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PurposeTo create a nonsurgical animal model of osteoarthritis (OA) to evaluate the effects of embolotherapy during geniculate artery embolization (GAE).Materials and MethodsFluoroscopy-guided injections of 700 mg of sodium monoiodoacetate were performed into the left stifle in 6 rams. Kinematic data were collected before and after induction. At 10 weeks after induction, Subjects 1 and 4–6 underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) and Subjects 1, 3, and 4–6 underwent angiography with angiographic scoring to identify regions with greatest disease severity for superselective embolization (75–250-μm microspheres). Target vessel size was measured. At 24 weeks after angiography, DCE-MR imaging, angiography, and euthanasia were performed, and bilateral stifles were harvested. Medial/lateral tibial and femoral condylar, patellar, and synovial samples were cut, preserved, decalcified, and scored using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International criteria. The stifle and synovium Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score and Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study score were determined. The volume transfer constant (Ktrans) and extracellular volume fraction (ve) were calculated from DCE-MR imaging along the lateral synovial regions of interest.ResultsThe mean gross and microscopic pathological scores were elevated at 38 and 61, respectively. Mean synovitis score was elevated at 9.2. Mean pre-embolization and postembolization angiographic scores were 5 and 3.8, respectively. Mean superior, transverse, and inferior geniculate artery diameters were 3.1 mm ± 1.21, 2.0 mm ± 0.50, and 1.6 mm ± 0.41 mm, respectively. Mean pre-embolization and postembolization cartilage and synovitis scores were elevated at 35.13 and 73.3 and 5.5 and 9.2, respectively. The Ktrans/ve values of Subjects 4, 5, and 6 were elevated at 0.049/0.38, 0.074/0.53, and 0.065/0.51, respectively. Altered gait of the hind limb was observed in all subjects after induction, with reduced joint mobility. No skin necrosis or osteonecrosis was observed.ConclusionsA nonsurgical ovine animal knee OA model was created, which allowed the collection of angiographic, histopathological, MR imaging, and kinematic data to study the effects of GAE.  相似文献   
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Mass characteristic frequency (fmass) is a novel shear wave (SW) parameter that represents the ratio of the averaged minimum SW speed within the regions of interest to the largest dimension of the mass. Our study objective was to evaluate if the addition of fmass to conventional 2-D shear wave elastography (SWE) parameters would improve the differentiation of benign from malignant thyroid nodules. Our cohort comprised 107 patients with 113 thyroid nodules, of which 67 (59%) were malignant. Two-dimensional SWE data were obtained using the Supersonic Imagine Aixplorer ultrasound system equipped with a 44- to 15-MHz15-MHz linear array transducer. A receiver operating characteristic curve was generated based on a multivariable logistic regression analysis to evaluate the ability of SWE parameters with/without fmass and with/without clinical factors to discriminate benign from malignant thyroid nodules. The addition of fmass to conventional SW elasticity parameters increased the area under the curve from 0.808 to 0.871 (p = 0.02). The combination of SW elasticity parameters plus fmass plus clinical factors provided the strongest thyroid nodule malignancy probability estimate, with a sensitivity of 93.4% and specificity of 91.1% at the optimal threshold. In summary, fmass can be a valuable addition to conventional 2-D SWE parameters.  相似文献   
4.
目的 探讨免疫球蛋白κJ区的重组信号结合蛋白(RBP-Jκ)对CD133阳性室管膜细胞增殖与分化的影响及可能的机制。 方法 分离孕12 d的美国癌症研究所(ICR)胚胎小鼠(3只)侧脑室室管膜细胞进行原代培养,并使用RBP-Jκ-siRNA干扰RBP-Jκ,以及选用2~3月龄体重为20~25 g的CD133-CreERTM::ROSA26-LacZ::RBP-Jκflox/flox小鼠(3只),通过腹腔注射他莫昔芬(TAM)敲除RBP-Jκ,通过免疫荧光双标染色检测CD133阳性室管膜细胞的增殖和分化变化的情况,最后通过Real-time PCR、Western blotting检测RBP-Jκ及其上下游相关分子表达情况。 结果 干扰或敲除RBP-Jκ后,无论是细胞还是动物水平CD133或β-半乳糖苷酶(β-GAL)/双肾上腺皮质激素(DCX)/β-微管蛋白Ⅲ(β-tubulinⅢ)、CD133或β-GAL/微管相关蛋白2(MAP-2)或神经元核抗原(NeuN)、CD133或β-GAL/增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)双阳性细胞数目均明显增加。同时Real-time PCR和Western blotting结果表明,在干扰或敲除RBP-Jκ后RBP-Jκ-和Splity多毛增强子1(Hes1)mRNA及蛋白表达量均显著下降,而Notch1 mRNA及蛋白的表达量反而显著增加。 结论 干扰或敲除RBP-Jκ,通过Notch1表达上调、Hes1表达下调,最终引起CD133阳性室管膜细胞的增殖与分化增加。  相似文献   
5.
