健脾益气法对结直肠炎病变后诱发结直肠癌小鼠的影响研究

目的:观察健脾益气中药对结直肠炎病变后诱发结直肠癌小鼠白细胞介素(Interleukin,IL)-6和表皮细胞生长因子(Epidermal Growth Factor,EGF)蛋白的影响。方法:将30只雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组和治疗组,每组10只。采用偶氮氧化甲烷/葡聚糖硫酸钠方法建立结直肠炎相关结直肠癌小鼠模型,治疗组以加减四君子汤颗粒加蒸馏水配成溶液,药物质量浓度19.92%,3.32 g/kg灌胃,模型组以蒸馏水灌胃。4周后处死各组小鼠并留取血液和结直肠组织组织标本,酶联免疫吸附试验(Enzyme-linked immunosorbent method,ELISA)法检测血清IL-6浓度,苏木精-伊红染色法(Hematoxylin-eosin Staining,简称HE染色法)染色镜下观察小鼠结肠组织病理变化,Western-blot法检测EGF蛋白表达。结果:健脾益气治疗组小鼠的体质量较模型组明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗组小鼠血清IL-6表达量比模型组显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗组小鼠的EGF蛋白表达显著降低,与模型组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:健脾益气中药能增加结直肠炎病变后诱发结直肠癌小鼠的体质量,减少炎症因子IL-6的表达和降低EGF蛋白表达,可为健脾益气中药抗结肠癌临床应用提供科学依据。     

Nouvelle perspective de traitement dans le cancer bronchique non à petites cellules (CBNPC). Place de l’afatinib : un inhibiteur oral et irréversible de la famille ErbB

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) that block epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway have demonstrated a clinical benefit for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring EGFR mutations. The currently available TKI (gefitinib and erlotinib) are EGFR reversible inhibitors. Afatinib is an oral, irreversible ErbB family blocker that covalently binds and blocks signaling from EGFR (ErbB1), HER2 (ErbB2) and ErbB4. The compound inhibits also the transphosphorylation of ErbB3. With this mode of action, afatinib is thought to have a mechanistic advantage over EGFR blockade alone, in that it provides a sustained, covalent inhibition of ErbB homo- and hetero-dimers. In the pivotal LUX-Lung 3 study, afatinib demonstrated a prolonged progression free survival over standard pemetrexed plus cisplatin chemotherapy (11.1 versus 6.9 months; HR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.43–0.78; P = 0.001) in EGFR mutation positive NSCLC patients. The compound has recently been granted a marketing authorization (MA) for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with activating EGFR mutation(s) and EGFR TKI-naive. In this paper are summarized the efficacy and safety data in this indication.     

壳聚糖复合药膜的研制及实验研究

目的 :制备壳聚糖口腔复合膜 ,并通过建立口腔溃疡的动物模型 ,观察复合药膜对实验性口腔溃疡愈合的影响。方法 :选择壳聚糖作为膜载体 ,加入芦荟、表皮生长因子 (EGF)等药物制备口腔复合膜 ,用动物实验验证复合膜的疗效。结果 :(1)复合膜厚约 0 .5mm ,复合膜每平方厘米含水溶性壳聚糖 0 .0 0 7g、芦荟全叶冻干粉 0 .0 5 1g、EGF 40IU、丁卡因 0 .5 3 3mg。(2 )不同时间复合膜组溃疡面积均小于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;平均愈合速度复合膜组快于其他组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;水肿充血程度明显好于对照组 ;炎性细胞在各个时间点复合膜组均少于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;成纤维细胞高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :壳聚糖复合药膜可明显促进实验性口腔溃疡愈合 ,具有一定的应用前景 ,但作用机制有待进一步阐明。     

Application of hiPSCs in tooth regeneration via cellular modulation

BackgroundInduced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based technology provides limitless resources for customized development of organs without any ethical concerns. In theory, iPSCs generated from terminally differentiated cells can be induced to further differentiate into all types of organs that are derived from the embryonic germ layers. Since iPSC reprogramming technology is relatively new, extensive efforts by the researchers have been put together to optimize the protocols to establish in vitro differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) into various desirable cell types/organs.HighlightsIn the present study, we review the potential application of iPSCs as an efficient alternative to primary cells for modulating signal molecules. Furthermore, an efficient culture system that promotes the differentiation of cell lineages and tissue formation has been reviewed. We also summarize the recent studies wherein tissue engineering of the three germ layers has been explored. Particularly, we focus on the current research strategies for iPSC-based tooth regeneration via molecular modulation.ConclusionIn recent decades, robust knowledge regarding the hiPSC-based regenerative therapy has been accumulated, especially focusing on cellular modulation. This review provides the optimization of the procedures designed to regenerate specific organs.     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子和表皮生长因子对Balb/c胎鼠下颌突外胚间充质细胞增殖的影响

