蒙药安神补心六味丸预防给药对心肌缺血大鼠的保护作用及氧化应激水平的影响＊

目的 研究蒙药安神补心六味丸对大鼠心肌缺血损伤的保护作用和氧化应激机制。方法 将60只大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、阳性对照组（丹参滴丸）及蒙药安神补心六味丸低、中、高剂量组，使用腹腔注射异丙肾上腺素方法制备大鼠急性心肌缺血模型，记录并观察大鼠心电图活动变化，然后进行腹主动脉取血，分离血清，测定乳酸脱氢酶（Lactic dehydrogenase，LDH）、肌酸激酶（Creatine kinase，CK）、磷酸肌酸激酶（Creatine kinase isoenzyme，CK-MB）、谷草转氨酶（Aspartate aminotransferase，AST）、超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide dismutase，SOD）、丙二醛（Malondialdehyde，MDA）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（Glutathione peroxidase，GSH-PX）含量变化。取心肌组织固定，对大鼠心肌组织进行HE染色，通过对心肌酶学和和心肌组织形态学两个方面来考察蒙药安神补心六味丸对大鼠心肌缺血模型的保护作用。结果 与空白组比较，模型组大鼠血清中LDH活性极显著升高（P<0.01），CK、CK-MB、AST、MDA活性均显著升高（P<0.05），SOD活性显著降低（P<0.05），GSH-PX活性高度显著降低（P<0.001），且差异均具有统计学意义；与模型组比较，蒙药安神补心六味丸组高剂量组大鼠血清中LDH、CK、CK-MB、MDA活性显著降低（P<0.05），SOD活性显著升高（P<0.05），GSH-PX活性极显著升高（P<0.01），且差异均具有统计学意义。从HE染色分析，蒙药安神补心六味丸能够改善因缺血而造成的心肌组织损伤。结论 蒙药安神补心六味丸能有效改善心肌组织病理状态，减轻大鼠心肌缺血损伤，以达到保护心肌作用，机制可能与氧化应激机制相关。     

蒙医用蒙药对新冠肺炎及疫病的的防治对策

介绍了蒙医药文献中对疫病的防治及现代蒙医对新冠肺炎的防治药物。     

蒙药治疗肝损伤的实验研究进展

随着蒙医药临床与实验科学的快速发展，关于肝损伤的实验研究也逐渐增多，其研究内容从最初的药物对实验动物生化指标的影响发展到组织病理形态学改变以及分子生物，免疫蛋白测定等。本文章通过查阅与总结从1992年至今关于蒙药治疗肝损伤实验研究，总结多种蒙药复方、单药及其提取物对不同模型导致肝损伤的作用及影响，为蒙药治疗肝损伤的进一步研究发展提供最初的信息资源。     

蒙医温针治疗赫依偏盛型失眠症的随机对照试验

目的评价蒙医温针治疗赫依偏盛型失眠症的近期疗效及安全性。方法将80例赫依偏盛型失眠症患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各40例。治疗组给予蒙医温针治疗,对照组采用Streitberger针进行安慰剂针刺。观察2组治疗前后失眠严重程度指数(ISI)量表评分及睡眠脑电图的变化情况。结果治疗组治疗前后ISI评分有显著性差异(P<0.05);治疗组治疗后睡眠总时间延长、睡眠潜伏期缩短、睡眠效率相应提高,且睡眠结构有所变化,即N1期睡眠比例减少,REM睡眠比例增多(均P<0.05)。组间比较,除N2期睡眠及N3+N4期睡眠时间无差异,其余睡眠参数差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论蒙医温针可改善赫依偏盛型失眠患者的睡眠质量,调节失眠症患者睡眠结构及睡眠进程,且安全性高。     

Evidence for the origin of the binaural interaction component of the auditory brainstem response

The binaural interaction component (BIC) represents the mismatch between auditory brainstem responses (ABR) obtained with binaural stimulation and the sum of ABRs obtained with monaural left and right stimulation. It is generally assumed that the BIC reflects binaural integration. Its potential use as a diagnostic tool, however, is hampered by the lack of direct evidence about its origin. While an origin at the initial site of binaural integration seems likely, there is no general agreement on the contribution of the two primary candidate nuclei, the lateral and medial superior olives (LSO and MSO, respectively). Here, we recorded local field potentials (LFP) and responses of units in the LSO and MSO of Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus), presenting clicks with an interaural time or level difference (ITD and ILD, respectively), while simultaneously recording ABR. We determined the BIC from the ABR and, importantly, from LFP and responses of units in the LSO and MSO. If stimulus‐induced changes in the ABR‐derived BIC have their source in the LSO and/or MSO, we expect coherent changes in the unit‐derived and the ABR‐derived BIC. We find that BIC obtained from LSO units exhibits the same ITD and ILD dependence as the ABR‐derived BIC. Neither BIC obtained from MSO units nor LFP‐derived BIC recorded in either LSO or MSO did. The data thus strongly suggest that it is the activity of LSO units in the gerbil that is decisive for the generation of the ABR‐derived BIC, determining its properties.     

