首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   22104篇
  免费   1106篇
  国内免费   1026篇
耳鼻咽喉   238篇
儿科学   704篇
妇产科学   384篇
基础医学   4056篇
口腔科学   628篇
临床医学   2225篇
内科学   3949篇
皮肤病学   381篇
神经病学   923篇
特种医学   420篇
外国民族医学   4篇
外科学   992篇
综合类   3724篇
预防医学   1934篇
眼科学   281篇
药学   1722篇
  1篇
中国医学   306篇
肿瘤学   1364篇
  2024年   4篇
  2023年   190篇
  2022年   272篇
  2021年   508篇
  2020年   494篇
  2019年   481篇
  2018年   426篇
  2017年   451篇
  2016年   410篇
  2015年   424篇
  2014年   978篇
  2013年   997篇
  2012年   993篇
  2011年   1265篇
  2010年   1060篇
  2009年   1099篇
  2008年   1207篇
  2007年   1395篇
  2006年   1199篇
  2005年   1285篇
  2004年   1105篇
  2003年   1068篇
  2002年   936篇
  2001年   824篇
  2000年   797篇
  1999年   762篇
  1998年   660篇
  1997年   519篇
  1996年   422篇
  1995年   516篇
  1994年   427篇
  1993年   292篇
  1992年   223篇
  1991年   142篇
  1990年   83篇
  1989年   52篇
  1988年   36篇
  1987年   20篇
  1986年   15篇
  1985年   39篇
  1984年   32篇
  1983年   19篇
  1982年   29篇
  1981年   27篇
  1980年   17篇
  1979年   5篇
  1978年   10篇
  1977年   3篇
  1974年   3篇
  1966年   3篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
目的 基于核酸试纸条技术,建立一种快速检测蜡样芽胞杆菌entFM毒素基因的方法。 方法 煮沸法提取蜡样芽胞杆菌DNA,以蜡样芽胞杆菌entFM毒素基因作为靶基因,采用NCBI primer-BLAST 5.0软件设计特异性引物并通过克隆转化鉴定PCR产物,建立并组装核酸试纸条,评价核酸试纸条的特异性、灵敏度和稳定性。 结果 蜡样芽胞杆菌DNA浓度为300 mg?L-1,纯度约为1.60。PCR产物阳性条带经切胶回收、克隆转化和测序比对,与GenBank数据库中已登记的entFM相似性为100%。在pH值7.0条件下,每100 μL 胶体金溶液加入3.3 μg链霉亲和素浓度标记,质控线浓度为1.8 g?L-1,检测线浓度为1 g?L-1时,硝酸纤维素膜上质控线与检测线均可与PCR产物反应出现清晰的红色条带。按照最适条件组装成核酸试纸条,PCR产物6 μL,样品展开液100 μL,检测10 min后可观察结果。核酸试纸条特异性与电泳结果一致,仅蜡样芽胞杆菌为阳性结果,与金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞杆菌、大肠埃希菌和沙门氏菌皆无交叉反应,为阴性结果;灵敏度检测,核酸试纸条DNA质量浓度同时降至10-3 mg?L-1仍可准确检测,普通PCR电泳结果显示DNA质量浓度同时降至10-1 mg?L-1出现目的条带,核酸试纸条比普通PCR灵敏度提高100倍;稳定性检测,核酸试纸条在第6、9和12个月进行检测稳定性一致。 结论 建立的核酸试纸条检测蜡样芽胞杆菌entFM毒素基因灵敏度高、特异性强且具有良好稳定性,适用于快速鉴别蜡样芽胞杆菌entFM毒素基因。  相似文献   
2.
《Vaccine》2022,40(30):4038-4045
PurposeAs protection from COVID-19 following two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine showed a time dependent waning, a third (booster) dose was administrated. This study aims to compare the antibody response following the third dose versus the second and to evaluate post-booster seroconversion.MethodsA prospective observational study conducted in Maccabi Healthcare Services. Serial SARS-CoV-2 Spike IgG tests, 1,2,3 and 6 months following the second vaccine dose and one month following the third were obtained. Neutralizing antibody levels were measured in a subset of participants. Per individual SARS-CoV-2 Spike IgG titer ratios were calculated one month after the booster administration compared to titers one month following the second dose and prior to booster.ResultsAmong 110 participants, 56 (51%) were women. Mean age was 61.7 ± 1.9 years and 66 (60%) were immunocompromised. One month after third dose, IgG titers were induced 7.83 (95 %CI 5.25–11.67) folds and 2.40 (95 %CI 1.90–3.03) folds compared to one month after the second, in the immunocompromised and immunocompetent groups, respectively. Of the 17 immunocompromised participants who were seronegative after the second dose, 4 (24%) became seropositive following the third. Comparing the titers prior to the third dose, an increase of 50.7 (95 %CI 32.5–79.1) fold in the immunocompromised group and 25.7 (95 %CI 19.1–34.7) fold in and immunocompetent group, was observed.ConclusionA third BNT162b2 vaccine elicited robust humoral response, superior to the response observed following the second, among immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals.  相似文献   
3.
