酶联免疫吸附试验、间接荧光抗体试验、间接免疫过氧化物酶染色试验诊断人体旋毛虫病的初步研究

用ELISA、IFA和IIP试验检测11例旋毛虫病人血清特异性抗体,阳性率分别为72.72％、81.82％和81.82%。它们之间无统计学差异,3项试验结果间存在良好一致性。 同时检测了30份健康献血员血清和20例其他寄生虫病人血清(包括华支睾吸虫病、四川肺吸虫病、日本血吸虫病、包虫病和阿米巴肝脓肿),旋毛虫病人组的ELISA、IFA和IIP阳性率明显为高。 由于3项免疫学试验均具有较好的特异性和灵敏性,故可以单独或联合用于人体旋毛虫病的诊断和流行病学调查。     

The GABA hypothesis of kindling: Recent assay studies

The GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) hypothesis of kindling suggests that the permanent changes caused by the kindling procedure result from a loss of GABA-mediated inhibition. Pharmacological studies have generally supported this hypothesis: GABA-complex antagonists accelerate (or stimulate) kindling, whereas GABA-complex agonists retard (or reverse) it. Assay studies, however, have presented an inconsistent picture. Earlier studies found no GABAergic brain changes after kindling, whereas recent studies have reported postkindling changes in a number of GABA-related parameters. The crucial difference seems to be that earlier studies assayed GABA parameters in "whole tissue," whereas recent studies have concentrated on "synaptic" GABA. As indicated by recent studies, when the "metabolic pool" is excluded, kindled subjects show a variety of persistent abnormalities in the GABA system. These data are generally consistent with the GABA hypothesis of kindling.     

Assessment of cyclooxygenase inhibitors using in vitro assay systems

Various inhibitors of cyclooxygenase are known to mediate cancer chemopreventive effects. We currently describe two in vitro assay systems for measuring cyclooxygenase activity. These assays can be used in combination and thereby provide a rapid, reliable, and economical approach that is applicable for large-scale evaluation of test samples. This approach employs peroxidase co-substrate oxidation and oxygen consumption assays. The former system, adapted to a 96-well plate format, detects inhibitors that function as a radical scavengers or interact with the enzyme directly. The latter system specifically monitors cyclooxygenase inhibitors that interact with the enzyme itself. Thus, the peroxidase co-substrate oxidation assay serves as a pre-screening method, whereas the oxygen consumption assay is used subsequently to investigate the mode of action mediated by samples which test positive.     

前列腺癌穿刺活检组织中端粒酶活性检测及意义

目的;探讨前列腺穿刺活检标本中端粒酶（TE）活性检测在前列腺癌（PCA）诊断、鉴别诊断及评估PCA生物学行为中的意义。方法：应用端粒重复片段扩增法（TRAP法）检测疑为前列腺癌患者的前列腺穿刺活检标本的TE活性,并比较TE活性水平与PCA病理分化程度及转移情况的关系。结果：PCA组织中TE活性明显高于前列腺增生（BPH）组织。PCA组织中TE活性水平与其病理分化程度及转移情况相关。结论：PCA患者的前列有朱穿刺活检组织中的TE活性显著高于BPH者,且与其病理分化程度及转移情况相关。提示TE可能成为PCA早期诊断及鉴别诊断的一项新的分子瘤标,并可能与PCA的生物学行为相关。     

复方补血胶囊中葡萄糖酸亚铁的含量测定

目的：复方补血胶囊中葡萄糖酸亚铁的含量测定。方法：根据Fe^2 与邻二氮菲显色,在510nm处有最大吸收,利用分光光度法测定。结果：葡萄糖亚铁在7－34μg/ml的浓度范围内线性关系良好（r=0.9999),回收率、日内变异均符合要求,结论：建立了复方补血胶囊中葡萄糖酸亚铁的含量测定方法。     

