基于骨免疫微环境探讨补肾活血方防治绝经后骨质疏松症的研究进展

骨质疏松症（OP）是我国人群中最常见的多发病,好发于绝经后的老年妇女,增加了患者骨折的风险。绝经后骨质疏松症（PMOP）是一种以骨量减少和骨折风险增加为特征的全身性疾病,主要是绝经后雌激素水平显著降低导致的。除了雌激素缺乏对骨骼的直接负面影响外,绝经后妇女免疫状态的改变间接导致骨骼的持续破坏,因为绝经后妇女通常表现出慢性低级别炎症表型,细胞因子表达和免疫细胞谱发生改变。PMOP已严重危害我国女性健康。补肾活血方是一种应用广泛的补肾活血中药,近年来,随着我国临床医师与患者越来越重视中医药,补肾活血方被应用于多种疾患,包括骨科的多种疾病,其对PMOP的防治效果亦明显。该文基于骨免疫微环境,以骨代谢对PMOP产生影响为基础,论述补肾活血方的作用机制。     

益气活血通便方对慢传输型便秘大鼠的治疗作用及机制

目的：探讨益气活血通便方对慢传输型便秘(STC)大鼠的治疗作用及机制。方法：采用盐酸洛哌丁胺灌胃法建立STC大鼠模型,设定正常组、模型组、莫沙必利组、益气活血通便方低、中、高剂量组(3.51、7.02、14.04 g·kg^-1)给药后观察各组大鼠一般体征变化、计算粪便含水率及肠道推进率;采用苏木素-伊红染色观察结肠组织黏膜炎症改变;采用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测各组大鼠结肠P物质(SP)、血管活性肠肽(VIP)含量;采用免疫组织化学法和蛋白免疫印迹法检测大鼠结肠组织水通道蛋白(AQP)3、AQP4、AQP8和c-Kit蛋白灰度值,通过16S r RNA高通量测序检测肠道菌群变化。结果：经过益气活血通便方给药治疗10 d后,与模型组比较,益气活血通便方不同剂量组和莫沙必利组大鼠的粪便含水率和肠道推进率均显著增加(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,益气活血通便方中、高剂量组和莫沙必利组大鼠结肠无明显黏膜炎症改变,杯状细胞排列较规整无断裂、数量较多。益气活血通便方中、高剂量组和莫沙必利组血清中SP含量明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),VIP明显降低(P&...     

血瘀证与血管内皮细胞内游离钙浓度关系的实验研究

目的：研究血瘀证与血管内皮细胞内游离钙浓度的关系,观察不同复方（活血化瘀复方、益气活血复方、理气活血复方）对血内皮细胞内游离钙浓度的影响。方法：以大鼠为研究对象,给予高胆固醇和高脂饲料喂养建立血瘀证动物模型,分为6组,观察组分别给予硝苯地平、活血化瘀复方、益气活血复方、理气活血复方。下腔静脉取血,测血清钙、血清总胆固醇和三酰甘油,Fura-2/Am标记,荧光测定血管内皮细胞内游离钙浓度。结果：①造模组与对照比较,血清钙明显升高（P＜0．05）。②所有复方均具有钙通道阻断剂样作用,能增加细胞外钙浓度,与造模组比较差异显著（P＜0．05）。③造模组与对照组比较,胞内游离钙浓度明显升高（P＜0．05）,益气活血复方能使造模运动血管内皮细胞内游离钙浓度降低,与造模组比较差异显著（P＜0．05）。结论：①血瘀证血管内皮细胞内游离钙浓度升高,血瘀证的形成可能与血管内皮细胞的屏障功能下降有关。②益气活血复方能降低胞内游离钙浓度,具有血管内皮保护作用。     

补肾活血方对老龄去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症模型骨密度和骨代谢的影响

目的：探讨补肾活血方治疗原发性骨质疏松症的疗效。方法：10月龄SD雌性鼠去卵巢建立绝经后骨质疏松模型。予以补肾活血方、尼尔雌醇水溶液灌胃治疗8周，观察有关指标的改变。结果：大鼠去卵巢后，含密度明显下降，模型复制成功。补肾活血方明显改善去卵巢大鼠的一般形态，显著提高去卵巢大鼠腰椎含密度，抑制卵巢大鼠尿羟脯氨酸／肌酐、尿钙／肌酐、血清骨钙素水平，而对血清尼尔雌醇水平未见明显影响。结论：补肾活血方可延缓实验性骨质疏松大鼠的含量丢失，改善其含代谢；此作用不是通过升高雌激素水平实现的。     

中西医结合治疗急性脑梗塞疗效观察

根据中医血水相关理论 ,拟定活血利水煎为基本方 ,配用西药以防严重并发症 ,治疗急性脑梗塞 85例 ,并设单纯西药治疗组 6 0例作对照。结果表明 ,治疗组的临床疗效较对照组有非常显著性差异 (P <0 0 1) ,中药活血利水煎具有改善血液流变性 ,降高血压、高血糖、高血脂的作用。活血利水为脑梗塞急性期治疗大法     

