Advanced vaccinology training globally: Update and impact of the COVID-19 crisis

The rapid development of innovations and new technologies, the focus on the life-course approach to immunization and equity, and the prevalent hesitancy towards vaccines requires immunization staff to be well-trained and updated regularly in order to deliver quality immunization services to the public. The need for advanced vaccinology training is therefore paramount. In preparation for a second Global Workshop on Advanced Vaccinology Training that took place in March 2022, this paper presents the results of a survey aiming to provide a thorough update of a landscape analysis on advanced vaccinology courses conducted in 2018 and a look at the impact of the COVID-19 crisis. Thirty-three course organizers responded to a survey to provide information on their respective course. Of those, 17 courses are short courses, 11 post-graduate courses and 5 are Master level courses. Most courses are organized on an annual basis. Even though some courses were not sustained overtime, the number of courses has been increasing during the last few years, and at least one vaccinology course is now being offered in each WHO region. Although the training capacity has increased tremendously, the need still exceeds the capacity and many courses have way more applicants than they can select. The most frequent challenges reported included sustainable funding and identifying faculty. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted the delivery of several vaccinology courses, which have been postponed or reformatted to an online or hybrid training event. An e-portal of the global collaboration has been established to facilitate communication between the different courses and to assist future course participants to identify the most suitable course for their needs.     

医学留学生对医学中文课程评价的调查与分析

[目的]对留学生医学中文课程进行评价。[方法]对完成医学中文课程的75名医学留学生进行问卷调查。[结果]医学留学生认为医学中文课程设置合理、教学效果好、实现了教学目标、课程具有实用性;对教材和教师的授课过程的评价较高。[结论]医学中文课程设置在留学生进入临床前能促进留学生掌握医学知识并实现教学的目标,抓好教学过程能提高课程的教学效果。     

消化道恶性肿瘤患者不同疗程化疗后网织红细胞计数的临床研究

目的了解消化道恶性肿瘤患者不同疗程化疗后骨髓造血功能受抑制和恢复过程中白细胞(WBC)、血小板(PLT)和网织红细胞百分比(RET%)的动态变化情况。方法 87例消化道恶性肿瘤患者采用18°×4扇形窥盘和全自动血细胞分析仪检测第1～6个疗程化疗前和化疗后第7、14、21天外周血WBC、PLT和RET%的动态变化。结果 WBC、PLT和RET%第1个疗程与第3、4、5、6个疗程比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);第3个疗程与第5、6个疗程各参数进行比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);第4个与第6个疗程各参数进行比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论WBC、PLT和RET%可作为评价消化道恶性肿瘤患者化疗后骨髓造血功能受抑和开始恢复的敏感指标,可以进一步提高临床治疗的科学性、合理性和有效性,值得临床推广应用。     

医学院校公共事业管理专业课程设置探要

课程设置关系到人才培养的规格、质量,以及人才培养目标的实现。公共事业管理专业作为一个新兴的专业,其课程设置还很不完善。本文对目前我国公共事业管理专业的发展及其课程设置的基本情况进行了简要分析,结合医学院校实际提出了公共事业管理专业课程设置的基本路,提出"两大板块,三平台统一,两层次衔接"的课程设置。     

高校精品课程建设方略初探

打造高质量的精品课程对推动教育教学改革、全面提升教学质量具有重要意义。在正确的建设思想指导下，动态的科学管理保证课程建设良性发展，健全的发展性评价机制监控课程建设质量，结合校情制定正确的精品课程建设方略，有效促进精品课程建设效益的提高。     

医学信息学课程建设

阐述了医学信息学的发展史、研究领域和课程建设内容,并对国内外医学信息学教学进行了比较研究。     

课程思政与工科专业融合的教学探索与实践

为深入落实教育部提出的高校课程思政建设的要求,上海交通大学生物医学工程学院本科专业限选课“近代显微学：仪器原理与生物应用”教学团队基于自身教学实践,针对工科专业教学引入思政内容,提出了新的解决方案。课程通过围绕科学精神、工程伦理和实践能力3类思政元素,构建以学生为主体、教师为主导、成果为导向的教学模式,深入挖掘课程思政要点,并紧密融合专业内容,形成问题引导、线上线下混合的教学方案,最终实现引导学生在课前、课中、课后的教学全流程积极参与知识学习、热点讨论和实践教育等目的。教学实践取得了课程思政润物细无声的预期效果,也为工科专业融入课程思政教育提供了有益的参考。     

54例脊髓型颈椎病手术时机的临床分析

目的准确判断脊髓型颈椎病的病情轻重,及时施行手术治疗,避免病程延长加重脊髓损伤。方法收集我院2003年3月～2009年6月经手术治疗并获随访的脊髓型颈椎病54例,按病程分为A、B两组,A组术前病程≤6月,共25例,B组术前病程6个月,共29例,比较两组病例术后平均改善率以及两组病例中脊髓发生严重损伤的发生率。所有病例均行颈椎常规X线片及MRI检查。结果病程≤6个月的患者术后平均改善率明显高于病程6个月的患者,且差异有统计学意义(P0.01);病程≤6个月的患者术前脊髓严重损伤发生率低于病程6个月的患者,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。脊髓型颈椎病患者MRI均有不同程度的脊髓压迫表现。结论脊髓型颈椎病病程延长将影响手术疗效,但病程较短者脊髓仍然可能发生严重损伤而影响手术疗效,在脊髓发生轻中度损伤时施行手术治疗可以避免脊髓损伤加重。MRI的脊髓压迫表现是决定手术的重要参考。