目的:应用Pentacam眼前节分析仪测量我国学龄期儿童角膜形态,通过正切曲率半径计算各区域 角膜前表面Q值,分析不同屈光状态下各区域角膜前表面Q值的特点。方法:系列病例研究。选取 2018年9月至2019年10月在温州医科大学附属第二医院育英儿童医院眼科门诊就诊的学龄期儿童 192例,以右眼作为研究对象,按右眼等效球镜度(SE)分成中度近视组、低度近视组、正视组、低 度远视组、中度远视组这5组。应用Pentacam眼前节分析仪测量其角膜形态,通过正切曲率半径计 算鼻侧(315°-45°)、上方(45°-135°)、颞侧(135°-225°)、下方(225°-315°)这4个区 域角膜前表面Q值。采用方差分析比较各区域角膜Q值差异和各区域角膜Q值在不同屈光组间的差 异;采用Pearson相关分析SE和角膜Q值的相关性。结果:鼻、上、颞、下4个区域角膜前表面Q值 分别为-0.50±0.13、-0.62±0.15、-0.31±0.10、-0.42±0.18,4个区域角膜Q值差异有统计学意义 (F=215.19,P<0.001),颞、下、鼻、上4个区域角膜前表面变平坦趋势依次增快。不同屈光组间仅鼻侧、 下方角膜前表面Q值存在差异(F=6.00,P<0.001;F=2.95,P=0.022)。随着SE的增加,鼻侧、下方角 膜Q值变小,呈负相关(r=-0.38,P<0.001;r=-0.16,P=0.031)。不同屈光组在上方和颞侧2个区域 角膜前表面Q值差异均无统计学意义。不同屈光组的鼻颞侧Q值差值差异存在统计学意义(F=10.40, P<0.001),且随SE的增加,鼻颞侧Q值差异增大,二者有相关性(r=-0.42,P<0.001)。结论:学龄期 儿童各区域的角膜前表面Q值存在差异,不同屈光状态的鼻侧及下方角膜Q值、鼻颞侧差值均存在 差异,且均与SE存在相关性,提示不同屈光度的儿童矫正屈光不正时需考虑各区域角膜Q值,以提 高成像质量。  相似文献   
6.
BackgroundRestricted kinematically-aligned total knee arthroplasty (KA-TKA) is a reasonable modification to avoid the alignment outlier that may cause implant failure. However, despite a noted high incidence of constitutional varus in Japanese individuals, there has been no investigation into how many knees require the restriction in restricted KA-TKA (RKA-TKA) among Japanese patients. Therefore, we conducted a study using preoperative long-leg radiograms.MethodsWe studied long-leg radiographs of 228 knees in 114 consecutive patients. The numbers of knees within the safety range and their corrective osteotomy angle in the restriction algorithms advocated by Almaawi et al. (2017) and MacDessi et al. (2020) were evaluated.ResultsAccording to the algorithms used by Almaawi et al. and MacDessi et al., out of 228 knees, 46 (20%) and 39 (17%) fell within the safety range, respectively. The mean correction angles of the hip-knee-ankle angle, lateral distal femoral angle and medial proximal tibial angle were 2.8 ± 3.4°, 0.4 ± 1.4° and 2.4 ± 2.8° in the algorithm used by Almaawi et al., while they were −4.9 ± 4.7°, 1.1 ± 2.5° and −6.0 ± 3.4° in the algorithm used by MacDessi et al. Most of the knees needed to be restricted in order to perform RKA-TKA, regardless of the algorithm used.ConclusionsBased on a preoperative analysis of long-leg radiograms in a Japanese population, most knees fall out of the safety range in RKA-TKA. Surgeons must consider whether to allow component outlier or to perform corrective osteotomy that likely requires soft tissue release.  相似文献   
7.
本文报告了1例妊娠14周经超声发现胎儿骶尾部畸胎瘤,超声联合MRI提示肿瘤分型为Ⅰ型。妊娠26周前肿瘤囊性部分占比>60%,妊娠28周肿瘤囊性部分自行破裂。妊娠期密切监测,妊娠36周+5时,肿瘤体积增至12.8 cm×9.7 cm×12.3 cm。孕妇于妊娠37周行剖宫产术分娩。新生儿生后4 d于小儿外科行肿瘤切除术,术后随访无生理功能障碍,预后良好。  相似文献   
8.