RSV neutralization assays – Use in immune response assessment

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of respiratory illness among children and infants worldwide, yet no licensed vaccine exists to reduce the risk of disease. At least 16 RSV vaccine candidates are currently in clinical development and many are designed to induce robust virus neutralizing immune responses. RSV neutralizing antibody (nAb)-mediated interventions such as intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and palivizumab provide passive protection against serious lower respiratory tract disease due to RSV, validating nAbs as a correlate of protection. To identify correlates of protection for vaccine candidates that have demonstrated their protective efficacy, an investigator can use assays designed to measure nAb responses. However, there is no standard method of measurement; individual laboratories have developed their own methods to measure the ability of nAbs to reduce the infectivity of a defined virus dose in a variety of cell lines, leading to establishment of the broad variety of RSV neutralization assay formats currently in use.Standardizing the RSV neutralization assay is an essential step toward better assessment of nAb responses to vaccine candidates. Use of a common reference standard by all makes comparing the immunogenicity of different vaccine candidates feasible. In the context of vaccine development, the WHO 1^st International Standard for Antiserum to RSV (RSV IS) has been shown to be suitable for harmonizing results across laboratories and assay formats used to measure nAb titers to RSV/A and RSV/B in human sera.This review describes the broad variety of RSV virus neutralization assay formats currently in use and the importance of the RSV IS for harmonization of results across formats and across laboratories. It also outlines good practices for key assay components and data analysis to promote the quality and consistency of measuring RSV nAb titers in serum specimens.     

大肠癌患者术前血清CEA、CRP含量测定的临床意义

目的 探讨大肠癌术前血清ＣＥＡ、ＣＲＰ含量同时测定的临床意义。方法 测定２９７例大肠癌患者术前血清ＣＥＡ、ＣＲＰ含量,分析其与病理分期、浸占肠管周径、病理类型之间的关系。结果 ＣＥＡ、ＣＲＰ同时测定的总阳性率为９０．５７％,明显高于单项测定的阳性率;ＣＥＡ、ＣＲＰ阳性率与癌肿的范围、病理分期和病理类型密切相关。结论 术前血清ＣＥＡ、ＣＲＰ同时检测具有显著的互补性和临床意义。     

胶体金层析法检测恶性疟原虫HRPII抗原的应用研究

目的 :建立一种简易快速 ,适于基层或流行病学调查的自测式胶体金免疫层析法 (GICA)用于检测恶性疟原虫中 H RPII抗原 ,判定是否现症感染。方法 :用 GICA测试条检测全血及滤纸血样中的 H RPII抗原。结果 :40例恶性疟全血及滤纸血 H RPII抗原阳性检出率均为 1 0 0 ,与镜检结果相符合 ;2 5例间日疟均为阴性。结论 :GICA检测血中恶性疟原虫 H RPII抗原特异性强、灵敏度高、简便快速 ,无需特殊仪器设备 ,滤纸血的应用使样本的采集、保存和运输更为便利 ,适合大规模流行病学调查和基层使用 ,有广泛应用价值。     

铁路危险品货运站空气污染物的致遗传毒性作用研究

采用ＳＯＳ／ｕｍｕ 试验和ＳＯＳ 原位试验,对铁路危险品货运站（ 以下简称危货站） 空气污染物的致遗传毒性进行了研究。结果表明：在不加Ｓ９ 活化系统的条件下,危货站空气污染颗粒提取物具有致遗传毒性作用,可使ＴＡ１５３５／ＰＳＫ１００２ 菌株产生β半乳糖苷酶的量增加,并存在剂量—反应关系;加入Ｓ９ 活化系统后,则ＳＯＳ／ｕｍｕ 试验阴性。同时,应用ＳＯＳ 原位法,对危货站空气污染的综合致遗传毒性进行了现场监测。结果显示,随采样体积的增加,β半乳糖苷酶的量也增加,采样体积与酶诱导率之间,存在剂量—反应关系。     

铁路危险品货运站空气污染指标的探讨

铁路危险品货运站（危货站）空气污染物种类多,空气污染严重,为探讨对其监测和评价的综合性能指标和方法,采用空气耗氧量（ＡＯＤ）和ＳＯＳ致遗传毒性原位监测法（ＳＯＳ原位法）,分别对危货站空气污染进行了研究。结果表明,危货站中各点所测ＡＯＤ值与对照区ＡＯＤ值,在统计学上差异均有显著性（Ｐ〈０．０５）。ＳＯＳ原位法显示,随采样体积的增加,β－半乳糖苷酶的量也增加,采样体积与酶诱导率之间存在剂量－反应关系。