活血生津煎剂对免疫缺陷小鼠免疫功能的调节作用

目的观察活血生津煎剂对免疫缺陷小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法以免疫抑制剂环磷酰胺(Cy)处理 BALB/C 小鼠,而获得免疫缺陷小鼠模型。实验组受试药物为活血生津煎剂,设高剂量组、中剂量组和低剂量组,同时选六味地黄汤作为阳性对照药。结果与环磷酰胺组比较,活血生津煎剂高剂量组及阳性对照组小鼠胸腺指数增加,NK 细胞活性提高,动物血清溶血素抗体水平增加,TNF-αIL-2、IL-6 活性提高,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论活血生津煎剂多角度提高免疫低下小鼠的细胞和体液免疫功能。     

益肾补气活血法对脑缺血及再灌注大鼠脑水肿、自由基的影响

[目的]从缺血再灌注损伤的主要病理过程出发,研究了益肾补气活血法对脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。[方法]用日龄62d的Wistar大鼠采用Warner方法做成脑缺血再灌注模型,平行观察假手术、盐水对照、益肾补气活血法对照3个组脑组织自由基和脑含水量的变化。[结果]益肾补气活血法中药组脑组织自由基和脑含水量明显低于盐水组。[结论]益肾补气活血法在一定程度上可以抑制自由基的产生及连锁反应的发生,促进神经细胞结构及功能的恢复,延缓神经细胞的坏死,具有治疗的多向性及疗效的准确性。     

涤痰化瘀法治疗慢性肺源性心脏病急性期临床观察

慢性肺源性心脏病中医属于肺胀范畴,是一种比较常见的心脏病,采用部分涤痰、活血化瘀药物配合西医治疗慢性肺源性心脏病的急性发作并进行疗效观察,结果发现这些药物的应用,能够明显提高肺心病急发期的治疗效果,现总结如下.     

Intervention Effects of Jianpi Liqi Huoxue Decoction (健脾理气活血汤) on Lipid Peroxidative Liver Injury by Alcohol

Objective: To study the intervention effects of Jianpi Liqi Huoxue Decoction ( 健脾理气活血汤, JLHD) on lipid peroxidative liver injury induced by alcohol. Methods: The rat alcoholic model of liver disease (ALD) induced by Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet was established. Thirty-two male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: the normal group ( n = 5), the control group ( n = 9), the model group ( n = 9) and the JLHD group (n = 9). From the 4th week after modeling, the rats were given JLHD or distilled water by gastrogavage respectively, and the samples of blood and liver tissues were taken out from the rats for determination by the end of the 8th week. The hepatic pathological changes were observed with HE staining; the liver injury related indices, including activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) activity and triglyceride (TG) content in liver tissues, as well as the lipid peroxidation related indices, including malonaldehyde (MDA) content and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in liver tissue, serum Fe2 level, and the anti-peroxidation capacity related indices, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathion ( GSH) content and reactive oxygen species (antiROS) activity in liver tissues were determined. Results: ( 1 ) There were obvious figures of fatty degeneration and inflammatory infiltration in liver tissues of the model group. As compared with the control group, in the model group, the activity of ALT and AST, and Fe2 content in serum, γ-GT and NOS activity, TG and MDA content in liver tissues were significantly higher ( P＜0.01 ), while the activity of SOD, GSH and anti-ROS in liver tissues were significantly lower ( P＜0.01 ). (2) The fatty degeneration and inflammatory infiltration of liver tissues in the JLHD group were significantly lessen as compared with those in the model group; and the abnormalities of all the indexes revealed in the model rats were restored to certain extent in the JLHD group,and especially significant were the levels of ALT activity, MDA content and Fe2 , which were nearly normal.Conclusion: JLHD has significant effects against alcoholic liver injury, the acting mechanism of which is likely to be related with its anti-lipid peroxidative effect.     

活血通脉汤防治全膝关节置换术后深静脉血栓33例

目的探讨自拟中药活血通脉汤预防全膝关节置换术(TKA)后深静脉栓塞的效果。方法33例住院患者,均予以全膝关节置换术后第一天给予活血通脉汤口服每日1剂,同时进行CPM机功能锻炼和配合足底和下肢静脉泵,手术后7天做下肢彩色多普勒检查,观察血栓形成与否。结果8侧下肢彩色多普勒检查显示深静脉形成。结果33例患中6例8侧出现DVT占18·6%;比较无任何预防措施的TKA术后DVT发生率有明显降低。所有病例均无肺栓塞临床表现。结论利用中药活血通脉汤防治人工膝关节术后深静脉血栓形成有效。