First-line chemotherapy for advanced/metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEJC) has poor median overall survival (OS; <1 year). We report efficacy and safety results from Chinese patients in the phase III global CheckMate 649 study of nivolumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy for the first-line treatment of GC/GEJC/esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Chinese patients with previously untreated advanced or metastatic GC/GEJC/EAC were randomized to receive nivolumab (360 mg Q3W or 240 mg Q2W) plus chemotherapy (XELOX [capecitabine and oxaliplatin] Q3W or FOLFOX [oxaliplatin, leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil] Q2W), nivolumab plus ipilimumab (not reported) or chemotherapy alone. OS, blinded independent central review-assessed progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), duration of response (DOR) and safety are reported. Of 1581 patients enrolled and randomized, 208 were Chinese. In these patients, nivolumab plus chemotherapy resulted in clinically meaningful improvement in median OS (14.3 vs 10.2 months; HR 0.61 [95% CI: 0.44-0.85]), median PFS (8.3 vs 5.6 months; HR 0.57 [95% CI: 0.40-0.80]), ORR (66% vs 45%) and median DOR (12.2 vs 5.6 months) vs chemotherapy, respectively. The safety profile was acceptable, with no new safety signals observed. Consistent with results from the global primary analysis of CheckMate 649, nivolumab plus chemotherapy demonstrated a clinically meaningful improvement in OS and PFS and higher response rate vs chemotherapy and an acceptable safety profile in Chinese patients. Nivolumab plus chemotherapy represents a new standard first-line treatment for Chinese patients with non-HER2-positive advanced GC/GEJC/EAC.  相似文献   
9.
ObjectivesTo investigate potential differences in plaque progression (PP) between in East Asians and Caucasians as well as to determine clinical predictors of PP in East Asians.BackgroundStudies have demonstrated differences in cardiovascular risk factors as well as plaque burden and progression across different ethnic groups.MethodsThe study comprised 955 East Asians (age 60.4 ?± ?9.3 years, 50.9% males) and 279 Caucasians (age 60.4 ?± ?8.6 years, 74.5% males) who underwent two serial coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) studies over a period of at least 24 months. Patients were enrolled and analyzed from the PARADIGM (Progression of AtheRosclerotic PlAque DetermIned by Computed TomoGraphic Angiography IMaging) registry. After propensity-score matching, plaque composition and progression were compared between East Asian and Caucasian patients. Within East Asians, the plaque progression group (defined as plaque volume at follow-up CCTA minus plaque volume at baseline CCTA> 0) was compared to the no PP group to determine clinical predictors for PP in East Asians.ResultsIn the matched cohort, baseline volumes of total plaque as well as all plaque subtypes were comparable. There was a trend towards increased annualized plaque progression among East Asians compared to Caucasians (18.3 ?± ?24.7 ?mm3/year vs 16.6 ?mm3/year, p ?= ?0.054). Among East Asians, 736 (77%) had PP. East Asians with PP had more clinical risk factors and higher plaque burden at baseline (normalized total plaque volume of144.9 ?± ?233.3 ?mm3 vs 36.6 ?± ?84.2 ?mm3 for PP and no PP, respectively, p ?< ?0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that baseline normalized plaque volume (OR: 1.10, CI: 1.10–1.30, p ?< ?0.001), age (OR: 1.02, CI: 1.00–1.04, p ?= ?0.023) and body mass index (OR: 2.24, CI: 1.01–1.13, p ?= ?0.024) were all predictors of PP in East Asians. Clinical events, driven mainly by percutaneous coronary intervention, were higher among the PP group with a total of 124 (16.8%) events compared to 22 (10.0%) in the no PP group (p ?= ?0.014).ConclusionEast Asians and Caucasians had comparable plaque composition and progression. Among East Asians, the PP group had a higher baseline plaque burden which was associated with greater PP and increased clinical events.  相似文献   
10.
目的 探讨重症手足口病肠道病毒71型(enterovirus 71,EV71)5′非编码区(untranslated region, UTR)、VP1区是否存在潜在的毒力位点。 方法 分离培养不同临床症状手足口病患者粪便标本中EV71,提取病毒总RNA,逆转录PCR扩增5′-UTR、VP1区后测定基因序列,对两个区域核苷酸序列及VP1区编码氨基酸序列进行比对和同源性分析,构建VP1区及不同临床症状EV71病毒5′- UTR基因进化树。 结果 本实验共获得9株EV71毒株(5株来源于重症病例,4株来源于轻症),5′-UTR、VP1区核苷酸同源性均为94.5%~ 99.7%,VP1区氨基酸同源性为97.3%~99.9%。9株EV71毒株5′-UTR共有67个核苷酸突变位点,与4株轻症EV71毒株相比,5株重症EV71毒株VP1区编码氨基酸有2处发生替换(S283T、A289T),5′-UTR共有37个核苷酸位点发生突变。VP1区基因进化树显示9个EV71毒株均属于C4a基因亚型,并且两组不同临床症状毒株处于同一较小分支中。5′-UTR核苷酸序列的系统进化树显示临床表现不同的EV71株呈交错分布,相同临床表现不单独聚类。 结论 9株EV71毒株均属于C4a基因亚型,5′-UTR核苷酸突变和VP1区氨基酸替换可能影响病毒毒力,对EV71病毒的全基因组序列特征分析及与宿主之间的相互作用机制进行研究非常必要。  相似文献   
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