急救中心新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控"四组五级"转运方案的实践效果分析

目的:探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控急救中心转运方案,为急性传染病蔓延扩散时快速应对提供参考。方法:成立新冠病毒肺炎转运指挥部评估疫情形势,制定转运方案,分设调度接警组、急救转运组、物资保障组、信息流转组四个组,组建确诊和高度疑似患者、医疗机构内部双向转诊、疫区来源发热患者、密切接触者及普通120接警的发热患者五支转运队伍。结果:自2020年1月24日至2月25日疫情防控期动用医生16人,护士15人,司机76人,其中急救中心司机33人,公交志愿者司机43人,动用救护车37辆,负压救护车2辆。在圆满完成转运任务的同时,实现了医务人员"零感染"、转运对象"零交叉感染"的"双零"目标。结论:该方案可作为今后传染病疫情扩散转运提供借鉴,但仍有不足之处需不断探索改进。     

Effect of stromal cell-derived factor-1/CXCR4 axis in neural stem cell transplantation for Parkinson’s disease

Previous studies have shown that neural stem cell transplantation has the potential to treat Parkinson’s disease,but its specific mechanism of action is still unclear.Stromal cell-derived factor-1 and its receptor,chemokine receptor 4(CXCR4),are important regulators of cell migration.We speculated that the CXCR4/stromal cell-derived factor 1 axis may be involved in the therapeutic effect of neural stem cell transplantation in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.A Parkinson’s disease rat model was injected with 6-hydroxydopamine via the right ascending nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway,and then treated with 5μL of neural stem cell suspension(1.5×104/L)in the right substantia nigra.Rats were intraperitoneally injected once daily for 3 days with 1.25 mL/kg of the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 to observe changes after neural stem cell transplantation.Parkinson-like behavior in rats was detected using apomorphine-induced rotation.Immunofluorescence staining was used to determine the immunoreactivity of tyrosine hydroxylase,CXCR4,and stromal cell-derived factor-1 in the brain.Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,the mRNA expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 and CXCR4 in the right substantia nigra were measured.In addition,western blot assays were performed to analyze the protein expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 and CXCR4.Our results demonstrated that neural stem cell transplantation noticeably reduced apomorphine-induced rotation,increased the mRNA and protein expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 and CXCR4 in the right substantia nigra,and enhanced the immunoreactivity of tyrosine hydroxylase,CXCR4,and stromal cell-derived factor-1 in the brain.Injection of AMD3100 inhibited the aforementioned effects.These findings suggest that the stromal cell-derived factor-1/CXCR4 axis may play a significant role in the therapeutic effect of neural stem cell transplantation in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease.This study was approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Kunming Medical University,China(approval No.SYXKK2015-0002)on April 1,2014.     

Toxic tau: structural origins of tau aggregation in Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by the extracellular accumulation of the amyloidβin the form of amyloid plaques and the intracellular deposition of the microtubule-associated protein tau in the form of neurofibrillary tangles.Most of the Alzheimer’s drugs targeting amyloidβhave been failed in clinical trials.Particularly,tau pathology connects greatly in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease.Tau protein enhances the stabilization of microtubules that leads to the appropriate function of the neuron.Changes in the quantity or the conformation of tau protein could affect its function as a microtubules stabilizer and some of the processes wherein it is involved.The molecular mechanisms leading to the accumulation of tau are principally signified by numerous posttranslational modifications that change its conformation and structural state.Therefore,aberrant phosphorylation,as well as truncation of tau protein,has come into focus as significant mechanisms that make tau protein in a pathological entity.Furthermore,the shape-shifting nature of tau advocates to comprehend the progression of Alzheimer’s disease precisely.In this review,we emphasize the recent studies about the toxic and shape-shifting nature of tau in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease.     

