基于合作对象探讨我国学术期刊专题/专栏建设

【目的】 了解学术期刊专题/专栏建设的现状,以切实发挥学术期刊专题/专栏建设的作用,为期刊的品牌建设、学术创新、影响力提升和办刊质量提高提供策略。【方法】 采用问卷调查法,对全国范围内397名专题/专栏合作对象(包括期刊主编、编委、审稿人、作者)进行调查,了解他们对期刊专题/专栏建设的态度和意见,从合作对象视角探讨影响学术期刊专题/专栏建设成功率和有效性的因素。【结果】 合作对象态度上,表示支持专题/专栏建设工作的比例较高(71.28%),但供稿率不高(43.37%),存在态度和行为分离的现象。排名前5的供稿率影响因素是期刊被本专业领域研究者认可、期刊被数据库收录情况、期刊影响力、期刊品牌、期刊的处理速度。最优的约稿方式是行业内的学术带头人联系约稿,其次是熟识的专家委托和期刊主编亲自联系进行约稿。合作对象最希望获得的帮助是稿件快速审理发表和确定选题方向。【结论】 为提高学术期刊专题/专栏建设质量,应进一步挖掘重要合作对象的作用,有针对性地选择高供稿率的合作对象;努力挖掘和利用影响合作对象供稿的因素,在期刊品牌建设、扩大影响力方面下功夫;优化约稿方式方法,重视行业学术带头人的作用;同时通过稿件快速审理发表、帮助确定选题并提供发表后推广等服务,提高合作对象对专题/专栏建设工作的认可度和参与度。     

Dr PK Sen TAI gold medal oration

The current write-up is for Dr P.K.Sen TAI Gold Medal Oration Award for 2020 conferred to Dr Rupak Singla and delivered on 19 th December 2020. The title chosen for the oration was “Introduction and scale up of new anti-TB drugs in India: role of NITRD.? However, in the oration the role this institute has played for overall scale up of Drug-resistant TB services in India under National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) at different times from the beginning of national TB programme has also been presented. National Institute of TB and Respiratory Diseases has travelled with our country from beginning of DR-TB care. It demonstrated for the first time use of a Standardized Treatment Regimen with second line drugs for MDR-TB in field conditions. NITRD assisted NTEP for the concept of DST guided treatment. This institute guided NTEP for the management of MDR-TB failure patients with Pre-XDR and XDR-TB. Also, NITRD assisted India for the introduction of newer DR-TB drugs and scale up of newer drugs across the country. The strength of NITRD include clinical expertise, laboratory support and training division. NITRD commitment is strong and will continue to support NTEP for all endeavors in future also.     

Tibial acceleration and shock attenuation while running over different surfaces in a trail environment

ObjectivesIncreased tibial axial acceleration and reduced shock attenuation are associated with running injuries and are believed to be influenced by surface type. Trail running has increased in popularity and is thought to have softer surface properties than paved surface, but it is unclear if trail surfaces influence tibial acceleration and shock attenuation. The purpose of this study was to investigate peak triaxial and resultant tibial acceleration as well as axial and resultant shock attenuation among dirt, gravel, and paved surfaces.DesignFifteen recreational runners (12 females, 3 males, age = 27.7 ± 9.1 years) ran over dirt, gravel, and paved surfaces in a trail environment while instrumented with triaxial tibial and head accelerometers.MethodsDifferences between tri-planar peak tibial accelerations (braking, propulsion, axial, medial, lateral, and resultant) and shock attenuations (axial and resultant) among surface types were assessed with one-way ANOVAs with Bonferroni post-hoc tests.ResultsNo significant differences were found for tibial accelerations or shock attenuations among surface types (p > 0.05).ConclusionsDirt and gravel trail running surfaces do not have lower tibial accelerations or greater shock attenuation than paved surfaces. While runners are encouraged to enjoy the psychological benefits of trail running, trail surfaces do not appear to reduce loading forces associated with running-related injuries.     

