Moment-Based Multi-Resolution HWENO Scheme for Hyperbolic Conservation Laws

In this paper, a high-order moment-based multi-resolution Hermite weighted essentially non-oscillatory (HWENO) scheme is designed for hyperbolic conservation laws. The main idea of this scheme is derived from our previous work [J. Comput. Phys., 446 (2021) 110653], in which the integral averages of the function and its first order derivative are used to reconstruct both the function and its first order derivative values at the boundaries. However, in this paper, only the function values at the Gauss-Lobatto points in the one or two dimensional case need to be reconstructed by using the information of the zeroth and first order moments. In addition, an extra modification procedure is used to modify those first order moments in the troubled-cells, which leads to an improvement of stability and an enhancement of resolution near discontinuities. To obtain the same order of accuracy, the size of the stencil required by this moment-based multi-resolution HWENO scheme is still the same as the general HWENO scheme and is more compact than the general WENO scheme. Moreover, the linear weights are not unique and are independent of the node position, and the CFL number can still be 0.6 whether for the one or two dimensional case, which has to be 0.2 in the two dimensional case for other HWENO schemes. Extensive numerical examples are given to demonstrate the stability and resolution of such moment-based multi-resolution HWENO scheme.     

新冠肺炎临床评价核心指标集比较分析＊

目的 对已公开发表的新冠肺炎核心指标集及其研究方法进行比较分析，为临床试验和证据转化研究提供参考信息。方法 计算机检索COMET数据库，并补充检索CNKI、WanFang、PubMed、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library等数据库，收集发表的新型冠状病毒肺炎（Coronavirus Disease 2019，COVID-19）核心指标集（Core Outcome Set，COS）研究，检索时间截至为2021年3月31日。按照纳入排除标准筛选文献，并提取研究基本信息、研究方法及指标数据，对其进行描述性分析。结果 共纳入5项COVID-19核心指标集相关研究（4项为COVID-19-COS研究，1项为COVID-19核心指标测量工具研究）。相同的结局指标包括死亡率、病毒核酸检测、临床进展、恢复期、临床症状评分及临床分型等。指标来源主要来自临床试验注册平台和问卷调查；达成共识的方法主要采用共识会议；利益相关群体中临床专家、方法学专家和医疗管理人员涉及较多。结论 不同的新冠肺炎核心指标集研究有一定的共性，但由于应用场景不同，也存在一定差异。随着对疾病认识的深化，相关COVID-19核心指标需要加强测量方法和疗程推荐。     

Development of a core outcome set for venous leg ulceration (CoreVen) research evaluations (protocol)

BackgroundA venous leg ulcer is a chronic leg wound caused by poor venous blood circulation in the lower limbs. It is a recurring condition causing pain, malodour, reduced mobility, and depression. Randomised controlled trials evaluating treatments for venous leg ulcers provide important evidence to inform clinical decision-making. However, for findings to be useful, outcomes need to be clinically meaningful, consistently reported across trials, and fully reported. Research has identified the large number of outcomes reported in venous leg ulcer trials, impacting both synthesis of results, and clinical decision-making. To address this, a core outcome set will be developed. A core outcome set is an agreed standardised set of outcomes which should be, as a minimum, measured and reported in all trials which evaluate treatment effectiveness for a given indication. A core outcome set has the potential to reduce research waste, improve the utility of RCTs, reduce reporting bias, facilitate treatment comparisons across different sources of evidence and expedite the production of systematic reviews, meta-analyses and evidence-based clinical guidelines.AimThe aim of this project is to develop a core outcome set for research evaluating the effectiveness of interventions for treating venous leg ulceration.MethodsThrough a scoping review of the literature on venous leg ulceration, we will firstly identify a list of candidate outcome domains (broad categories in relation to what is being measured) from randomised controlled trials and qualitative research, and outcomes (specific methods in relation to what is being measured). In two further stages, we will use the resulting lists of outcome domains and outcomes to design two online surveys. A range of stakeholders will be invited to participate in the surveys and they will be asked to indicate which outcome domains and outcomes are most important and should be considered as core in future research reports.     

“医信融合”视域下复合型医学人才培养目标及效果评价

培养“医信融合”复合型医学人才是医学高等教育在新时代信息技术发展背景下的历史使命。在引入“医信融合”教育理念的基础上，提出“医信融合”教育的人才培养目标及其内容体系，并据此构建了“医信融合”人才培养质量评价指标，提出了培养效果评价方法。介绍“医信融合”教育人才培养效果的评价方法，对山西医科大学“医信融合”教学效果进行实证分析，从而为“医信融合”教育实践提供借鉴。     

