Vaccine innovation model: A technology transfer perspective in pandemic contexts

This work identifies the innovations that made it possible for the Bio-Manguinhos/Fiocruz Immunobiological Technology Institute to engage in the entire production of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine (ChAdOx1 nCov-19) in Brazil, just 1.8 years after the COVID-19 pandemic was declared. The results were summarized in a case-based innovation model composed of 11 workstreams, 32 stages, 22 gates, 11 innovations, and 38 events. In terms of research contributions, three were found: (i) the identification of firm and government-level innovations allowing the substantial reduction in the COVID-19 vaccine time-to-market in Brazil; (ii) the presentation of empirical evidence supporting the new Outbreak Paradigm for vaccine research, development, and production; and (iii) the proposition of a conceptual model for describing innovations through the vaccine value chain in pandemic contexts, particularly when technology transfer is involved.     

Innovating medication reviews through a technology-enabled process

Medication reviews are effective in improving the quality of medication use among older people. However, they are conducted to various standards resulting in a wide range of outcomes which limit generalisability of findings arising from research studies. There also appear to be funding and time constraints, lack of data storage for quality improvement purposes, and non-standardised reporting of outcomes, especially clinically relevant outcomes. Furthermore, the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has restricted many face-to-face activities, including medication reviews. This article introduces a technology-enabled approach to medication reviews that may overcome some limitations with current medication review processes, and also make it possible to conduct medication reviews during the COVID-19 pandemic by providing an alternate platform. The possible advantages of this technology-enabled approach, legislative considerations and possible implementation in practice are discussed.     

The seasonal and monthly distribution of body limbs affected by burns in paediatric patients in southeast Turkey

Studies on the frequency of burned limbs according to season and months are limited. The burning of some body limbs, especially in some months, shows that the causes of burns are different, and knowing the reasons is important for providing preventive measures. The aims of this study were to determine the distribution rate of child burns by months and seasons and to contribute to preventive measures by determining the distribution of the burning of body limbs by months. We retrospectively evaluated 419 paediatric patients (0‐17 years of age) who were hospitalised in the burn unit between 1 May 2017 and 1 November 2018. The demographic characteristics of the patients were recorded according to age, gender, months, and seasons of the patients admitted; cause of burns; degree of burns; total body surface area; and burning regions. The distribution of burns by months was established as being mainly in May to October. As for the distribution of the patients according to the seasons, it was found that it was most common in summer, 122 (29.1%), and in the autumn season as well, it was 122 (29.1%). While body burns increased in the summer‐autumn seasons (P < .023), genital area burns were the lowest in winter and were the highest in summer and autumn seasons. Genital site burns increased statistically in September, October, and November (P < .010). Burn traumas are observed to be more frequent in some seasons and months. The environments where individuals live, forms of life, forms of warming, areas of interest, and sociocultural and economic levels are the causes of this variability.     

中外康复治疗学专业教育现状分析与启示

随着我国经济社会的发展和人口老龄化的趋势,康复技术人才的需求快速增长。与发达国家先进的康复教育水平相比,我国亟需借鉴成熟的康复治疗专业学科建设经验。通过介绍国内外康复治疗专业的学位模式、课程设置和执业资格,对比分析目前我国高校康复人才培养过程中存在的主要问题,为完善康复治疗学专业建设提供可行的建议。     

教育信息化2.0背景下网络教育的现状及对策思考——以陕西省为例

《教育信息化2.0行动计划》发布以来,全国各地积极推动教育信息化的发展,网络教育变得越来越普及。虽然网络教育在发展的过程中也越来越完善,但是还存在着一些问题。文章通过分析陕西省网络教育的现状,总结目前存在的问题并提出相应的对策,有助于更好地发展和完善网络教育,为教育信息化的发展提供借鉴。     

校友资源在高校大学生创新创业教育发展中的情况调查研究

为研究校友资源在高校大学生创新创业教育发展中情况,采用个案调查方法对校友资源在大学生创新创业教育发展中情况进行调查,调查内容涉及影响大学生创新创业意识、动机、教育培养、校友资源运用等多个方面,调查结果运用SPASS软件进行统计分析,最后从高校校友资源角度对高校大学生创新创业发展提出意见建议,以期为高校校友资源在高校创新创业教育发展中提供借鉴和参考。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下死亡病例报告分析的现状、思考与建议

医生在日常临床工作中,死亡病例讨论是必不可少的工作内容之一,而在突发公共卫生事件中,对死亡病例的报告与分析则有更深远的意义。新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情为我国带来巨大损失,医疗系统承受巨大压力,而战胜疫情的有利武器便是医疗数据及相关科学研究,死亡病例的系统分析与高效利用是关键一步。该文基于疫情下死亡病例报告记录不完善、人文视角与患者报告缺乏等现状,针对各部门机构面临巨大的数据管理压力,相关制度有待完善,规范化报告和临床科研一体化工作尚不成熟等问题提出方法学思考与建议:①建立国家医药健康数据中心,完善相关法律法规;②加大医药数据管理投入,疫情期间尽早开始数据收集与分析;③完善死亡病例报告相关内容,促进规范化报告形成;④重视死亡病例报告,回顾总结分析,强调疫情过后继续建立并完善相关平台与方案,开展相关科学研究,提升健康卫生数据管理效率,提高医疗系统抗风险能力,促进健康中国战略稳步前进。