Molecular characterization of infectious bronchitis virus in Southwestern China for the protective efficacy evaluation of four live vaccine strains

The high mutation rate of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) poses a significant threat to the protective efficacy of vaccines. This study aimed at analyzing the S1 genes of IBV field strains isolated in Southwestern China from 2018 to 2020, assessing the pathogenicity of four dominating strains, and evaluating the protective efficacy of four commercial vaccine strains against the endemic representative strains. Thirty-two field strains of IBV were isolated in Southwestern China from 2018 to 2020. Phylogenetic analysis of their S1 genes revealed the nucleotide homology ranged from 64.6% to 100%, and belonged to five genotypes [GI-19 (QX, 53.13%), GI-28 (LDT3-A,15.63%), GI-7 (TW, 12.50%), GI-1 (Mass, 6.23%), GVI-1 (TC07-2, 6.25%)], and two variant groups [variant-3 (3.13%) and variant-5 (3.13%)]. Recombination events between field and vaccine strains or between field strains were identified in the S1 genes of eight IBV field strains. The CK/CH/YNKM/191128 and CK/CH/CQBS/191203 strains of GI-19 showed morbidity rates of 66.7% and 73.7%, respectively, and mortality rates of 13.3% and 33.3%, respectively. Besides, the CK/CH/SCYC/191030 and CK/CH/GZGY/191021 strains of GI-28 caused morbidity rates of 60% and 86.7%, respectively, and mortality rates of 33.3%. The protective efficacy of the four commercial live vaccine strains (4/91, FNO-E55, LDT3-A, and QXL87) ranged from 70% ? 100% and reduced tissue lesions against CK/CH/GZGY/191021 and CK/CH/CQBS/191203 strains. LDT3-A strain was the most effective one but still could not completely prohibit IBV shedding. These findings provide a reference for IBV molecular evolution analysis and control of IB.     

延续性护理对提高老年慢性支气管炎患者生活质量的影响

目的:探讨延续性护理对提高老年慢性支气管炎患者生活质量及降低并发症的影响。方法:2017年5月至2018年2月收治的45例患者为对照组,应用常规护理方法;2018年3-12月收治的46例为干预组,在对照组的基础上采取出院后延续性护理。比较干预前、干预3个月后2组患者生活质量及并发症发生的情况。结果:SF-36生活质量量表中除日常活动功能(RP)维度外(62.61±9.79VS63.76±8.53,P>0.05),干预组患者在躯体功能(60.88±7.86)、社会活动功能(58.32±6.74)、身体疼痛(53.37±8.67)、活力(59.67±11.41)、总体健康(58.94±7.62)5个维度评分均高于对照组(66.18±8.81、63.27±7.19、56.47±7.34、65.38±9.47、62.71±10.08)P<0.05;干预组并发症发生率低于对照组(10.87%VS26.67%,P<0.05)。结论:延续性护理能提高老年慢性支气管炎患者的生活质量,降低并发症的发生率。     

New PA/1220/98-like variant of infectious bronchitis virus in Poland

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study was to report the first detection of a new infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) variant in Polish commercial flocks which is completely different to any previously known in this region. In 2018, samples from Ross 308 breeding hens aged 35 weeks were delivered for IBV diagnosis. IBV presence was detected, but all attempts to amplify the S gene fragment were negative. The field material was analysed using the Illumina MiSeq platform and a 1073-nt fragment of the S1 coding region was obtained. The gCoV/ck/Poland/516/2018 strain shared only 52.7–58.1% nucleotide identity to any known genotype of IBV and shared the highest identity of 81.4% to the unique North American PA/1220/98 variant. Based on the obtained sequence, a specific molecular test was constructed and used for screening of chicken samples from 35 field cases delivered to our laboratory between 2018 and 2019 for IBV diagnosis. Application of this test enabled detection of another three chicken flocks as positive for this new strain. All positives were identified in commercial layers with egg production problems. To date, the virus has not been detected in broiler chickens. Taking into account the proposed criteria for the definition of a new IBV genotype or lineage, it seems that the detected viruses in Poland, together with the unique North American PA/1220/98 variant, may be classified as separate lineages/genotype in the new IBV classification.

RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS

• The new IBV variant is distantly related to other known GI–GVII IBV genotypes/lineages.

• It affects long-lived birds causing egg production problems.

• The detected IBV and the unique North American PA/1220/98 variant are candidates for separate lineages in the new GVIII genotype.

     

63例儿童流行性感冒合并塑型性支气管炎的临床特征分析

目的 研究儿童流行性感冒（简称流感）合并塑型性支气管炎的临床特征。方法 回顾性分析63例流感合并塑型性支气管炎患儿的临床表现、实验室检查、影像学、治疗及转归特点。结果 63例患儿中，男52例（83%），女11例（17%），其中甲型流感42例，乙型流感21例。3~6岁儿童38例（60％）。15例（24%）有基础性疾病。主要的临床表现包括高热（90%）、咳嗽（95%）和气促（73%）。影像学检查显示肺不张24例（38%）。16例（25%）听诊无肺部啰音。入住重症监护室41例，呼吸机辅助通气32例。63例患儿均行纤维支气管镜检查及肺泡灌洗。好转60例，死亡3例。结论 儿童流感合并塑型性支气管炎以男性及学龄前儿童多见。对于有气促的流感患儿，即使胸部X线未提示肺不张或听诊无肺部啰音，也需要警惕合并塑型性支气管炎的可能。     

