首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   11716篇
  免费   841篇
  国内免费   50篇
耳鼻咽喉   40篇
儿科学   401篇
妇产科学   116篇
基础医学   862篇
口腔科学   49篇
临床医学   3906篇
内科学   1163篇
皮肤病学   71篇
神经病学   1350篇
特种医学   137篇
外科学   760篇
综合类   750篇
一般理论   10篇
预防医学   2062篇
眼科学   22篇
药学   575篇
  5篇
中国医学   161篇
肿瘤学   167篇
  2024年   4篇
  2023年   331篇
  2022年   373篇
  2021年   559篇
  2020年   588篇
  2019年   581篇
  2018年   546篇
  2017年   519篇
  2016年   508篇
  2015年   446篇
  2014年   814篇
  2013年   991篇
  2012年   599篇
  2011年   698篇
  2010年   518篇
  2009年   589篇
  2008年   507篇
  2007年   510篇
  2006年   408篇
  2005年   310篇
  2004年   306篇
  2003年   265篇
  2002年   219篇
  2001年   217篇
  2000年   157篇
  1999年   130篇
  1998年   108篇
  1997年   117篇
  1996年   86篇
  1995年   73篇
  1994年   58篇
  1993年   53篇
  1992年   48篇
  1991年   37篇
  1990年   40篇
  1989年   27篇
  1988年   35篇
  1987年   19篇
  1986年   31篇
  1985年   37篇
  1984年   33篇
  1983年   13篇
  1982年   14篇
  1981年   27篇
  1980年   9篇
  1979年   9篇
  1978年   6篇
  1977年   9篇
  1976年   13篇
  1974年   3篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
IntroductionEmergency nurses experience occupational stressors resulting from exposures to critical clinical events. The purpose of this study was to identify the critical clinical events for emergency nurses serving 3 patient populations (general, adult, pediatric) and whether the resilience of these nurses differed by the patient population served.MethodsThis study used a cross-sectional survey design. A total of 48 emergency nurses were recruited from 3 trauma hospital-based emergency departments (general, adult, pediatric). Clinical Events Questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience scale, and an investigator-developed demographic questionnaire were used to collect data from respondents.ResultsAll respondents were female (n = 48, 100%), and most were White (n = 46, 96%). The average age of participants was 39.6 years, the average number of years as a registered nurse was 12.7 years, and the average number of years as an emergency nurse was 8.8 years. Clinical events considered most critical were providing care to a sexually abused child, experiencing the death of a coworker, and lack of responsiveness by a colleague during a serious situation. The least stress-provoking event was incidents with excessive media coverage. Nurses were less affected by the critical events they experienced more frequently at work. Nurses in the 3 trauma settings had high level of resilience, with no statistically significant differences between groups.DiscussionThe occupational stress from exposure to significant clinical events varied with the patient population served by emergency nurses. It is important that interventions be adopted to alleviate the effect of work-related stressors and promote the psychological health of emergency nurses.  相似文献   
3.
目的了解陕西省(以下简称我省)ICU开展重症血液净化技术的现状。 方法2021年8月31至9月10日,采用方便抽样法通过网络调查形式向我省境内各级医院ICU医护人员发放调查问卷,收集我省ICU重症血液净化开展现状信息数据,分析其潜在影响因素。 结果本研究共收集到146份调查问卷,剔除10份存在逻辑性错误的问卷,最终136份问卷纳入研究分析;本研究涵盖我省陕南、关中及陕北三个地域,涉及11个不同城市或区域。调查结果表明,我省重症血液净化主要在三级医院ICU开展,三级甲等医院占比50.70%,三级乙等医院占比11.27%,二级甲等医院占比38.03%。重症血液净化技术在医院级别、开展年限、科室床位数、机器保有量、月均治疗例数之间存在一定的相关性(Spearman检验,P<0.05)。调查结果还显示科室自配置换液为主要构成(50.00%);治疗病种主要为多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)、急性肾损伤(AKI)及脓毒症休克(18.20%,17.38%,16.56%);常见重症血液净化模式为连续性静脉-静脉血液滤过(CVVH)、连续性静脉-静脉血液透析滤过(CVVHDF)、血浆置换(PE)(28.18%,21.95%,15.96%);置管方法主要依靠解剖定位,常见部位为右股静脉(41.91%)。全身肝素抗凝与局部枸橼酸抗凝均为常见抗凝方式。出血与管路凝血仍为重症血液净化过程中最主要的并发症。 结论我省ICU重症血液净化技术开展存在不均衡现状,基层医院开展重症血液净化的能力有待进一步提升。本研究结果将为我省重症血液净化技术的推动发展和卫生行政部门制定相关的政策及培训制度提供一定的依据。  相似文献   
4.