IntroductionAlthough hyperferritinemia may reflect the inflammatory status of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), approximately 33% of hyperferritinemia cases reflect real hepatic iron overload.AimTo evaluate a non-invasive method for assessing mild iron overload in patients with NAFLD using 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) relaxometry, serum hepcidin, and the expression of ferritin subunits.MethodsThis cross-sectional study assessed patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD. MRI relaxometry was performed using a 3T scanner in all patients, and the results were compared with iron content determined by liver biopsy. Ferritin, hepcidin, and ferritin subunits were assessed and classified according to ferritin levels and to siderosis identified by liver biopsy.ResultsA total of 67 patients with NAFLD were included in the study. MRI revealed mild iron overload in all patients (sensitivity, 73.5%; specificity, 70%). For mild (grade 1) siderosis, the transverse relaxation rate (R2*) threshold was 58.9 s?1 and the mean value was 72.5 s?1 (SD, 33.9), while for grades 2/3 it was 88.2 s?1 (SD, 31.9) (p < 0.001). The hepcidin threshold for siderosis was > 30.2 ng/mL (sensitivity, 87%; specificity, 82%). Ferritin H and ferritin L subunits were expressed similarly in patients with NAFLD, regardless of siderosis. There were no significant differences in laboratory test results between the groups, including glucose parameters and liver function tests.ConclusionsMRI relaxometry and serum hepcidin accurately assessed mild iron overload in patients with dysmetabolic iron overload syndrome.  相似文献   
4.
Human auditory ossicles, the malleus, the incus, and the stapes, are located in the tympanic cavity in the temporal bone and through forming a chain for the sound transmission from the tympanic membrane to the cochlea, they play an important role in the hearing process. Despite their clinical, phylogenetic, and evolutionary significance, the morphometry of the human ear bones has not been examined systematically. The ear ossicles are the smallest bones of the human skeleton, attaining their final size and morphology already at birth. Initially, they have been found to exhibit minimal morphometric variation, but further studies brought the opposite results. The aim of this study was to examine the morphometric variation of human auditory ossicles recovered from medieval and postmedieval subadult skeletons from Poland, Central Europe. The analysis involved in a total of 166 ear bones. Their measurements were performed on microscopic images using CorelDraw x4, according to a protocol of Quam and Rak with modification of Flohr et al. and Wadhwa et al. Our study showed a significant metric variation in the measurements taken at areas of the greatest morphological variability of the ossicles. We found that greater linear dimensions were associated with lower values of angular measurements. These results reveal the inherent variation found in these supposed functionally constrained structures. Representation of even greater number of populations, time periods, and developmental stages are needed. Further study will expand our understanding of the global scope of variation found in ear ossicular morphology and its functional implications for paleoanthropology.  相似文献   
5.
ObjectivesOur aim was to evaluate the effect of the updated European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) and Mycoses Study Group 2019 definitions for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) on patient classification and the related all-cause 12-week mortality.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study from our tertiary care centre, we reclassified patients with haematological malignancy who underwent bronchoalveolar lavage between 2014 and 2019 for suspected IPA using the novel EORTC 2019 criteria. We performed receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to define the optimal cut-off for positive PCR and galactomannan and present survival analyses and their possible association with these diagnostic criteria through post hoc comparisons with log rank and Cox regression.ResultsFrom 323 episodes of suspected IPA in 282 patients, 73 were reclassified: 31 (42.5%) from possible to probable IPA, 5 (6.8%) from EORTC criteria not met to probable IPA, and 37 (50.7%) from EORTC criteria not met to possible IPA. Probable IPA increased therefore 11.1% (64/323, 19.8% to 100/323, 30.9%), mostly due to positive PCR (31/36, 86.1%). There was no difference in mortality between newly defined possible and probable IPA (log rank p = 0.950). Mortality was higher in probable cases with lower cycle thresholds (Ct values) versus higher Ct values (p = 0.004). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed an optimal Ct value cut-off of 36.8 with a sensitivity of 75% (95% CI 64.9%–85.1%) and a specificity of 61.7% (95% CI 53.5–69.9) for 12-week mortality.DiscussionThe new EORTC criteria led to 11.1% more probable IPA diagnoses, mostly due to Aspergillus PCR. Restricting positive PCR to below a certain threshold might improve the discrimination of the new EORTC IPA categories for mortality.  相似文献   
6.
