Psoriasis is not only a chronic inflammatory skin disease but also a psychosomatic disorder. Depression is one of the most common associated diseases, which aggravates psoriatic skin lesions and affects the life quality of patients. Clinical experiments establish a correlation between psoriasis and depression; however, the mechanisms yet unclear because only a few related studies are available. Therefore, to investigate whether imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mice showed depressive-like behavior, 5% imiquimod cream was smeared on the back of mice to induce psoriasis-like skin lesions for 8 days. Consequently, the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score, epidermal thickness, expression of Ki67 and CD3+ T lymphocyte, the content of IL-12p70, IL-17A, and IL-23 in skin lesions were increased. The psoriasis-like mice presented significant changes in body mass. The sugar water preference rate, the central area distance and area time, and the content of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylaceticacid (DOPAC) and noradrenaline (NE) in the prefrontal cortex, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), adrenaline (Ad), and DOPAC in the hippocampus, and Ad and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the hypothalamus of psoriasis-like mice were significantly decreased. The results showed that after the application of imiquimod, depressive-like behaviors appeared in psoriasis-like mice, and the secretion of related neurotransmitters was disordered. Thus, these mice could be used as animal models for studying psoriasis complicated with depression symptoms. 相似文献
Objectives: Currently in Ghana, there is an on-going task-shifting strategy in which nurses are trained in hypertension management. While this study will provide useful information on the viability of this approach, it is not clear how patients in the intervention perceive hypertension, the task-shifting strategy, and its effects on blood pressure management. The objective of this paper is to examine patients’ perceptions of hypertension and hypertension management in the context of an on-going task-shifting intervention to manage blood pressure control in Ghana.
Design: Forty-two patients participating in the Task Shifting Strategy for Hypertension program (23 males, 19 females, and mean age 61. 7 years) completed in-depth, qualitative interviews. Interviews were transcribed, and key words and phrases were extracted and coded using the PEN-3 Cultural Model as a guide through open and axial coding techniques, thus allowing rich exploration of the data.
Results: Emergent themes included patients’ perceptions of hypertension, which encompassed misperceptions of hypertension and blood pressure control. Additional themes included enablers and barriers to hypertension management, and how the intervention nurtured lifestyle change associated with blood pressure control. Primary enabling factors included the supportive nature of TASSH nurses, while notable barriers were financial constraints and difficulty accessing medication. Nurturing factors included the motivational interviewing and patient counseling which instilled confidence in the patients that they could make lasting behavior changes.
Conclusions: This study offers a unique perspective of blood pressure control by examining how patients view an on-going task-shifting initiative for hypertension management. The results of this study shed light on factors that can help and hinder individuals in low-resource settings with long-term blood pressure management. 相似文献
Objective: The differences of ovarian morphology, reproductive hormones, glucose and lipid metabolism and intestinal bacteria in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) induced by triazole were compared. Method: Eighteen 21 SPF female SD rats were randomly divided into group A (3-week group), group B (5-week group) and group D (control group) by random number table.Group A received letrozole + CMC-Na mixture by gavage in the first 3 weeks and CMC-Na solution by gavage in the last 2 weeks, group B received letrozole + CMC-Na mixture by gavage for 5 weeks, and group D received CMC-Na solution by gavage for 5 weeks, and all three groups of rats were fed with normal diet.At the end of gavage, the body weight of rats in each group was observed, the histological changes of ovaries were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, the serum levels of estradiol (E2), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), fasting blood glucose (Glu), fasting insulin (FINS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the LH/FSH ratio and insulin resistance index (HOMA IR) were calculated; the intestinal bacteria of rats were detected by 16S rRNA technique. Result: 1. Comparison of ovary histomorphology: Under light microscope, multiple luteum and oocytes were observed in mature follicles in group D, and granulosa cells were orderly arranged and multilayered, without cystic dilated follicles. There were no mature follicles in the ovarian tissues of group A and GROUP B. The follicles were irregular in structure and more cystic dilated follicles were visible. The number of granular cells in some follicles decreased or even disappeared. 2. Comparison of sex hormone levels: compared with group D, T level in group B was significantly increased (P < 0.001), and T level in group A had an upward trend (P > 0.05); The LH/FSH levels in group A and B were significantly increased (P < 0.001; P < 0.001). Compared with group A, E2 in group B was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) and T was significantly increased (P < 0.01). 3. Comparison of glucose and lipid metabolism levels: Compared with group D, TC levels in groups A and B were significantly increased (P < 0.01; P < 0.01). Compared with group A, TG in group B was significantly increased (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in Glu, FINS and HOMA-IR levels among all groups. 4. Comparison of LPS levels: Compared with group D, the serum LPS levels of rats in groups A and B were significantly increased (P < 0.001; P < 0.01). 5. Intestinal flora analysis and comparison: At the phylum level, compared with group D, the abundance of Firmicutes in group B increased (P < 0.01), Firmicutes in group A showed an upward trend (P > 0.05), and the abundance of Bacteroidetes in groups A and B decreased (P < 0.05). At the genus level, compared with group D, Lactobacillus in group B increased (P < 0.01). The results of LEfSe analysis showed that there were differences in the composition of various intestinal bacteria among the three groups (LDA > 3).Conclusion: The phenotype of PCOS rats was related to the length of modeling, and the phenotypic characteristics of PCOS in rats at 5 weeks of modeling were more typical than those in rats at 3 weeks of modeling; PCOS can cause changes in intestinal flora, and the changes in the structure of intestinal flora between groups are related to different modeling duration. 相似文献