Phytochemical and pharmacological progress on Syringa oblata, a traditional Mongolian medicine

Syringa oblata is a traditional Mongolian medicine mainly distributed in the Helan Mountains (the boundaries of Inner Mongolia and Ningxia, China) and the north of Yan Mountains (Aohan Qi, Inner Mongolia, China). It is clinically used to treat diseases caused by Heyi, such as heartache and heat pathogen in the heart. Phytochemical studies on S. oblata revealed the presence of iridoids, lignans, triterpenes, phenylpropanoids, phenylethanoids, and volatile components. Pharmacological investigations revealed a broad spectrum of bioactivities, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiproliferative, and hepatoprotective effects. This article summarized the chemical components and pharmacological activities of S. oblata, providing a scientific rationale for its bioactive constituents, quality control, and utilization as an important medicine.     

蒙药当贡-3对H9C2细胞缺氧/复氧后细胞保护作用的研究

【摘要】 目的 研究蒙药当贡-3对心肌缺血-再灌注损伤后的细胞保护作用。方法 体外H9C2细胞缺氧低糖孵育3h,然后复氧复糖孵育6h,模拟心肌细胞缺血/再灌注（MI/R)损伤;然后给予不同剂量的蒙药当贡-3预处理,ELISA法检测细胞培养液内的天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）的释放、细胞内超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）的活性。结果 H9C2细胞缺氧/复氧（H/R）后：SOD活性明显下降为12.40U/mg.prot,低于对照组的21.71U/mg.prot,而高、中、低三种剂量的药物预处理均可增加SOD的活性,分别为19.66、17.17、15.14U/mg.prot;细胞AST释放增加达68.32U/ml,高于空白对照组的34.78U/ml,高、中、低三种剂量的当贡-3预处理均可降低AST,分别为50.33、56.18、60.37U/ml;细胞GSH-Px活性降低,为71.58μmol/L,低于空白对照组的118.51μmol/L,高、中、低三种剂量的当贡-3预处理均可增加GSH-Px活性,分别为104.13、93.06、80.30μmol/L,均P <0.05。结论 当贡-3预处理能够降低缺氧/复氧损伤的H9C2细胞AST的释放、增加SOD和GSH-Px的活性,对细胞具有保护作用。     

The Stapedial Artery in the Mongolian Gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)

The persistent stapedial artery is a component of the main arterial roads of the head in some animal groups (Fr?ckowiak: Roczn Akad Roln Poznań 336 (2003) 1–81). This type of vascularization occurs in the Mongolian gerbil, among others. The stapedial artery is common in a variety of forms in rodents. It has been described, for example, in Sciuridae, Muridae, Heteromyidae, Geomyidae, Splacidae, Cricetidae, Arvicolinae, and in genus Jaculus (Cox and Hautier: Evolution of the Rodents: Advances in phylogeny, Functional Morphology and Development, 2015). The aim of this study was the analysis of morphology, and of course, of the stapedial artery in this species. Investigations were performed on 10 animals of both sexes, weighing 50–60 g. After lethal anesthesia, the vascular system of every animal was filled with colored latex. After latex coagulation and decalcification of skull bones, fixed tissues were delicately prepared, and the head vascular system was exposed. The stapedial artery separates from the internal carotid artery, runs toward the auditory bulb and passes through the stapes. After the branching of the medial meningeal artery, the stapedial artery runs rostrally, forming its infraorbital branch. This branch, in the further course, gives the branch forming the short trunk of the ophthalmic artery, which supplies orbital structures (muscles, lacrimal gland, Harderian gland, and eyeball). The performed investigations revealed that the maintained infraorbital branch of the stapedial artery is the only source of arterial supply of the orbit in this species. Anat Rec, 301:1131–1137, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Morphological characteristics of eosinophilic neuronal death after transient unilateral forebrain ischemia in Mongolian gerbils

Various types of eosinophilic neurons (ENs) are found in the post‐ischemic brain. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the temporal and spatial profile of ENs, the expression of TUNEL staining and ultrastructural characteristics in the core and peripheral regions of the cortex post‐ischemia. Unilateral forebrain ischemia was induced in Mongolian gerbils by transient common carotid artery occlusions, and the brains from 3 h to 2 weeks post‐ischemia were prepared for morphometric, electron microscopy (EM) and TUNEL staining of the ENs. Light microscopy showed that ENs with minimally abnormal nuclei and swollen cell bodies appeared at 3 h in the ischemic core and at 12 h in the periphery. Thereafter, ENs with pyknosis and irregular atrophic cytoplasm peaked at 12 h, pyknosis with scant cytoplasm peaked at 4 days, and TUNEL‐positive staining was observed in the ischemic core. In the ischemic periphery, ENs had slightly atrophic cytoplasm and sequentially developed pyknosis, karyorrhexis and karyolysis over 1 week. These cells were also positive for TUNEL. In EM, severe organelle dilation and vacuolization preceded chromatin fragmentation in the ischemic core, while chromatin fragmentation and homogenization were the vital characteristics in the ischemic periphery. There might be two region‐dependent pathways for EN changes in the post‐ischemic brain: pyknosis with cytoplasmic shrinkage in the core and nuclear disintegration with slightly atrophic cytoplasm in the periphery. These pathways were comparable to necrosis and proceeded from non‐classical apoptosis to necrosis, respectively.     

对几种蒙药成方剂型微生物检查的分析

目的：通过对4种蒙药成方剂型进行质量检查,分析微生物超标的直接原因。方法：按照《中国药典》2010版第一部附录制剂通则及微生物限度检查法进行实验。结果：4个制剂微生物均不符合规定。结论：与方内糖类和淀粉类成分有关。