080 days in groups A, B, and C, respectively (P=.002). Using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, we found that age, an N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide level of 1800 pg/mL or greater, E/eˈ, and complete hematologic remission were significant predictors of survival.ConclusionsA third of patients with AL cardiac amyloidosis were diagnosed as having an LVWT of 12 mm or less. Because appropriate therapy can improve the survival of patients with AL cardiac amyloidosis, early detection by sensitive diagnostic methods should be pursued even when LVWT is not increased.     

Diagnostic and prognostic values of B-type natriuretic peptides (BNP) and N-terminal fragment brain natriuretic peptides (NT-pro-BNP)

Abstract

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a member of a four-natriuretic peptide family that shares a common 17-peptide ring structure. The N-terminal fragment (NT-pro-BNP) is biologically inert, but both are secreted in the plasma in equimolar quantities and both have been evaluated for use in the management of congestive heart failure. BNP and NT-pro-BNP are frequently used in the diagnosis of congestive heart failure and distinguishing between patients with dyspnoea of cardiac or pulmonary origin. Values of NT-pro-BNP are affected by age or the presence of one or several co-morbidities such as chronic renal failure, type 2 diabetes, and acute coronary syndrome. ‘Normal’ values of these peptides also vary depending on the type of test used. The performance characteristics of these tests vary depending on the patients on whom they are used and the manufacturer. For this reason, the determination of reference values for this peptide represents such a challenge.     

高血压脑出血患者血浆氨基末端脑利钠肽前体和C反应蛋白变化的临床意义

目的探讨高血压脑出血(HICH)患者静脉血浆氨基末端脑利钠肽前体(NT－pro－BNP)和C反应蛋白(CRP)的变化及其临床意义。 方法选取2016年1月至2017年12月江苏大学附属金坛医院重症医学科(ICU)收治的HICH患者65例(观察组)和30例同期到院进行健康体检者(对照组)为研究对象进行回顾性病例对照分析。对HICH患者和对照组健康者血浆NT－pro－BNP和CRP进行比较。观察组病例依据入ICU后格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS),分为GCS评分≤8分组、GCS评分>8分组,依据转归分为生存组与死亡组。比较组间NT－pro－BNP和CRP的差异。 结果观察组患者静脉血NT－pro－BNP、CRP水平较对照组增高[NT－pro－BNP水平分别为：(823.67±3 095.51)pg/L、(43.60±51.06)pg/L,CRP水平分别为：(52.26±52.50)mg/L、(1.25±2.29)mg/L,P均<0.05]。死亡组HICH患者的静脉血NT－pro－BNP和CRP水平高于生存组[NT－pro－BNP：(2 172.50±5 272.32)pg/L、(179.92±143.75)pg/L,CRP：(98.50±59.16)mg/L、(30.19±30.53)mg/L,P均<0.05]。GCS评分≤8分HICH患者静脉血CRP水平高于GCS评分>8分的患者[(73.04±56.34)mg/L、(26.45±32.98)mg/L,P<0.05],但两者NT－pro－BNP水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论血浆NT－pro－BNP、CRP水平可用于指导HICH的临床诊断,CRP水平能反映病情严重程度。两者联合应用可作为诊断和判断HICH预后的实验室指标。     

The effects of continuous positive airway pressure therapy on Troponin-T and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: a randomised controlled trial

IntroductionUntreated obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs Trop-T) and B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) are sensitive biomarkers for myocardial injury and heart failure respectively. No randomised controlled trials have examined the treatment effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in patients with OSA on these biomarkers.MethodPatients >21 years old with apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) ≥25/h by overnight polysomnography were recruited. Main exclusion criteria were previous CPAP use and any significant comorbidities including CAD and heart failure. Eligible subjects were randomised to receive CPAP or sham CPAP for eight weeks each in a crossover design with a wash out period of one month between the treatments. Blood samples were collected at 8pm, 3am, and 8am during sleep studies conducted at the end of each eight-week treatment period.ResultsOf the 37 patients who were randomised, 28 patients had stored frozen samples available for analysis. In comparison to sham treatment, CPAP significantly lowered the NT-pro-BNP level by 0.91 pmol/L (p = 0.0002). The reduction of 0.235 ng/L in hs Trop-T on CPAP therapy was not statistically significant (p = 0.052). There were no overnight changes, across the three time points, in either biomarker with either treatment.ConclusionOur study confirms CPAP therapy in patients with moderate-severe OSA reduces NT-pro-BNP, but we did not confirm a significant effect on hs Trop-T. Future larger studies of longer duration incorporating biomarkers and cardiac functional measures are needed to better establish the benefit of OSA treatment.