盐酸氨溴索与多索茶碱治疗慢性支气管炎的疗效评价

目的探讨对慢性支气管炎急性发作期患者采用盐酸氨溴索联合多索茶碱治疗的临床疗效。方法选取本院收治的慢性支气管炎急性发作期患者88例为研究对象,收治时间为2018年3月-2019年3月,根据入院时间将患者随机分为两组,对照组(n=44)和观察组(n=44)。观察组患者采用盐酸氨溴索联合多索茶碱治疗,对照组采用多索茶碱治疗,对两组患者治疗后的治疗有效率以及两组患者症状改善情况进行观察比较。结果观察组患者治疗有效率(97.7%)高于对照组(84.1%),P <0.05;观察组患者症状改善情况优于对照组,P <0.05。结论盐酸氨溴索联合多索茶碱治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作期患者,临床疗效较好,改善患者症状情况。     

中西医结合治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作临床观察

目的研究中西医结合治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作的效果。方法选取2018年11月-2019年11月就诊的60例慢性支气管炎急性发作期患者作为此次研究的对象,其中2018年11月-2019年4月到院的30例患者归为对照组,予以常规西医给药治疗;2019年4月-2019年11月到院的30例患者归为观察组,在对照组的基础身上予以清化止咳汤治疗,对比2组的临床疗效、不良症状改善的时间变化情况及不良反应的发生情况。结果观察组患者的临床总有效率(93.33%)显著高于对照组(73.33%)(P<0.05)。观察组患者不良症状改善的时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者的不良反应发生率(6.67%)显著低于对照组(26.67%)(P<0.05)。结论予以慢性支气管炎急性发作期患者中西结合治疗,能够有效的减轻其临床症状,使不良症状能够更快速的得到改善,并且减少不良反应的发生现象,进一步提高患者身体健康的恢复。     

壮医龙盘止咳方治疗小儿急性支气管炎风热犯肺证30例临床观察

目的:观察壮医龙盘止咳方治疗小儿急性支气管炎风热犯肺证的临床疗效。方法:选取60例急性支气管炎风热犯肺证的患儿,将其随机分为2组,每组各30例。治疗组采用壮医龙盘止咳方治疗,对照组予小儿宣肺止咳颗粒治疗,治疗5d后观察2组患儿的疗效、白介素-4(IL-4)和干扰素-γ(INF-γ)含量的变化情况,并进行中医证候评分。结果:总有效率治疗组为89.66%(26/29),对照组为76.67%(23/30),2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组治疗后IL-4高于对照组,INF-γ及中医证候积分均低于对照组,各项指标组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:壮医龙盘止咳方治疗小儿急性支气管炎风热犯肺证疗效显著,值得推广应用。     

Spontaneous resolution of plastic bronchitis in a patient post hemi-Mustard/bidirectional Glenn atrial switch procedure in the double-switch operation for congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries after course of Augmentin

We report the case of a five-year-old girl with plastic bronchitis after repaired complex congenital heart disease, who became asymptomatic after a short course of Augmentin. We report the disease regression as response either to antibiotic or as coincidental with spontaneous resolution.     

隔药饼灸对慢性支气管炎模型大鼠外周血中T细胞亚群的影响

目的:观察隔药饼灸对慢性支气管炎模型大鼠外周血中T细胞亚群含量的影响,探讨隔药饼灸防治慢性支气管炎的可能机制。方法:48只SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、隔药饼灸组、核酪口服液组4组各12只,采用改良烟熏法复制慢性支气管炎大鼠模型,流式细胞术检测血清中T细胞亚群含量变化。结果:与空白组比较,模型组大鼠外周血中CD^4+、CD^8+、CD^ 4+/CD^8+明显降低;与模型组比较,隔药饼灸组、核酪口服液组CD^4+、CD^8+及CD^4+/CD^8+升高;与核酪口服液组比较,隔药饼灸组CD^4+、CD^8+、CD^4+/CD^8+升高更明显。结论:隔药饼灸可能通过上调外周血中CD^4+、CD^8+T细胞亚群含量,提高CD^4+/CD^8+,起到对慢性支气管炎的防治作用。     

盐酸氨溴索与多索茶碱联合治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作的临床效果

目的分析盐酸氨溴索与多索茶碱联合治疗慢性支气管炎(CBC)急性发作的临床效果。方法选取2018年2月至2019年2月我院收治的108例CBC急性发作期患者作为研究对象,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析,按照治疗方式的不同将患者分为对照组和观察组,每组54例。对照组给予盐酸氨溴索治疗,观察组给予盐酸氨溴索联合多索茶碱治疗。比较两组的治疗效果。结果观察组的治疗总有效率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组的VC、PEF、FEV1及FEV1/FVC均增高,且观察组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组的TNF-α、IL-8、IL-6、PCT、CRP水平均下降,且观察组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组的症状、活动能力评分均下降,且观察组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论盐酸氨溴索与多索茶碱联合治疗CBC急性发作的效果显著,能够有效改善患者炎性因子水平和肺功能,促进了患者生活质量水平的提高,值得临床推广应用。