The fate of aortic valve after rheumatic mitral valve surgery

ObjectiveDeterioration of the native aortic valve function by a late progression of rheumatic disease is not infrequent in patients who underwent rheumatic mitral valve surgery; however, this phenomenon has not been clearly quantified.MethodsA total of 1155 consecutive patients (age 52.0 ± 12.9 years; 807 female) who underwent rheumatic mitral valve surgery without concomitant aortic valve surgery from 1997 to 2015 were enrolled. The primary end point was the composite of progression to severe aortic valve dysfunction or a requirement of subsequent aortic valve replacements during follow-up. To determine the risk factors of the primary outcome, we performed the generalized linear mixed model.ResultsThe baseline severities of aortic valve were none to trivial in 880 patients (76.2%), mild in 256 patients (22.2%), and moderate in 19 patients (1.6%). The latest 1062 echocardiographic assessments (91.9%; median, 81.2 postoperative months; interquartile range, 37.3-132.1 months) demonstrated 26 cases (0.33%/patient-year) meeting the primary end point during follow-up. Cumulative incidence of the primary end point at 10 years was 0.4% ± 0.3% and 7.4% ± 2.5% depending on the presence of mild or greater aortic valve dysfunction at baseline (P < .01). In multivariable analyses, aortic valve peak pressure gradient (odds ratio, 1.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.20), aortic regurgitation degree (mild over none: odds ratio, 3.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.15-9.23), and time (odds ratio, 1.30; 95% confidence interval 1.19-1.41) were significantly associated with the occurrence of the primary end point.ConclusionsProgression of severe aortic valve dysfunction and the need for aortic valve replacement are uncommon in patients undergoing rheumatic mitral valve surgery. However, such events were relatively common among those with mild or greater aortic valve dysfunction at the time of mitral valve surgery.     

Impact of repaired aortic coarctation in left ventricular myocardial work

AimsMyocardial strain analysis enables more precise assessment of cardiac performance but is relatively load dependent. New tools have been developed with afterload adjustment. Our objective was to assess myocardial work (MW) in patients with repaired aortic coarctation (rACo).MethodsProspective study of consecutive patients with rACo who underwent a routine transthoracic echocardiogram in 2018 and 2019 at our center. Patients with significant aortic valve disease, pacemaker, or other congenital heart diseases (except for mild bicuspid aortic valve disease) were excluded. Global longitudinal strain with two dimensional speckle tracking analysis and MW were obtained (GWI:Global Work Index; GCW: Global Constructive Work; GWW: Global Wasted Work; GWE: Global Work Efficiency). Blood pressure was measured in the patient's right arm.ResultsWe included 42 patients in the analysis, mean age of 37±10 years, 38% males. In this group, 52% had hypertension and 64% had a concomitant bicuspid aortic valve. In comparison to previously published reference values, patients with rACo had significantly lower GWI (1807 vs. 1896 mmHg%) and GCW (2173 vs. 2232 mmHg%) (p<0.001), particularly in males. Systolic blood pressure is an independent predictor for GWI (β=0.432) and for GCW (β=0.534) and GLS an independent predictor of all MW parameters (β>0.594). Neither age nor gender were independent predictors.ConclusionsIn patients with rACo, there are some signs of left ventricular dysfunction with a reduction in GCW and GWI and with preserved GWE, despite normal ejection fraction and strain.     

Incidence and clinical impact of tachyarrhythmic events following transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A review

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营养教育在腹主动脉瘤患者根治术后的临床应用

目的 探讨营养教育在腹主动脉瘤患者根治术中的应用价值。 方法 选取2017年10月至2019年10月青岛市市立 医院收治的行根治术的腹主动脉瘤患者96例，采用随机数字表法分为对照组（48例，行常规护理）和观察组（48例，行常规护理 联合营养教育），比较两组康复效果、营养指标和生活质量，另参照焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）判定患者心理状 态。 结果 观察组首次排气时间、下床活动时间和住院时间短于对照组，心理状态评分低于对照组，依从性和生活质量综合评 定问卷评分高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组患者体重为(68.16±6.32) kg，体质指数为（23.02±0.54）kg/m2，血清 白蛋白水平为（37.2±2.4）g/L,血清转铁蛋白水平为（2.45±0.36）g/L，血清前白蛋白水平为（267.27±25.12）mg/L，总铁结合力为 （56.17±6.24）μmol/L，高于对照组的（64.32±5.44）kg、（21.72±0.78）kg/m2 、（32.1±1.8）g/L、（2.16±0.32）g/L、（215.12±22.26）mg/L和 （50.34±5.21）μmol/L，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 在腹主动脉瘤患者根治术中联合营养教育可促进患者术后康复，对 患者负面情绪有缓解作用，可提高患者依从性，改善营养不良状态，促进生活质量的提升。