Late-life consequences of short-term exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and diisononyl phthalate during adulthood in female mice

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a known endocrine disruptor and diisononyl phthalate (DiNP) is a common DEHP replacement chemical. However, little is known about late-life consequences due to DEHP or DiNP exposure during adulthood. Thus, this study tested the hypothesis that adult exposure to DEHP or DiNP affects female reproductive parameters during late-life in female mice. Female CD-1 mice (age 39–40 days) were dosed with either vehicle control, DEHP (20 μg/kg/day–200 mg/kg/day), or DiNP (20 μg/kg/day–200 mg/kg/day) for 10 days and breeding trials were conducted at 12 and 15 months post-dosing. Further, ovaries and sera were collected at 12, 15, and 18 months post-dosing. DEHP and DiNP disrupted estrous cyclicity, increased pregnancy loss, decreased fertility, altered the sex ratio of pups, altered ovarian follicle populations, and disrupted hormone levels. Collectively, these data show that short-term exposure to DEHP or DiNP during adulthood has long-term consequences in late-life.     

自身免疫性胶质纤维酸性蛋白星形胶质细胞病

自身免疫性胶质纤维酸性蛋白星形胶质细胞病是一种可治的中枢神经系统自身免疫性炎性疾病,以脑膜、脑、脊髓和视神经等受累为主要表现,磁共振成像可见脑室旁线样放射状强化和(或)脊髓长节段受累伴中央强化病灶,脑活体组织检查提示小血管周围炎症伴小胶质细胞活化,对类固醇激素治疗敏感.胶质纤维酸性蛋白抗体被认为是本病的特异性生物标志物.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者围术期多项血清应激状态相关指标变化观察

目的:分析腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床疗效,分析其对血清应激指标的影响。方法:将160例来我院行胆囊切除术的患者随机分为两组,对照组和观察组各80例。对照组采用开腹胆囊切除术,观察组则采用腹腔镜胆囊切除术。比较两组间手术时间、术中出血量、肠功能恢复时间以及住院天数差异,比较治疗前后两组患者间血清应激相关指标皮质醇(COR)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)、多巴胺(DA)以及胰岛素(INS)、三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、甲状腺素(T4)、促甲状腺激素释放激素(TSH)水平差异。结果:观察组患者手术时间、术中出血量、肠功能恢复时间以及住院天数均显著少于对照组(P<0.05)。血清COR、NE、ACTH、DA和INS、T3水平在围手术期均发生了显著变化,各项指标均在胆囊分离时就明显升高,术后24 h开始下降(P<0.05);术后观察组上述指标均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:腹腔镜胆囊切除术对机体应激反应影响小于开腹手术,更利于患者术后康复。     

Sex differences in anxiety and depression clinical perspectives

Sex differences are prominent in mood and anxiety disorders and may provide a window into mechanisms of onset and maintenance of affective disturbances in both men and women. With the plethora of sex differences in brain structure, function, and stress responsivity, as well as differences in exposure to reproductive hormones, social expectations and experiences, the challenge is to understand which sex differences are relevant to affective illness. This review will focus on clinical aspects of sex differences in affective disorders including the emergence of sex differences across developmental stages and the impact of reproductive events. Biological, cultural, and experiential factors that may underlie sex differences in the phenomenology of mood and anxiety disorders are discussed.     

自拟安胃汤联合兰索拉唑对老年胃溃疡患者胃肠激素及IL-6水平的影响

目的探讨老年胃溃疡患者给予自拟安胃汤联合兰索拉唑治疗对胃肠激素及白细胞介素(IL-6)水平的影响。方法选取2018年1月至2020年12月在本院治疗的老年胃溃疡患者84例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分成观察组(42例)和对照组(42例),对照组给予兰索拉唑治疗,观察组给予自拟安胃汤联合兰索拉唑治疗,比较两组患者胃肠激素及IL-6水平。结果两组治疗后胃泌素(GAS)、胃动素(MOT)水平明显提高(P<0.05),观察组水平较对照组明显更高(P<0.05);两组治疗后IL-6水平明显降低(P<0.05),与对照组相比,观察组明显更低(P<0.05)。结论老年胃溃疡患者给予自拟安胃汤联合兰索拉唑治疗,能够改善胃肠激素及IL-6水平,应用价值较高。     

绝经后女性内源性性激素及血脂水平与乳腺癌的关系

目的:探讨绝经后女性内源性性激素及血脂水平与乳腺癌的关系以及作为预测指标的可行性。方法:收集2011年7月—2014年6月期间手术治疗的绝经后女性乳腺癌患者274例(乳腺癌组)与同期因其他疾病收治的非乳腺疾病的绝经后患者279例(对照组);比较两组间性激素与血脂水平的差异,分析可能的乳腺癌预测指标。结果:乳腺癌组的雌二醇(E2)与睾酮(T)水平明显高于对照组(均P0.05),其他性激素与血脂指标两组间差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05)。分层分析显示,随E2与T水平升高,乳腺癌发病率增加,其中E2水平对乳腺癌的预测有较好的敏感性和特异性,受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC)为0.730(95%CI=0.649~0.811),但T水平的预测作用不明显。结论:E2与T水平与绝经后女性乳腺癌有关,其中E2水平可作为预测因子之一,但尚未达到良好或者优秀标准。     

无精症患者的遗传因素与性激素水平的临床分析

目的探讨无精症患者的遗传因素与性激素水平的关系。方法选取本院2015年7月至2019年9月被确诊为无精症的113例患者作为试验组,30例精子数量正常人作为对照组,分别进行外周血染色体核型、Y染色体AZF微缺失以及性激素检测。结果在113例无精症患者中检出染色体异常核型36例(31.9%),异常核型具体如下:47,XXY共21例(58.3%)、性反转共6例(16.7%)、易位共1例(2.8%)、倒位共2例(5.6%)、Y缺失共1例(2.8%)、性染色体嵌合共1例(2.8%)、染色体多态共4例(11.1%),对照组未检出异常,试验组患者的染色体核型异常率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组Y染色体AZF微缺失16例(14.2%),其中AZFa缺失1例(6.3%),AZFb缺失2例(12.5%),AZFc缺失6例(37.5%),AZFb+AZFc缺失4例(25.0%),AZFa+AZFb+AZFc缺失3例(18.8%),对照组未见异常。试验组患者的AZF微缺失异常率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组的促卵泡生成素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)与催乳素(PRL)水平均显著高于对照组,试验组患者的睾酮(T)水平显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。异常染色体核型患者中47,XXY(Klinefelter综合征)发生率最高。异常核型患者中46,XX(性反转)的发生率仅次于47,XXY。6例性反转患者染色体核型均为女性核型(46,XX),其LH、FSH、PRL水平明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组中其他染色体异常核型患者的LH、FSH、PRL、T水平与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论染色体核型异常、Y染色体AZF微缺失、性激素水平异常与无精症密切相关。因此对无精患者进行染色体核型、Y染色体AZF微缺失以及性激素联合检测,能更加科学、有效地了解患者病情,有助于为后续的生殖治疗提供合理的临床方案。