目的：探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)和表皮生长因子（EGF）对Balb/c胎鼠下颌突外胚间充质细胞增殖的剂量效应和时间效应。方法：用体外细胞培养技术和噻唑蓝（MTT）比色法，观察不同浓度和不同时间bFGF和EGF对外胚间充质细胞增殖的影响。结果：0.1-100ng/mL bFGF,0.1-10ng/mL EGF对细胞有促增殖作用，并呈浓度依赖性,两种生长因子均在10ng/mL浓度时作用最强，并于培养第5d达到促增殖高峰。结论：bFGF和EGF能促进外胚间充质细胞的增殖。     

大鼠脊髓损伤后bFGF、EGF海绵对内源性神经干细胞的诱导及修复作用

目的探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）、表皮生长因子（EGF）海绵植入损伤脊髓对脊髓损伤后内源性干细胞的诱导修复作用。方法采用脊髓半横断制作脊髓损伤模型,将46只大鼠分为对照组（n=6,不损伤脊髓）、模型组（n=20）和实验组（n=20,造模后应用bFGF、EGF海绵治疗）,对3组动物进行行为学评分、电生理、电镜及免疫组化检测。结果实验组动物经bF-GF、EGF海绵治疗后,运动功能高于模型组,内源性神经干细胞数量多于模型组（P〈0.05）。结论bFGF、EGF海绵干预可促进脊髓损伤动物内源性神经干细胞增殖、分化,改善受损的脊髓功能。     

Estrogen/EGF receptor interactions in breast cancer: rationale for new therapeutic combination strategies

In the therapy of estrogen receptor (ER) positive human mammary carcinomas, the treatment with the antiestrogen tamoxifen has been well established. However, the development of hormone resistance is an important factor in breast cancer progression against endocrine therapy. The presence of the receptor for EGF (EGFR) correlates with lack of response towards antiestrogen therapy. The EGFR is not only involved in tumor cell growth, survival signaling, cell migration, metastasis formation and angiogenesis, but also seems to confer reduced responses of tumor cells towards anti-hormones. Concomitant inhibition of both, the receptors for estrogen and EGF may be necessary to improve breast cancer therapy.     

Interstitial Outburst of Angiogenic Factors During Skeletal Muscle Regeneration After Acute Mechanical Trauma

Angiogenesis is a key event during tissue regeneration, but the intimate mechanisms controlling this process are still largely unclear. Therefore, the cellular and molecular interplay along normal tissue regeneration should be carefully unveiled. To this matter, we investigated by xMAP assay the dynamics of some angiogenic factors known to be involved in tissue repair, such as follistatin (FST), Placental Growth Factor‐2 (PLGF‐2), epidermal growth factor (EGF), betacellulin (BTC), and amphiregulin (AREG) using an animal model that mimics acute muscle contusion injuries. In situ immunofluorescence was used for the evaluation and tissue distribution of their cellular sources. Tissue levels of explored factors increased significantly during degeneration and inflammatory stage of regeneration, peaking first week postinjury. However, except for PLGF‐2 and EGF, their levels remained significantly elevated after the inflammatory process started to fade. Serum levels were significantly increased only after 24 h for AREG and EGF. Though, for all factors except FST, the levels in injured samples did not correlate with serum or contralateral tissue levels, excluding the systemic influence. We found significant correlations between the levels of EGF and AREG, BTC, FST and FST and AREG in injured samples. Interstitial cells expressing these factors were highlighted by in situ immunolabeling and their number correlated with measured levels dynamics. Our study provides evidence of a dynamic level variation along the regeneration process and a potential interplay between selected angiogenic factors. They are synthesized, at least partially, by cell populations residing in skeletal muscle interstitium during regeneration after acute muscle trauma. Anat Rec, 298:1864–1879, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

ShcC proteins: Brain aging and beyond

To date, most studies of Shc family of signaling adaptor proteins have been focused on the near-ubiquitously expressed ShcA, indicating its relevance to age-related diseases and longevity. Although the role of the neuronal ShcC protein is much less investigated, accumulated evidence suggests its importance for neuroprotection against such aging-associated conditions as brain ischemia and oxidative stress. Here, we summarize more than decade of studies on the ShcC expression and function in normal brain, age-related brain pathologies and immune disorders with a focus on the interactions of ShcC with signaling proteins/pathways, and the possible implications of these interactions for changes associated with aging.