目的建立一种基于规律成簇的间隔短回文重复序列及其相关蛋白(CRISPR/Cas13a)的乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)共价闭合环状DNA(HBV cccDNA)检测方法。方法提取2017年6月至2020年10月于首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院就诊的4例乙型肝炎患者肝脏总DNA后,使用HindⅢ内切酶和质粒安全性ATP依赖DNA酶(PSAD)分别进行酶切;根据松弛环状DNA(rcDNA)和cccDNA的结构差异,设计特异性扩增HBV cccDNA的引物,对酶切后的产物进行滚环扩增(RCA)和PCR扩增;并筛选crRNA,建立基于CRISPR/Cas13a技术的HBV cccDNA检测新方法。结果利用α-1-抗胰蛋白酶(A1AT)和HBV表面抗原(HBsAg)引物对双重酶切后的产物进行扩增,验证产物中HBV基因组的存在;利用HBV cccDNA和HBV rcDNA引物对PSDA酶切后的产物扩增,验证了产物中只存在HBV cccDNA;利用RCA后的阳性样本作为模板梯度稀释,然后进行PCR扩增转录后使用CRISPR/Cas13a检测,计算出检测下限为10拷贝/μl。结论本研究建立了RCA-PCR-CRISPR-Cas13a的新型检测方法,可对HBV cccDNA进行高灵敏度和高特异性检测,为乙型肝炎患者抗病毒治疗评估、治疗终点的确定以及调整治疗方案提供了有效的监测手段。  相似文献   
7.
目的 通过解剖学观察,揭示颈椎间孔内口区锚链韧带的形态及其分布特征,探讨其与神经根型颈椎病神经卡压之间的关系。 方法 12具成人脊柱颈段防腐标本,正中矢状切开,从脊神经根袖根部切断根袖,在外科显微镜下解剖观察C3/4~C7/T1椎间孔内口处神经根袖周围的锚链韧带,记录韧带的形态、分布、起止点及走行。 结果 120个椎间孔内口脊神经根袖周围共发现560条锚链韧带,所有韧带均呈放射状连于神经根袖与椎间孔内口周围骨膜壁,两端附着紧密,不易分离。各椎间孔内口韧带的数目均≥4个。锚链韧带形态主要包括带形和索形两种。带形韧带258条,宽度(4.5±2.6)mm(4.1~5.2 mm),索形韧带302条,直径(2.5±1.8)mm(1.2~3.8 mm)。C3/4、C7/T1椎间孔内口区韧带较为松散纤细,数量较少;C4/5~C6/7椎间孔内韧带较为坚韧而粗壮,数量较多。 结论 颈椎椎间孔内口区神经根周围存在锚链韧带,将神经根锚定于周围椎间孔骨膜壁,极大限制了神经根自由移动范围,可能与突出椎间盘一起导致神经根卡压,是神经根型颈椎病的潜在解剖学因素。  相似文献   
8.
Urogenital chlamydial infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection. Many cases of chlamydial infection are reported worldwide every year. Genital chlamydial infection in women can also cause obstetric issues, including infertility and miscarriage. For that purpose, appropriate care should be conducted with the latest knowledge.Only few guidelines come from Asian countries. The Asian Association of Urinary Tract Infection and Sexually Transmitted Infection (AAUS) belonging to the Urological Association of Asia (UAA) had developed the guidelines regarding chlamydial urethritis. We have collected the feedback and updated the guidelines which is now submitted for consideration of publication. In addition to the levels of evidence, the recommendation grades were defined using the modified GRADE methodology. Herein, we present the new edition of the UAA-AAUS guidelines for chlamydial urethritis.  相似文献   
9.
Tuberculosis remains a major public health concern. Millions of tuberculosis cases and associated deaths have been reported worldwide. The Indo-Oceanic lineage Mycobacterium tuberculosis is common in Southeast Asia and causes extrapulmonary lesions. Only a few case studies on this lineage with genetic analysis using whole-genome sequencing have been reported in the literature. We present a case of disseminated tuberculosis, characterized by a variety of extrapulmonary lesions and paradoxical reactions, caused by the Indo-Oceanic lineage M. tuberculosis in a woman in Myanmar. A 22-year-old Burmese woman had arthritis in the right knee, with unknown aetiology, and was referred to our hospital. Computed tomography of the trunk revealed multiple nodular shadows in both lungs; swollen mediastinal lymph nodes; and small, low-density areas in the spleen. M. tuberculosis was detected in the sputum sample, joint aspirate, subcutaneous tumor, and exudate. She experienced a variety of paradoxical reactions together with aggressive tuberculosis dissemination in all areas of the body. Whole-genome sequencing of the DNA of MTB obtained from sputum and the right cervical subcutaneous abscess confirmed the Indo-Oceanic lineage of M. tuberculosis, the predominant strain in Myanmar. The Indo-Oceanic lineage M. tuberculosis causes disseminated tuberculosis all over the body including the periungual region. When patients show unusual symptoms, physicians should consider the introduction of new strains from foreign countries. Genetic analyses of the strains are recommended to define and confirm the lineages.  相似文献   
10.
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号