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1.
Researchers have recently begun to examine the neural basis of musical improvisation, one of the most complex forms of creative behavior. The emerging field of improvisation neuroscience has implications not only for the study of artistic expertise, but also for understanding the neural underpinnings of domain-general processes such as motor control and language production. This review synthesizes functional magnetic resonance imagining (fMRI) studies of musical improvisation, including vocal and instrumental improvisation, with samples of jazz pianists, classical musicians, freestyle rap artists, and non-musicians. A network of prefrontal brain regions commonly linked to improvisatory behavior is highlighted, including the pre-supplementary motor area, medial prefrontal cortex, inferior frontal gyrus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and dorsal premotor cortex. Activation of premotor and lateral prefrontal regions suggests that a seemingly unconstrained behavior may actually benefit from motor planning and cognitive control. Yet activation of cortical midline regions points to a role of spontaneous cognition characteristic of the default network. Together, such results may reflect cooperation between large-scale brain networks associated with cognitive control and spontaneous thought. The improvisation literature is integrated with Pressing's theoretical model, and discussed within the broader context of research on the brain basis of creative cognition.  相似文献   
2.
Is passion, a concept difficult to define, disturbing affect by its double emotional and representative dimension, “a normal pathological state”? It concerns any relation to an “object” that wants to occupy a considerable place in existence. Can a therapist be passionate or be crossed by passion? Whether it is cultural, artistic, sporting, passion can provoke, we know it well, a passionate outburst. How can one accept its necessity while being wary of its destructive side (mystical passion, delusional passion) where the subject ends up getting lost? Etymology may provide a partial response to the polysemy of the word that has created confusion. Passion comes from the Latin “passio” which refers to the fact of suffering, experiencing. The Greek root “pathos” gave pathology whose original meaning is the study of passions and then that of diseases, and also non-medical terms (pathetic…). The semantic confusion has been based on this for centuries. Passion remains difficult to pin down. What maintains my desire, my passion in this solitary work? I need to remain in the unceasing research, in the questioning. Here are the basics inscribed in me: reading, working meetings that bring pleasure to think while maintaining openness to the unconscious by better grasping the counter-transference, belonging to a society to share the same passion of human knowledge and the same desire to heal. Passions remain pervasive and some take up more space than the object of passion. This is one of the many paradoxes. An other: the passion, this “dark complacency to vertigo” (Paul Ricoeur), allows to alienate oneself in the bond to better find oneself, to recreate oneself. We cannot, escape knowledge about ourselves. Beyond its excess, constitutes a real psychic work of elaboration and symbolization. Let us keep alive this passion for psychic care and work. To do this, let us remain confident in our theoretic-clinical commitments as well as in the changes we deem necessary to help those who come to tell us about their suffering. Who are they? Interest in their own mental health is initially acquired for neurotic patients; it is legitimate and useful. With patients working on a psychotic register, this is not the case and we are faced with an obstacle cited by Marcel Sassolas, which is “the distrust developed by these people towards their own psychic activity”. The only real objective of psychiatric care remains the safeguarding and restoration of their psychic activity, knowing full well that being present is a source of danger. What maintains our desire for care and psychic work with the attention we pay to it? The way we work with the richness of the commitments it unders understands – psychoanalysis for me – allows us to understand the human in an exceptional and exciting way. Here are two of my tools. First empathy. It is a dialectic between understanding and feeling that manifests, occurs, in an unseeded manner at the level of the preconscious of one (therapist) or the other (patient). My other tool is this therapeutic device that is co-work (shared associative movement). Daniel Widlöcher's co-thought… The latter has taken up the Freudian concept of “induction of thought”. This allows him to link empathy, through “the transfer of thought”, to the associative and representational co-thinking of the therapist and the patient. What is this co-work? In psychoanalytic relaxation, for example, we know that a particular word, a phrase, a phoneme can have, for the relaxer, an emotional impact that is inscribed in his thought (reverie) and in his body (sensation). Passion allows creative psychic care by producing from living. It strengthens our need for new projects that boost our motivation and confidence. It maintains our desire to be at the heart of psychic work and that of transmitting that strength. Creativity is not the ability to create a work, it is the ability to creatively live a meaningful life (Winnicott). It is vitality in the service of self-building. Stay alive and passionate, even late in practice, not because of knowledge, experience, but because of the uninterrupted work in self-discovery. To conclude? I consider that a living therapeutic process, that is, subjective appropriation, implies a passionate character in the therapist who offers a place for what is to be deposited there. We are often in paradoxical situations. To better understand its scope, I rely on the Oxford Dictionary's definition: a paradox is an assertion that seems absurd, though maybe truly well-founded. It's all in the maybe. Isn’t the psyche that heals the psyche the passion of dialogue with our unconscious?  相似文献   
3.
The collections created by patients that in the past were locked up until death, and the few spontaneous productions by characters who shut themselves away, but whose pieces of work are being discovered by chance still today (Jeannot's floorboard, work by Henri Darger), are distinguishing by their consistency, whilst the evolution of medical care for patients with psychotic disorders allow gifted teenagers eager to make a career in arts and exhibit their paintings, to express themselves in diversified ways e.g. frequency of self-portraits, incompletion, etc. Even though images allegedly convey a sense of maturation, this representation is to be found amid themes dictated by modernity which are substituting subject matters that are no longer topical for painting.  相似文献   
4.