《Dental materials》2022,38(11):1789-1800
ObjectivesDentin microstructure undergoes changes with age and its materials properties degrade over time. In the present study, we investigate the coupled influence of increased filled tubules and decreased materials properties on the fracture behavior of human dentin.MethodsWe assume degraded materials properties are linked with increased advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) crosslinks in dentin tissue. We use morphological data of human molars to create 2D and 3D models of dentin microstructure, and utilize a phase field fracture framework to study crack growth trajectories. We construct aged dentin samples (i.e., filled tubules and degraded properties) and compare the fracture results with the samples without age-related changes.ResultsThe simulations show an increase in the number of filled tubules can deactivate the toughening mechanisms such as crack deflection and microcracking. In addition, filled tubules have adverse impacts on the ability of peritubular dentin to shield microcracking. We further show how the dentinal tubules’ orientations affect the crack surface growth. We also investigate that an increase in the AGEs level can result in increased brittleness.SignificanceThe developed model and findings of the present study provide region-dependent information on crack growth trajectories as well as more understanding of crack surface growth at the presence of filled tubules.  相似文献   
5.
BackgroundCalcium chloride is commonly used in emergency departments in the treatment of a variety of emergencies. Historically, administration via central venous catheters has been preferred owing to its high osmolarity and vesicant properties. Although preferred, central access may not always be available in time-sensitive, emergent situations leading to many instances of peripheral administration. The objective of this analysis was to evaluate the charted safety of peripheral venous administration of 10% calcium chloride.MethodsA single-center retrospective chart review was performed in patients who received 10% calcium chloride in the adult emergency department evaluating for the incidence of infusion-related adverse events. Patients were excluded if they were less than 18 years of age or had a lack of catheter documentation during 10% calcium chloride administration or if the 10% calcium chloride was documented as given through a central venous catheter.ResultsA total of 72 administrations were evaluated. Patients were predominantly male (67%), with a median age of 55 years and body mass index of 29.2. The primary outcome demonstrated that 4 infusion-related adverse events occurred (6%) with grade 1 (n = 1) and grade 0 (n = 3) documented incidence of infusion-related adverse events. None of the documented incidence of infusion-related adverse events resulted in permanent tissue injury, and all patients had conservative management.DiscussionThis study demonstrated that administration of 10% calcium chloride via peripheral venous catheters may be feasible and seemed to carry a low incidence of documented complications. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm study observations.  相似文献   
6.
7.