基于SSR标记与化学成分构建十堰地区天师栗核心种质库＊

目的 利用筛选出十堰的天师栗中高多态性SSR位点评价天师栗种质资源的遗传多样性，结合有效药用成分含量，构建十堰地区天师栗核心种质库。方法 收集十堰地区114份天师栗种质资源，以七叶树基因组为参考，采用荧光毛细管电泳筛选出高多态性SSR位点，对天师栗种质资源进行遗传多样性分析。利用HPLC测定不同种质干燥娑罗子中七叶皂苷的含量。采用最小距离逐步聚类取样策略（LDSS），根据遗传多样性保留程度初步筛选出核心种质，并对该核心种质与原始种质的遗传多样性参数进行T检验，选择与原种质差异不显著的核心种质为最佳核心种质。结果 筛选出13对高多态性SSR分子标记，遗传多样性评价结果表明十堰地区天师栗种质资源遗传多样性较高，遗传分化较小，存在着较大的基因流，114份种质资源未分为不同的亚群，周家坝和辽叶居群间具有较近的遗传亲缘关系，且周家坝居群娑罗子中的七叶皂苷A及七叶皂苷B含量普遍较高。最终筛选出的核心种质共23份，占总种质资源的20.17%，其中周家坝12份样本、辽叶6份样本、普龄5份样本。结论 将SSR分子标记与主要有效药用成分结合，采用LDSS取样策略构建十堰地区天师栗种质资源核心种质库的方法具有可行性，能够有效的保存与管理天师栗种质资源，也为当地天师栗品种改良、新品种选育研究等提供了研究基础。     

Appropriateness of End-of-Life Care in People Dying With Dementia: Applying Quality Indicators on Linked Administrative Databases

ObjectivesDementia is a progressive incurable life-limiting illness. Previous research suggests end-of-life care for people with dementia should have a symptomatic focus with an effort to avoid burdensome interventions that would not improve quality of life. This study aims to assess the appropriateness of end-of-life care in people who died with dementia in Belgium and to establish relative performance standards by measuring validated population-level quality indicators.DesignWe conducted a retrospective observational study.Setting and ParticipantsWe included all persons deceased with dementia in 2015 in Belgium. Data from 8 administratively collected population-level databases was linked.MeasuresWe used a validated set of 28 quality indicators for end-of-life dementia care. We compared quality indicator scores across 14 healthcare regions to establish relative benchmarks.ResultsIn Belgium in 2015, 10,629 people died with dementia. For indicators of appropriate end-of-life care, people who died with dementia had on average 1.83 contacts with their family physician in the last week before death, whereas 68.4% died at home or in their nursing home of residence. For indicators of inappropriate end-of-life care, 32.4% were admitted to the hospital and 36.3% underwent diagnostic testing in the last 30 days before death, whereas 25.1% died in the hospital. In the last 30 days, emergency department admission varied between 19% and 31%, dispensing of gastric protectors between 18% and 42%, and antihypertensives between 40% and 53% between healthcare regions, with at least 25% of health regions below 46%.Conclusions and ImplicationsOur study found indications of appropriate as well as inappropriate end-of-life care in people with dementia, including high rates of family physician contact, as well as high percentages of diagnostic testing, and emergency department and hospital admissions. We also found high risk-adjusted variation for multiple quality indicators, indicating opportunity for quality improvement in end-of-life dementia care.     

Cell therapy for osteonecrosis of femoral head and joint preservation

Osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) is a disease of the femoral head and can cause femoral head collapse and arthritis. This can lead to pain and gait disorders. ONFH has various risk factors, it is often progressive, and if untreated results in secondary osteo-arthritis. Biological therapy makes use of bone marrow concentrate, cultured osteoblast and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) obtained from various sources. These are often used in conjunction with core decompression surgery. In this review article, we discuss the current status of cell therapy and its limitations. We also present the future development of biological approach to treat ONFH.     

全国名中医丁书文益气活血解毒法治疗心房颤动的处方用药规律挖掘＊

目的 丁书文教授创新性地提出了心系疾病热毒学说，运用益气活血解毒法治疗房颤疗效显著。本研究以丁教授多年的处方数据为基础，探讨丁教授益气活血解毒法治疗房颤的用药规律。方法 收集来自山东中医药大学附属医院门诊系统的丁书文教授处方数据，筛选出治疗房颤的372个处方，采用关联规则、点式互信息、复杂网络等数据挖掘方法对丁教授的药物配伍和处方进行分析。结果 本研究利用复杂网络分析方法获得了丁教授治疗房颤的核心处方，提示益气活血解毒法是其主要治则治法；利用处方相似性和社团分析方法，获得15组类方，其中3种类方与丁教授总结的三大治法高度符合；为探寻丁教授清热解毒配伍特点，结合关联规则和点式互信息算法，获得了10个丁教授清热解毒配伍药对。结论 数据挖掘技术提供了名医处方数据分析与提炼的可行方法，对丁教授经验的传承和临床应用提供直接可靠的依据。