期刊评审人危机的化解机制:认证、认定与激励

【目的】 探索期刊评审人危机的化解方法。【方法】 分析引起评审人危机的原因,并对认证、认定和激励评审人的可行性进行分析,提出一些具体的执行方案。【结果】 科技期刊可从以下方面化解评审人危机:提高评审过程的开放性和透明性;将评审报告标注DOI号,使其变成可被引用的文献,并与评审人的ORCID关联;借鉴新的社交媒体平台的认证、认定和激励机制,构建期刊同行评审工作认证平台,对评审工作进行认证和记录关联;对评审人工作的量和质进行评价和奖惩激励。【结论】 结合上述认证、认定和激励措施,一方面可以解决传统同行评审的弊端,避免学术欺诈和虚假评审问题;另一方面将允许有更多合格的研究人员自愿参与学术期刊的同行评审;再者,通过激励可以使评审人更快、更高效、更富信誉和建设性地进行评审,从而促进期刊和科学的发展。     

现行论文作者署名制度存在的问题及对策建议

【目的】 梳理归纳现行论文作者署名制度存在的主要问题并提出相应的对策。【方法】 采用网络调查法、文献调研法,从科技期刊、科研管理机构、资助机构及研究人员等视角对现行论文作者署名制度进行分析。【结果】 作者署名制度存在作者身份标准缺乏统一性、作者贡献揭示程度低、未能涵盖所有的贡献角色等问题,可以从建立通用的作者身份标准、采用CRediT贡献分类法、与ORCID建立关联、建立健全科研评价指标体系四个方面进行补充完善。【结论】 提高作者贡献的透明性和可获取性,为研究人员的职称评定、绩效考核、项目申请等提供基于具体贡献的评价指标。     

Evaluación del impacto de un plan multisectorial de promoción de la salud y el bienestar social en Andalucía

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of the Plan for the promotion of personal autonomy and prevention of disability in Andalusia (2016-2020) in 13 public administrations during the first year of its implementation; and to analyse the usability and feasibility of the impact assessment ladder used.MethodThe Plan addresses the promotion of personal autonomy and the prevention of disabilities and dependencies through a multisectoral approach. It is structured in strands or lines of work, objectives and actions that have been assessed through the Adoption Impact Ladder (AIL). The analysis of the face validity, feasibility and inter-rater reliability of the impact assessment ladder was carried out in 30 actions of the Plan that were rated by 20 experts from the 13 ministries and public agencies involved in the Plan, and an external rater.Results176 actions and programmes were launched in 2017. Of these, 67.2% were implemented during the first year. Only one of the 16 objectives had no action initiated during the first year. Moreover, 7 out of 15 objectives implemented were fully multisectoral involving more than three Regional Ministries. The face validity, feasibility and inter-rater reliability of the AIL were good (κ: 0.72).ConclusionsThis Plan has provided a novel framework to coordinate a broad range of proposed policies and actions within the public administration of Andalusia. For the first time, a multisectoral impact analysis has been conducted providing an effective guide for monitoring, planning and setting public priorities in health, social services, ageing and disabilities.     

Do humor styles predict clinical response to the MINDSET (MINDfulneSs & EducaTion) program? A pilot study in patients with fibromyalgia

Background and aimHumor has been described as an effective coping strategy for dealing with chronic pain conditions; likewise, coping strategies predict some clinical outcomes after cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based interventions. The present study aims to preliminarily explore the role of humor styles in predicting clinical changes after the multicomponent intervention (MINDSET) that combines mindfulness and psychoeducation for fibromyalgia (FM) patients.Material and methodsA subsample of 35 patients with FM of the EUDAIMON study, a randomized controlled trial, was used for the present study; linear regressions and Spearman's correlations were computed.ResultsAffiliative humor and positive/negative ratio humor styles had a unique predictive effect on self-reported clinical changes. Significant correlations between humor styles with functional impact and mindfulness facets were observed.ConclusionsSome humor styles may imply a better disposition in patients to learn and implement the concepts and resources that the intervention offered.     

渐进式PBL在神经病学教学中的应用效果评估

目的 研究渐进式以问题为基础的学习（problem-based learning, PBL）在神经病学教学中的应用效果。方法 将110名5年制本科生随机分为传统教学（lecture-based learning, LBL）组和渐进式PBL教学组，每组55名学生。教学内容包括基础知识、临床技能、病例剖析和文献检索。渐进式PBL教学按引入阶段、过渡阶段、PBL阶段渐进式教学。教学结束分别以理论知识、实践技能考试成绩及问卷调查作为指标，比较LBL组和渐进式PBL教学组的教学质量。并采用Pearson χ2检验分析学生性别、生源地城乡属性、相关学科知识基础掌握程度和组内贡献对渐进式PBL教学考试成绩的影响。结果 渐进式PBL组理论知识成绩显著低于LBL组[(78.49±3.15) vs.( 81.94±5.37)，T=-4.11，P<0.001]，临床技能操作成绩[(86.34±9.16) vs.( 80.96±7.85)，T=1.63，0.002相似文献