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1.
电磁导航支气管镜在肺外周病变诊断及治疗的临床应用 《首都医科大学学报》2022,43(4):570-575
随着低剂量螺旋电子计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT)应用于肺癌高危人群中的筛查越来越普及,肺外周病变(peripheral pulmonary lesions,PPLs)发现概率也随之增加。电磁导航支气管镜(electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy,ENB)是一种能够进行肺部外周病变诊断、定位及治疗的工具,由于它的安全性和可靠性更高,ENB在未来有可能会改变肺部疾病的诊断和治疗方式,从而缓解病情甚至治愈肺癌,为肺癌的治疗开辟了新的路径。 相似文献
2.
《Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR》2022,33(4):384-391.e7
PurposeTo evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of a radiation-free implantation of a thoracic aortic stent graft employing fiberoptic and electromagnetic tracking in an anthropomorphic phantom.Materials and MethodsAn anthropomorphic phantom was manufactured based on computed tomography (CT) angiography data from a patient. An aortic stent graft application system was equipped with a fiber Bragg gratings and 3 electromagnetic sensors. The stent graft was navigated in the phantom by 3 interventionalists using the tracking data generated by both technologies. One implantation procedure was performed. The technical success of the procedure was evaluated using digital subtraction angiography and CT angiography (before and after the intervention). Tracking accuracy was determined at various anatomical landmarks based on separately acquired fluoroscopic images. The mean/maximum errors were measured for the stent graft application system and the tip/end of the stent graft.ResultsThe procedure resulted in technical success with a mean error below 3 mm for the entire application system and <2 mm for the position of the tip of the stent graft. Navigation/implantation and handling of the device were rated sufficiently accurate and on par with comparable, routinely used stent graft application systems.ConclusionsThe study demonstrates successful stent graft implantation during a thoracic endovascular aortic repair procedure employing advanced guidance techniques and avoiding fluoroscopic imaging. This is an essential step in facilitating the implantation of stent grafts and reducing the health risks associated with ionizing radiation during endovascular procedures. 相似文献
3.
为了治疗药物难治性癫痫,提出一种无线闭环迷走神经刺激器及系统,包括头戴式头皮脑电记录器、迷走神经刺激器、电磁耦合能量发射器和控制应用App,设计一种可以分离局部场电位和动作电位的生物信号前置放大器,一种刺激脉冲参数可调的迷走神经刺激器,一种电磁耦合能量发射器以及一个控制应用App。使用海岸线参数检测算法判定癫痫脑电信号的产生。测试结果表明,生物信号前置放大器对局部场电位和动作电位的放大增益分别为40和60 dB。迷走神经刺激器接收到来自控制应用App的刺激参数后,可以产生对应参数的双极性刺激脉冲。当发射器发射功率为30 dBm,发射线圈和接收线圈距离2 cm时,电磁耦合能量传输效率最大为15.4%。海岸线参数算法的正检率为88%。 相似文献
4.
BackgroundExplosion fatalities are the severest type of violent crimes. These involve the use of explosive devices in terrorist like activities in confined spaces in civilian or military settings, with mass number of people present all around. A stark dearth of literature for the forensic interpretation of such catastrophes is astonishing.PurposeCharacterization of the pattern of the multitude of injuries in explosions in confined spaces as guide for investigations and growth of literature on this entity.MethodologyA review of the archives of the forensic examinations of mass fatalities due to an explosion in a metro car was undertaken. It was combined with the reconstruction of the events by developing a three-dimensional model of this incident that involved seventeen fatalities.ResultsAll the decedents showed differential pattern of fatal injuries under the influence of damaging explosion factors (DEFs). The causative forces were characterized as gas-detonation (in all the cases), damaging effect by shock waves (59% of the cases), and impact of fragmentation and collision of the body (thrown off) with nearby objects. Traumatic effect due to shrapnel as well as blunt force was noted in 82% of the cases. Gross destruction of head due to combined effect of gas-detonation and fragmentation was seen in 29% of the cases.ConclusionAn interpretation of the nature and pattern of injuries in confined space explosions can help to estimate the location of deceased/s with respect to the epicenter and the type of DEFs. 相似文献
5.
为了保证电子设备在复杂的电磁环境中正常运行,需要对其进行电磁防护。传统的电磁防护方法尽管已取得较好的防护效果,但是还存在一定的不足。为了弥补传统电磁防护的不足,本研究提出基于神经抗扰机制的电磁仿生方法,并具体提出基于神经元抗扰机制的新型方波发生器。采用最接近生物神经元电生理活动的数学模型Hodgkin-Huxley模型对新型方波发生器进行设计。利用Matlab的Simulink工具箱搭建方波发生器的仿真程序,分析方波信号占空比的特性,得到模型参数对占空比的影响程度。基于田口方法的望小特性优化方波发生器的模型参数,从而得到特定占空比。该方波发生器可为智能电子设备提供稳定可靠的方波信号。 相似文献
6.
目的:探讨脉冲电磁场通过Wntβ-catenin信号转导机制改善膝骨关节炎大鼠炎症反应的机制。方法:选取90只SD大鼠,均分为正常组、模型组和脉冲电磁场组,除正常组,其余各组均构建膝骨关节炎模型。测定各组大鼠局部皮温、膝关节周径和Lequesne MG评分;采取甲苯胺蓝染色进行Mankins评分;Western Blot检测软骨细胞凋亡调控蛋白Caspase-3和Caspase-8水平;ELISA法测定滑膜IL-1β、MMP-13、TNF-α表达;并检测Wnt和β-catenin mRNA和蛋白表达差异;检测大鼠线粒体膜电位。结果:与正常组相比,模型组大鼠膝关节局部皮温、膝关节周径、Lequesne MG评分、Mankins评分、Wntβ-catenin表达以及滑膜IL-1β、MMP-13、TNF-α水平均上调(P<0.05);与模型组比较,脉冲电磁场组膝关节周径、Lequesne MG评分,Mankins评分、Wntβ-catenin表达以及滑膜IL-1β、MMP-13、TNF-α水平均下调(P<0.05)。相较于正常组,其余2组的关节软骨线粒体膜电位均有所下调。与模型组相比,脉冲电磁场组线粒体膜电位有所上调,脉冲电磁场组优于模型组。结论:脉冲电磁场能抑制膝骨关节炎模型大鼠炎症反应,有效修复软骨损伤,降低炎症因子表达,抑制Wntβ-catenin信号转导。 相似文献
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《The Journal for Nurse Practitioners》2022,18(4):372-376
The effects of climate change include floods, hurricanes, heat waves, and fires; these natural disasters can result in respiratory, cardiovascular, and psychological harm in older adults, who experience the highest morbidity and mortality during heat waves. Advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) need education on preparing, assessing, and treating older adults for climate-change disasters, especially heat waves. This article will help APRNs understand the effects of climate-change events on the vulnerable older adults and advocates for the need to integrate health effects of climate change into curricula, practicums, policy, and research agendas. 相似文献
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