Computer-generated vegan menus: The importance of food composition database choice

Precise data on food chemical composition is crucial for any quantitative nutrition research and indispensable for evaluation and planning of computer-based menus. Moreover, exact food chemical composition is of the utmost importance in composing specific diets that may be low in certain essential nutrients. Therefore, this research evaluated a weekly vegan menu using three different food composition databases (FCDB): the Croatian, the official Danish Food Composition Database and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) – National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were determined in evaluated and optimised offers for the same menu when using different FCDBs. Furthermore, in these menus quantities of some nutrients have not reached official daily recommendations needed for prevention of non-communicable diseases. In this research, new vegan menus that can provide adequate quantity of essential nutrients, regardless of FCDB utilized, were created with linear optimisation (LO). This resulted in high quality daily menu offers. However, depending on the FCDB that was used, optimal menus differed in daily meal combinations, and the effectiveness of the optimisation in the minimisation of differences caused by differences of data in FCDBs was tested. Linear optimisation has been proved to be an effective tool in planning of specific diets, such as vegan diets. Nonetheless, the quality of computer-planned menus depends heavily on the quality of FCDB used.     

Independent and court-ordered forensic neuropsychological examinations: Official statement of the National Academy of Neuropsychology

Independent forensic neuropsychological examinations are performed by neuropsychologists who are hired as independent contractors by third parties to make determinations regarding neuropsychological functioning. The responsibilities of neuropsychologists when performing independent or court-ordered forensic examinations differ from those of clinical examinations. Because neuropsychological training typically occurs in clinical contexts, the transition to forensic contexts may result in uncertainty about how to negotiate the unique responsibilities of the forensic examiner role. Neuropsychologists are responsible for maintaining the highest standards of professional practice when performing independent and court-ordered forensic examinations. To reach and maintain the highest standards of practice, neuropsychologists must understand the unique relationships with retaining parties and examinees and strive to maintain true independence and objectivity. Although a true neuropsychologist-patient relationship is not considered to exist within the context of a forensic neuropsychological evaluation, neuropsychologists have ethical responsibilities to both the retaining party and the examinee.     

Inadequate dietary magnesium intake increases atherosclerotic plaque development in rabbits

Epidemiological studies have shown dietary magnesium (Mg) intake and serum Mg levels to be inversely correlated with the development of atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that low levels of Mg would promote atherosclerotic plaque development in rabbits. New Zealand white rabbits (4 months old, n = 22) were fed an atherogenic diet containing 0.12% (−Mg), 0.27% (control), or 0.43% (+Mg) Mg for 8 weeks. Blood samples were obtained at baseline, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks and were assayed for total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), non-HDL, triglycerides (TG), C-reactive protein, serum Mg, and erythrocyte Mg. Aortas from −Mg had significantly more plaque, with an intima thickness 42% greater than control and 36% greater than +Mg. Serum cholesterol levels rose over time, and at 8 weeks, −Mg had the highest and +Mg the lowest total and non-HDL cholesterol and TG levels, although these results did not reach significance. Over time, serum Mg levels increased, and erythrocyte Mg levels decreased. C-reactive protein significantly increased in all groups at 4 and 6 weeks but returned to baseline levels by 8 weeks. This study supports the hypothesis that inadequate intake of Mg results in an increase in atherosclerotic plaque development in rabbits.     

门诊抽血室医院感染标本检测结果分析

目的 :了解门诊抽血室医院内感染情况。方法 :通过对空气培养、医护人员的手、物体表面、使用中的消毒液 4项指标 112 0份标本进行监测分析。结果 :112 0份标本检验结果合格 10 30份 ,合格率 92 % ,不合格标本 90份 ,培养出细菌 87份。结论 :通过监测抽血室的医院感染标本 ,了解了院内感染情况 ,有效地减少和防止了医护人员之间、医患之间以及和家属之间的交叉感染 ,提高了医疗护理质量 ,预防了医院交叉感染的发生。     

多站点综合性毕业考试的改革与实践

我校改革临床医学专业毕业考试模式与方法，在临床实习过程中组织多站点综合性考试，采用闭卷笔试方法考核临床理论知识，占70％；采用实践操作与现场口试方法考核临床技能及相关知识，占20％；采用开卷笔试方法考核医疗文书书写，占10％。实践证明，此项改革能促进医学生端正实习态度，调动实习的积极性与主动性，引导医学生在实习中重视理论学习与临床实践的密切结合，促进临床教学质量的提高。     

电视宫腔镜检查妇科疾病1114例临床分析

目的　探讨宫腔镜在临床中的应用价值。方法　对我科 2 0 0 0 - 1 0～ 2 0 0 3- 0 4间对 1 1 1 4例因子宫异常出血、不孕症、宫内异常等 ,行宫腔镜检查者进行回顾性分析。结果　正常宫腔 1 83例 ,镜下发现不同疾病共 931例 ,阳性检出率是 83 6 %。其中 ,6 98例在宫腔镜检查的同时进行了治疗 ,占 6 2 1 %。 1 1 1 4例均未发生并发症。结论　应用电视宫腔镜能在直视下检查宫腔内病变 ,对异常子宫出血、宫腔粘连、宫腔占位 ,以及处女检查等是一种较好的诊疗手段 ,而且能同时予以不同的治疗 ,具有较高的临床应用价值     

社会支持对考试应激的影响

目的了解社会支持对考试应激的影响。方法采用焦虑自评量表和社会支持量表分别对７２７个学生考试前１个月、考试期间考试焦虑分数及社会支持情况进行调查，比较分析考试焦虑分数与社会支持因素的关系。结果考试焦虑分数与客观支持、来自同学和老师的主观支持以及社会支持的利用度成反比。结论家长和学校给予学生足够的社会支持，以及让学生参加适当的社会活动，培养他们利用社会支持的能力，有助于让学生减缓考试应激的水平     

科室调整时"军卫一号"的数据转换

科室调整时。病人要随之分配到新的科室，病人的各种医疗数据要转换为新科室的数据。利用结构化查询语言，根据病人的调整情况，实施数据调整。这种数据转换方法，不但适用于新、老药品结构的“军卫一号”，而且其基本原理也适用于科室分开而护理单元不分开的情况。