The authors of this paper recognize the paradox of identifying with the body of work of D. W. Winnicott as it was essential to his view that each analyst has to become the analyst s/he is or can be. This is to avoid the dead hand of conformity and falsity. Nevertheless his work continues to inspire creative use with its concern with health and those conditions for its development. Both authors find themselves committed to history taking, to needing and taking time, to a willingness to wait before interpreting, to a recognition that the self derives originally from a bodily state of unintegration, that the body remains significant for the expression of self‐states, to an understanding of aggression as not primarily associated with destructiveness, to attending to the state of mind in the analyst that encourages the establishment and maintenance of the analytic setting. Clinically their intention is to maintain a continuity within which psychic change can be facilitated, through an attention to the ongoing exchanges between both parties of the analytic relation. Several clinical examples are given from different settings to illustrate the presence of these tenets in their work.  相似文献   
5.
目的:了解海南医学新生的儿童心理虐待状况;比较不同创造力、认知偏差类型的学生的儿童期心理虐待差异。方法:方便取样,采用儿童心理虐待量表、卡特尔多项人格量表-创造力、认知偏差问卷对365名自愿参与的海南省某医学院临床医学专业2014级新生进行测量,对数据进行t检验和方差分析。结果:男生的恐吓、贬损、干涉、纵容维度得分高于女生(t=2.38,2.17,2.40,2.72;P均0.05);独生子女医学新生的忽视维度得分低于非独生子女者,而干涉维度得分高于后者(t=-3.82,2.17;P均0.05);单亲家庭医学新生的忽视和贬损维度得分高于非单亲学生(t=2.80,3.24;P均0.05)。不同创造力等级的医学新生在儿童心理虐待得分上的差异无统计学意义。不同认知偏差类型的医学新生在贬损、干涉维度得分上的差异均有统计学意义(F=10.92,13.54;P均0.001)。结论:不同性别、是否独生、是否单亲的医学新生在儿童期遭受的心理虐待不一样;不同创造力的医学新生在儿童期遭受的心理虐待无差异;不同认知偏差类型的医学新生在童年期遭受的贬损和干涉高于其他类型者。  相似文献   
6.
7.
介绍了创意黏性这一概念,并通过两家医院建设实践案例,阐述了创意产生黏性的原则及在医院建筑设计创作中的应用,赋予了医院建筑作品灵魂。  相似文献   
8.
目的 在健康大学生人群样本中探讨脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)基因内重要的功能性多态位点Val66Met与人类创造力和人格特质的相关性.方法 采用威廉斯创造力量表和艾森克人格量表测量随机选取的830名大学新生(男性272入、女性558)的创造力和人格特质,分析了Val66Met多态性功能位点与4个创造力因子和4个人格特质因子的相关性.结果 Val66Met多态性功能位点与创造力的好奇性因子之间有显著相关性(F=0.519,P=0.036),并且Val等位基因的拷贝数与好奇性呈正相关,Val66Val基因型个体表现出的好奇性最强[(31.924±4.010)分],Met66Met基因型个体的好奇性最差[(30.889±3.478)分];Val66Met多态性功能位点在本研究中与四个人格特质因子之间均无显著相关性(P>0.05);内外向人格特质因子和Val66Met多态性功能位点之间的交互作用对好奇性因子的影响不显著(P=0.747).结论 本研究提示BDNF基因内的多态位点Val66Met在该人群中对人类创造力有显著影响,对人格特质无显著影响.  相似文献   
9.
The present work aims to understand the creative impetus that has sometimes been described in response to one's body being paralysed. When this occurs the individuals experience many internal disruptions, and therefore need to find a new psychological equilibrium. How do they find a way to rebuild themselves? How and why create, when the body has been changed, mutilated, disabled, and when the slightest movement in everyday life becomes difficult? How can we understand this creative escape?Method and resultsThrough many now recognized artists’ work, such as those of Joe Bousquet, Frida Kahlo, Grand Corps Malade, Guilaume de Fonclare, and Jean-Dominique Bauby, we illustrate the way in which some authors have developed a rich imagination and operated fabulous creative processes. In line with the relational psychosomatic approach of Sami-Ali, this article aims to detail the various aspects that “the creative escape” may cover, by exposing the concepts of intellectual escape, escape by reverie and escape by sentimental idyll.Discussion and ConclusionThis paper presents an original approach to the experiences of those who have become paralysed and have developed an outstanding creative energy. The body becomes an object of fiction, true support of creative activity. In addition, our work finds the concept of the creation as a psychosomatic act, through the notions of passage from the commonplace to the imaginary, mutual inclusion and physical dead end.  相似文献   
10.
硕士研究生学位论文选题是研究生培养的关键环节,对其创新能力的培养至关重要。主要结合多年来采用的硕士生独立选题实践情况,探讨独立选题对硕士生创新思维和创新能力培养的作用和意义。  相似文献   
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