Factors Associated with Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Kinetics and Responses in Pegylated Interferon Alpha-2a Monotherapy for Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B

Objective Pegylated-interferon monotherapy is the standard treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis B; however, the factors associated with its therapeutic effects remain unclear. Methods Patients with chronic hepatitis B were treated with pegylated interferon α-2a for 48 weeks. We evaluated the kinetics of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) during treatment and follow-up periods and the factors associated with an HBsAg response (defined as a change in HBsAg of ≥-1 log IU/mL from baseline). Results The study population comprised 50 patients. The median baseline levels of hepatitis B virus DNA and HBsAg were 5.00 and 3.40 log IU/mL. The median values of HBsAg reduction from baseline were -0.44 (n=48), -0.41 (n=40), and -0.68 (n=11) log IU/mL at the end of treatment and at 48 and 144 weeks post-treatment, respectively. The rates of HBsAg response were 24.0% and 22.5% at the end of treatment and at 48 weeks post-treatment, respectively. A multivariate analysis identified HBsAg <3.00 log IU/mL as an independent baseline factor contributing to the HBsAg response at the end of treatment and 48 weeks post-treatment (p=1.07×10^-2 and 4.42×10^-2, respectively). There were significant differences in the reduction of the HBsAg levels at 12 weeks of treatment and in the incidence of serum ALT increase during treatment between patients with and without an HBsAg response. Conclusion These findings suggest that the baseline HBsAg level, HBsAg kinetics at 12 weeks of treatment, and ALT increase during treatment are important factors contributing to the HBsAg response in pegylated interferon α-2a monotherapy for patients with chronic hepatitis B.     

Lack of evidence of hepatic disease in patients with oral lichen planus in Serbia

OBJECTIVE: The reported frequency of chronic liver disease, and particularly, Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) shows geographical variation. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of chronic hepatic disease, Hepatitis B virus and HCV infection in patients with OLP and control subjects resident in Serbia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this prospective study 48 patients with OLP (33 women and 15 men, with a mean age of 49.7 years) and 60 control subjects (38 women and 22 men, with a mean age of 46.7 years) were examined for the presence of serological evidence of chronic hepatic disease, Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV seropositivity. RESULTS: All patients with OLP had normal liver function. HBsAg was not found in any of the patients with OLP or control group. None of the patients with OLP or control subjects were HCV seropositive. CONCLUSION: Patients with OLP resident in Serbia do not have evidence of chronic liver disease or infection with HBV or HCV. The exact aetiological role between hepatic disease and OLP remains unclear.     

超声波与高电位氧化还原水协同杀菌作用的实验研究

为了观察超声波与酸性氧化电位水对微生物的协同杀灭作用,采用悬液法在实验室进行了试验研究。结果,单独使用超声波处理10m in,对大肠杆菌杀灭率为89.9%;单独使用酸性氧化电位水作用30 s,对大肠杆菌杀灭率为100%;超声波与氧化水协同作用15 s,杀灭率亦达到100%。单用超声波处理10 m in、单独用酸性氧化电位水作用1.5 m in,可将悬液内HBsAg阳性血清的抗原性完全灭活,二者协同作用仅需30 s即可达到完全灭活。结论,超声波与酸性氧化电位水具有明显协同作用。     

消毒剂氧氯灵的研究

氧氯灵为固体复方消毒剂,溶于水中可产生二氧化氯。该消毒剂采取二元包装方式,贮存稳定。以氧氯灵-1500作用25分钟,可达灭菌要求;以氧氯灵-1000作用2分钟可破坏HBsAg。其溶液放置24小时,杀菌作用下降。该消毒剂对碳钢、铝、铜有一定腐蚀性,但以之消毒胃镜,因作用短暂(2分钟)无损害。     

8种国产HBsAg试剂盒检测变异HBsAg的效果评价

目的：评价国内8种HBsAg诊断试剂检测体外表达的18种变异HBsAg的效果。方法：用8种ELISA试剂检测真核细胞表达的18种变异HBsAg的免疫反应性。结果：8种试剂盒检测变异HBsAg的能力不同,漏检率为16．7％～44.4％。K122I、T123N、C124R和G145R变异的HBsAg漏检率最高。结论：8种HBsAg检测试剂盒都不能很好地检出部分变异HBsAg,应改进试剂性能,提高对变异HBsAg的检出率。     

1998～2005年台州市高中毕业生乙肝表面抗原检测结果分析

目的了解高中毕业生HBsAg感染情况,为制定乙肝防治对策,保护学生身体健康提供科学依据。方法采用ELISA法对1998￣2005年期间台州市201483名高中毕业生进行血清HBsAg和ALT检测,对结果进行统计分析。结果高中毕业生HBsAg平均阳性率为11.28%,高于全国普通人群平均水平;HBsAg阳性率最高的是1998年为13.81%,后逐年下降,2005年最低为9.66%;男生显著高于女生(P市(11.36%)>区(8.44%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论中学生HBsAg感染率呈逐年下降趋势。加强对新生儿和易感人群的乙肝疫苗接种工作,提高免疫覆盖率和人群免疫水平,是降低HBV感染的有效途径。     

西安市无偿献血人群血液检测结果与肝炎流行病学分析

目的探讨西安市无偿献血人群中血液检测不合格数与肝炎病毒感染的关系。方法采用统计学方法对2000-2004年血液检测不合格结果进行分析。结果定性资料多个样本率比较结果显示，5年检出率的差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论检出率可能是对西安地区18～55岁健康人群中无症状肝炎流行病学的一种评估。