ObjectivesTo explore formal and informal care costs in the last 3 months of life for people with dementia, and to evaluate the association between transitions to hospital and usual place of care with costs.DesignCross-sectional study using pooled data from 3 mortality follow-back surveys.Setting and ParticipantsPeople who died with dementia.MethodsThe Client Service Receipt Inventory survey was used to derive formal (health, social) and informal care costs in the last 3 months of life. Generalized linear models were used to explore the association between transitions to hospital and usual place of care with formal and informal care costs.ResultsA total of 146 people who died with dementia were included. The mean age was 88.1 years (SD 6.0), and 98 (67.1%) were female. The usual place of care was care home for 85 (58.2%). Sixty-five individuals (44.5%) died in a care home, and 85 (58.2%) experienced a transition to hospital in the last 3 months. The mean total costs of care in the last 3 months of life were £31,224.7 (SD 23,536.6). People with a transition to hospital had higher total costs (£33,239.2, 95% CI 28,301.8-39,037.8) than people without transition (£21,522.0, 95% CI 17,784.0-26,045.8), mainly explained by hospital costs. People whose usual place of care was care homes had lower total costs (£23,801.3, 95% CI 20,172.0-28,083.6) compared to home (£34,331.4, 95% CI 27,824.7-42,359.5), mainly explained by lower informal care costs.Conclusions and ImplicationsTotal care costs are high among people dying with dementia, and informal care costs represent an important component of end-of-life care costs. Transitions to hospital have a large impact on total costs; preventing these transitions might reduce costs from the health care perspective, but not from patients' and families' perspectives. Access to care homes could help reduce transitions to hospital as well as reduce formal and informal care costs.  相似文献   
8.
目的探讨血小板表面C型凝集素样受体2(C-type lectin-like receptor 2,CLEC-2)与急性脑梗死病情程度及脑动脉狭窄的相关性。方法前瞻性选取首次发病住院的211例急性脑梗死患者为梗死组,根据入院时NIHSS评分及头部MRA检查结果进行分组,并设105例健康体检者为对照组。所有患者入院当天采集静脉血进行CLEC-2检测,统计分析各组间CLEC-2水平。结果梗死组血浆CLEC-2水平较对照组明显升高(P<0.001),急性脑梗死轻、中、重亚组CLEC-2水平逐渐升高,两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。调整混杂因素后,CLEC-2浓度(OR=1.034,95%CI 1.020~1.048,P<0.001)为急性脑梗死患者脑动脉狭窄的独立危险因素。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析显示,CLEC-2预测脑动脉狭窄的曲线下面积为0.862(95%CI 0.812~0.912,P<0.001);最佳截断值为266.40 pg/ml,预测脑动脉狭窄的敏感度为80.3%,特异度为80.9%。结论CLEC-2水平升高能评估急性脑梗死患者病情程度,是脑动脉狭窄独立危险因素,对预测脑动脉狭窄有一定价值。  相似文献   
9.
《Australian critical care》2022,35(5):491-498
BackgroundAn activity to provide a tangible keepsake following the death of a loved one is termed ‘memory making’. However, limited evidence is available related to professionals' education and support to provide memory making opportunities in the adult intensive care unit (ICU). Having a greater understanding of healthcare professionals’ experiences can inform future patient/family care and support for professionals in end-of-life care.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to describe what participants perceive memory making to be, if they have facilitated memory making activities as part of their practice, if they perceive it as part of their role, and if they have the necessary skills to do so.MethodsSeventy-five registered nurses (75% response rate), 19 medical doctors (76% response rate), and two social workers (66.7% response rate) completed a survey at a single tertiary referral centre in an adult ICU.ResultsParticipants reported memory making to include the creation of tangible keepsakes as well as nontangible activities. Overall, participants reported high agreement scores that the responsibility for initiating memory making predominately belonged to the nurse. Participants reported skills most needed involved the ability to interact with the family, being open to the concept, and integrating memory making into their standard of care. Having developed a rapport with families was considered an enabler, whereas lack of knowledge and clinical workload were reported as inhibitors to offering memory making.ConclusionsOverall, participants in this study reported positive experiences with offering memory making to families during end-of-life care in the adult ICU. Nurses are more likely to perceive professional responsibility for offering memory making, likely due to their increased time at the bedside and higher prominence and leadership in other end-of-life practices. To support professionals, education should include conceptual knowledge, procedural knowledge of keepsake creations, communication techniques using reflective practices, and organisational support to facilitate time requirements.  相似文献   
10.
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号