关节镜辅助下球囊扩张成形术治疗中重度营养不良跟骨关节内骨折

目的 分析关节镜辅助下球囊扩张成形术治疗中重度营养不良跟骨关节内骨折的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2014年3月至2017年2月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第910医院骨科收治的跟骨关节内骨折患者55例。其中，男14例，女41例; 年龄47 ～ 76岁，平均（61.2±8.7）岁; 骨折Sanders分型: Ⅱ型12例，Ⅲ型17例，Ⅳ型26例。营养不良程度：中度40例，重度15例; 跟骨骨密度T值-5.2 ～ -2.7，平均-（4.1±0.6）。根据手术方式分为“关节镜+球囊”组15例、单纯球囊组12例、螺钉组8例和钢板组20例。记录手术时间、术中术后出血量、住院时间、术后B?hler角和Gissane角、各时间点关节面塌陷高度及各时间点VAS评分和AOFAS评分。结果 “关节镜+球囊”组手术时间长于单纯球囊组和螺钉组（P<0.01），但低于钢板组（P<0.01）；而术中、术后出血量和住院时间方面，与单纯球囊组、螺钉组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），但低于钢板组（P<0.01）。“关节镜+球囊”组和单纯球囊组各时间点的VAS评分和AOFAS评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）; 但“关节镜+球囊组”、单纯球囊组与螺钉组、钢板组比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。四组间术后B?hler角和Gissane角比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。在术后6、12、24个月时“关节镜+球囊”组和单纯球囊组比较关节面塌陷高度比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）; 螺钉组和钢板组关节面塌陷高度比较，差异也无统计学意义（P>0.05）; 但“关节镜+球囊”组与螺钉组、钢板组，单纯球囊组与螺钉组、钢板组关节面塌陷高度比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论 关节镜辅助下球囊扩张成形术治疗中重度营养不良跟骨关节内骨折，具有操作简单、安全、康复期短的优点，值得临床推广。     

Safety and efficacy of balloon angioplasty in symptomatic intracranial stenosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background and purposeEndovascular treatment is offered for symptomatic intracranial stenosis (ICS) when medical therapy fails. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the risks and effectiveness of balloon angioplasty (BA) alone.Materials and methodsSystematic review and meta-analysis of all available articles on BA for symptomatic ICS was conducted. Data was analyzed separately for > 70% (Group 1) and > 50% (Group 2) stenosis. The results of the Group 1 were compared with those of SAMMPRIS study to the extent possible.ResultsA total of 25 studies comprising 674 patients were included. The cumulative incidence of periprocedural (within 30 days) stroke and death were 16.3% (Group 1), 7.6% (Group 2) and 11.5% (all studies). Incidence rates of ischemic stroke in the qualifying artery territory during follow-up (per 100 patient-years) were 2.0, 2.4 and 2.3, any stroke and death during follow-up were 4.4, 7.4 and 6.9, restenosis rates were 4.9, 11.5 and 8.9 respectively.While comparison of cumulative incidences of periprocedural ischemic stroke between Group 1 (13.0%) and the medical arm from SAMMPRIS study(4.4%) showed a significant difference (P = 0.008), there was no significant difference between the Group 1 and the stenting arm from SAMMPRIS study(10.7%) in the same variable.ConclusionBalloon angioplasty for stenosis of more than 70% is likely to have similar outcome comparable to the stenting arm in the SAMMPRIS study, however it presents lower rates of late ischemic events and restenosis. These data may help deciding on the endovascular method of choice in case of medical therapy failure.     

Impact of Cardiovascular Interventions on the Quality of Life in the Elderly

INTRODUCTION

The elderly population is growing rapidly. Political and socio-economic changes led to the demographic transition in this population with the highest number of surgeries and as well as many comorbidities.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the impact of cardiovascular intervention on quality of life of elderly patients after three and six months.

METHODS

Analytical prospective cohort study with elderly between 60 and 80 years of age, of both sexes, with a diagnosis of coronary artery disease and underwent cardiovascular intervention during the period June 2010 to June 2011. Data were collected by individual interviews in the pre and postoperative periods (after three and six months) by telephone. We used the SF-36 to analyse quality of life in order to assess the physical and mental health of the study population.

RESULTS

Of the 44 individuals evaluated, 59.1% were men, 75% in the range of 65 to 74 years, 38.6% were white and 38.6% were black, 31.8% were uneducated, 43.2% were married and 68.2% had less than a minimum wage. Prevailed patients: non-diabetics (68.2%), non-obese (81.8%), hypertensive (84.1%), non-alcoholic and non-smokers (68.2% and 61.4%, respectively). A significant increase in the average of the SF-36 scores between pre and post-surgical periods (three and six months) for the domains: functional capacity, pain, general health, vitality and emotional aspect.

CONCLUSION

The elderly population undergoing intervention may have cardiovascular benefits and improvements of quality of life. Physical fitness improvement measures can be taken to resume that capability.     

乳头括约肌小切开加大口径柱状气囊扩张治疗胆总管结石的价值

目的探讨采用内镜下乳头括约肌小切开加大口径气囊扩张(ESBD)治疗胆总管结石的有效性及并发症。方法将90例肝外胆管结石且胆管直径13 mm的患者,随机分成3组各30例,EST(内镜下乳头括约肌切开)组、EPBD(内镜下乳头柱状气囊扩张术)组、ESBD组,再行取石治疗。观察3组病例的结石清除率、结石清除时间、多次取石数、碎石器使用率及并发症等情况。结果 EST、EPBD和ESBD组I期结石清除率分别为96.7%(29/30)、90.0%(27/30)和100%(30/30)(P=0.160),结石清除时间分别为(21.50±6.69)min、(22.97±6.62)min和(17.77±4.37)min(P=0.004),碎石器使用率分别为36.7%、30.0%和10.0%(P=0.048),多次取石数分别为23、25和16例(P=0.027)。3组近期并发症差异无统计学意义;远期并发症分别为8、4和1例(P=0.036)。结论内镜下乳头括约肌小切开加大口径气囊扩张是清除胆总管结石的有效方法,尤其适合于胆总管巨大结石或行乳头切开取石困难者。