Good clinical research practice (GCRP) in pharmacodynamic studies of neuromuscular blocking agents III: The 2023 Geneva revision

The set of guidelines for good clinical research practice in pharmacodynamic studies of neuromuscular blocking agents was developed following an international consensus conference in Copenhagen in 1996 (Viby-Mogensen et al., Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1996, 40 , 59–74); the guidelines were later revised and updated following the second consensus conference in Stockholm in 2005 (Fuchs-Buder et al., Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2007, 51 , 789–808). In view of new devices and further development of monitoring technologies that emerged since then, (e.g., electromyography, three-dimensional acceleromyography, kinemyography) as well as novel compounds (e.g., sugammadex) a review and update of these recommendations became necessary. The intent of these revised guidelines is to continue to help clinical researchers to conduct high-quality work and advance the field by enhancing the standards, consistency, and comparability of clinical studies. There is growing awareness of the importance of consensus-based reporting standards in clinical trials and observational studies. Such global initiatives are necessary in order to minimize heterogeneous and inadequate data reporting and to improve clarity and comparability between different studies and study cohorts. Variations in definitions of endpoints or outcome variables can introduce confusion and difficulties in interpretation of data, but more importantly, it may preclude building of an adequate body of evidence to achieve reliable conclusions and recommendations. Clinical research in neuromuscular pharmacology and physiology is no exception.     

Effects of cognitive- and motor-dual tasks on postural control regularity following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

BackgroundHigh injury rates following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) motivate the need to better understand lingering movement deficiencies following return to sport. Athletic competition involves various types of sensory, motor, and cognitive challenges; however, postural control deficiencies during this spectrum of conditions are not well understood following ACLR.Research questionTo what extent is postural control altered following ACLR in the presence of sensory, motor, and cognitive challenges, and does postural control correlate with patient-reported symptoms?MethodsFourteen individuals following ACLR (4 m/10 f, 21.2 ± 2.4 yr, 76.9 ± 19.1 kg, 1.70 ± 0.14 m) and fourteen matched healthy controls (4 m/10 f, 21.2 ± 1.4 yr, 75.4 ± 15.3 kg, 1.70 ± 0.15 m) participated in the study. Participants completed single-leg balance, ACLR limb or matched side for controls, under four conditions: 1) eyes open, 2) eyes closed, 3) visual-cognitive dual task (i.e., reverse digit span), and 4) motor dual task (i.e., catching a ball). Sample entropy (SEn) was calculated for each balance condition to characterize regularity of center of pressure control. Participants also completed patient-reported outcomes to characterize self-reported knee function, symptoms, and fear. A mixed effects model tested for differences in SEn between balance conditions, and Spearman correlations tested for relationships between SEn and patient-reported outcomes.ResultsA significant Group-by-Condition interaction was detected (P = 0.043). While the motor dual task and eyes closed balance conditions were associated with the lowest SEn for both groups, only the visual-cognitive dual task condition demonstrated a significant difference between groups, with the ACLR group having lower SEn [95% confidence interval for ΔSEn: (0.03, 0.35)]. Lower KOOS-Sport scores were associated with decreased SEn for the ACLR group (ρ = 0.81, P < 0.001).SignificanceThese findings are consistent with ACLR individuals using a less automatic approach to postural control compared to controls, particularly when presented with a visual-cognitive challenge. Altered neuromuscular control persists well after ACLR surgery and can be related to patient-reported outcomes.     

医学信息工程专业导论课程设计与实施

为了提高学生对医学信息工程专业的专业定位、培养目标及专业发展方向等的认知程度。结合教学改革的需要,从教学目标、教学内容、教学策略和方法以及形成性评价等方面探讨了专业导论课的课程设计、实施和课程评价。结果显示,医学信息工程专业导论课受到了学生的高度认可,开设导论课是非常有必要的。     

探讨超声刀在开放性甲状腺手术中的疗效及临床应用价值

目的:探讨超声刀在开放性甲状腺手术中的临床疗效及应用价值。方法:选取2017年6月~2018年3月在某院接受甲状腺手术治疗的患者62例作为研究对象,随机分为观察组与对照组各31例,对照组使用传统高频电刀行甲状腺切除术治疗,观察组使用超声刀行开放性甲状腺手术治疗,比较两组围手术期临床指标、术后并发症情况与生活质量变化。结果:观察组各项临床指标良好,除切口长度外,手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量以及住院时间均明显优于对照组,具有统计学差异(P<0.05);观察组术后并发症发生率为6.45%,明显低于对照组的35.48%,具有统计学差异(P<0.05);观察组术后生活质量量表(GQOL-74)各项分值均明显高于对照组,与对照组比较生活质量提升幅度明显,两组具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:超声刀在开放性甲状腺手术中的应用价值非常显著,与传统手术方法相比具有耗时短、出血少、手术创伤小、并发症少等特点,能够有效提升患者生活质量,建议在临床中推广应用。     

疫情期间中医内科网络教学模式的应用与思考

2020年春季学期,受到新冠肺炎疫情的影响,各高校延期开学。针对教育部提出的“停课不停教、停课不停学”目标,望京医院中医内科教研室利用慕课、钉钉、微信等网络平台,实现了停课期间学生们的在线教育,最大程度地保证了教学进度。此种教学方法操作简便、效果良好,实现了远程指导学生在家学习,是一种值得研究及推广的教学模式。     

疫情期间雨课堂在西医院校针灸教学中的应用

疫情当前,为科学防护、有效应对,现我校转变传统的课堂教学为以“雨课堂”为授课平台的线上教学。针灸学属于西医院校中医学必修课内容,对于大多数西医院校的学生,针灸教学内容相对抽象、繁杂。本文将雨课堂这种新的教学模式应用于针灸课程中,通过“课前-课上-课后”的“3段式导学”,充分调动学生主动学习针灸的积极性,活跃课堂气氛,学生可以个性化调整学习节奏,同时为教师提供数据性的反馈结果,及时科学地调整教学内容。在保障学生可以足不出户、安全有效完成教学任务的同时,还可提升教学质量。本研究探讨了雨课堂线上授课在针灸教学中的优势,构建了一次传统文化与现代网络技术的火花碰撞,以期促进针灸教学的课程改革。     

主题创意设计理念在实验诊断学慕课设计中的新应用

随着"互联网+高等教育"打破传统教育的时空界限和学校围墙,慕课平台的大力发展,慕课建设成为如今教学模式的新改革,中国医科大学附属第一医院实验诊断学教研室承担《实验诊断学》的慕课课程建设工作,并首次将主题创意设计的理念应用于医学教育的慕课建设中。课程内容涵盖目前5大专业,9章,19节,82个热门检测项目。本文从主题创意设计的课程设计理念、构建课程框架、组建主题创意团队等多方面探讨实验诊断学慕课课程建设的过程,并通过微信公众号分别对在校学生和社会人士进行关于主题创意设计理念的慕课设计的教学效果评价及满意度调查。调查结果显示在校学生及在职人员实验组的随堂小考成绩、满意度调查得分均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(t=4.266、4.689、4.198、3.869,P <0.001)。主题创意设计理念的慕课设计,有助提高学生对实验诊断课程的兴趣,提高慕课教学的教学质量,且在医学继续教育的领域,也可对相关专业的在职人员起到继续教育的作用。