Exploring the potential of exosomes in diagnosis and drug delivery for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a cancer of the digestive system, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) accounts for approximately 90% of all PC cases. Exosomes derived from PDAC (PDAC-exosomes) promote PDAC development and metastasis. Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles secreted by most cells, which can carry biologically active molecules and mediate communication and cargo transportation among cells. Recent studies have focused on transforming exosomes into good drug delivery systems (DDSs) to improve the clinical treatment of PDAC. This review considers PDAC as the main research object to introduce the role of PDAC-exosomes in PDAC development and metastasis. This review focuses on the following two themes: (a) the great potential of PDAC-exosomes as new diagnostic markers for PDAC, and (b) the transformation of exosomes into potential DDSs.     

Ovine Iliac Vein Model for Endovascular Thrombectomy of Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis

An ovine iliac vein thrombosis model was devised to test a wall-contacting rotational thrombectomy device. Thrombosis was successfully induced in 9 sheep with an average clot length of 31 mm ± 12 and >60% vessel occlusion on angiography. The thrombus was subsequently removed, maintaining normal intraoperative pulmonary arterial pressure (5.9 mm Hg ± 3.6) and complete distal reperfusion after thrombectomy. Additionally, the sheep were without signs of vascular trauma or embolic complications on gross necropsy and histopathologic analysis. The findings from this study support the use of an ovine iliac deep vein thrombosis model for testing of a lower extremity thrombectomy device.     

儿童结核病的合理用药

结核病是严重危害儿童健康的重要传染性疾病，儿童结核病的发病率影响未来成人结核患者的数量，重视儿童结核病对疾病控制具有重要意义，要控制和消灭结核病，必须十分重视儿童结核病的防治，然而不规范的治疗将直接影响治疗效果，该文就儿童结核病的合理用药进行阐述。     

儿童颌面部骨折诊疗研究进展

儿童处于生长发育特殊阶段，其颌面部解剖结构、牙列情况及心理状态与成年人有明显区别。颌面部骨折患儿常出现面部发育畸形、张口受限、咬合关系紊乱等，严重影响患儿的日常生活。因此，儿童颌面部骨折的诊疗一直是临床上的难题，也是国内外的研究热点。颌面部骨折好发于青少年，损伤原因多为意外跌倒、交通伤及运动伤。近年来，数字化外科技术为儿童颌面部骨折提供精确的诊断及微创的治疗。国内外学者对于儿童颌面部骨折治疗理念逐渐倾向于手术治疗，选择可吸收材料对儿童颌面部骨折进行固定，降低对儿童面部发育的影响。长期随访对于儿童颌面部骨折患儿具有重要意义，有助于监测患儿面部发育情况。此外，临床医生应注意患儿的心理状态。对于创伤较重或发现有心理问题的患儿，应尽早干预治疗。文章就近年儿童颌面部骨折流行病学特点、诊断、治疗原则及伴发的心理问题做一综述。