Lycium barbarum extract promotes M2 polarization and reduces oligomeric amyloid-β-induced inflammatory reactions in microglial cells

Lycium barbarum(LB)is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been demonstrated to exhibit a wide variety of biological functions,such as antioxidation,neuroprotection,and immune modulation.One of the main mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease is that microglia activated by amyloid beta(Aβ)transform from the resting state to an M1 state and release pro-inflammatory cytokines to the surrounding environment.In the present study,immortalized microglial cells were pretreated with L.barbarum extract for 1 hour and then treated with oligomeric Aβfor 23 hours.The results showed that LB extract significantly increased the survival of oligomeric Aβ-induced microglial cells,downregulated the expression of M1 pro-inflammatory markers(inducible nitric oxide synthase,tumor necrosis factorα,interleukin-6,and interleukin-1β),and upregulated the expression of M2 anti-inflammatory markers(arginase-1,chitinase-like protein 3,and interleukin-4).LB extract also inhibited the oligomeric Aβ-induced secretion of tumor necrosis factorα,interleukin-6,and interleukin-1βin microglial cells.The results of in vitro cytological experiments suggest that,in microglial cells,LB extract can inhibit oligomeric Aβ-induced M1 polarization and concomitant inflammatory reactions,and promote M2 polarization.     

护士分层级管理对急性肝炎患者护理满意度的影响

目的分析护士分层级管理的实施对急性肝炎患者护理满意度的影响。方法该院自2018年3月起实施护士分层级管理,以该院10名肝病科护理人员为研究对象,其中2017年3月—2018年2月实施前(对照组)及2018年3月—2019年2月实施后(研究组)的管理效果。结果与对照组比较,研究组患者的病房管理、患者护理、文书书写、基础护理、入院宣教方面的护理质量评分均明显升高(P<0.05);与对照组82.29%的护理总满意率比较,研究组护理总满意率显著升高,达到了97.92%(P<0.05);与对照组工作自我满意度比较,研究组患者的自我价值体现等方面的工作自我满意度评分均明显升高(P<0.05)。结论护士分层级管理策略的实施,有效提高了急性肝炎患者护理满意度,提升了科室护理质量。     

岳池县人民医院

岳池县人民医院创建于1940年,是一所集医疗、教学、科研、保健、康复于一体的三级乙等综合性医院,是四川大学华西医院、四川省人民医院、西部战区总医院协作医院,川北医学院教学医院。医院占地面积90亩,建筑总面积7.86万平方米,其中医用建筑面积4.79万平方米。占地200余亩的城东院区正在规划设计中。     

益气提升方联合选择性痔上黏膜切除钉合术治疗Ⅲ度脱垂性内痔的临床疗效

目的:观察益气提升方联合选择性痔上黏膜切除钉合术(tissue-selecting therapy stapler,TST)治疗Ⅲ度脱垂性内痔的临床疗效及对患者外周血Th1/Th2的影响。方法:选取2015年5月至2017年8月本院收治的Ⅲ度脱垂性内痔患者80例为研究对象,均符合Ⅲ度脱垂性内痔诊断标准,随机分为观察组与对照组,每组40例。两组患者均行TST手术治疗,对照组术后给予草木犀流浸液片口服治疗,观察组术后给予益气提升方治疗,观察两组患者临床疗效、疼痛VAS评分,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测2组患者Th1细胞因子(IL-2、IFN-γ)、Th2细胞因子(IL-4、IL-10)水平。结果:观察组有效率97. 50%,对照组有效率92. 50%,两组有效率比较,差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05);两组患者术后第5天及术后第7天VAS评分均低于术后第1天,且观察组VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05);观察组术后第7天IL-2、IFN-γ水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05);两组患者IL-4、IL-10水平比较,无统计学差异(P 0. 05)。结论:益气提升方联合TST治疗Ⅲ度脱垂性内痔效果确切,可减轻患者术后疼痛,能够提高Th1细胞因子水平,平衡体内Th1/Th2。     

All roads lead to Rome-a review of the potential mechanisms by which exerkines exhibit neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer’s disease

Age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)have become a critical public health issue due to the significantly extended human lifespan,leading to considerable economic and social burdens.Traditional therapies for AD such as medicine and surgery remain ineffective,impractical,and expensive.Many studies have shown that a variety of bioactive substances released by physical exercise(called“exerkines”)help to maintain and improve the normal functions of the brain in terms of cognition,emotion,and psychomotor coordination.Increasing evidence suggests that exerkines may exert beneficial effects in AD as well.This review summarizes the neuroprotective effects of exerkines in AD,focusing on the underlying molecular mechanism and the dynamic expression of exerkines after physical exercise.The findings described in this review will help direct research into novel targets for the treatment of AD and develop customized exercise therapy for individuals of different ages,genders,and health conditions.