人格特质对二胎返岗护士产适应水平的影响

目的 了解二胎返岗护士适应水平现状,并探讨人格特质对其返岗适应水平的影响。方法 2018年1-12月,采用便利抽样法选取山东省3所三级甲等医院360名护士为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、艾森克人格问卷、护士产后返岗适应问卷对其进行调查。结果 护士产二胎后返岗适应水平均分为(2.16±0.51)分;外向型人格特征与返岗适应水平呈正相关(r=0.540,P<0.001),精神质、神经质人格特征与返岗适应水平均呈负相关(r=-0.410,P<0.001;r=-0.350,P<0.001)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、返岗时间、工作负荷、返岗培训、内-外倾向、精神质、神经质是护士产二胎后返岗适应的独立影响因素。结论 护士产二胎后返岗适应处于中等偏下水平,人格特质、生育年龄、返岗时间、工作负荷、返岗培训为其影响因素,护理管理者可结合人格特质等特点采取管理策略,提高护士产二胎后返岗适应的水平。     

适应性回归分析(Ⅲ)——构建具有混合结构的回归模型

本文目的是通过两个实例介绍适应性回归样条算法对具有混杂结构的数据集进行回归建模的实践。当一个数据集包含多个不同的回归模型时,只要给定分类变量的具体取值,SAS中的"ADAPTIVEREG过程"可以比较准确地发掘出其内在规律,并以图形方式呈现模型对资料的拟合效果,还能呈现由"基函数"及其组合所构造出的"回归模型"。图形呈现的结果确实可以给分析者提供一些有价值的"分析线索"或"积极暗示",缩小"探索性研究的空间"。     

Adaptability of anticipatory postural adjustments associated with voluntary movement

The control of balance is crucial for efficiently performing most of our daily motor tasks, such as those involving goal-directed arm movements or whole body displacement. The purpose of this article is twofold. Firstly, it is to recall how balance can be maintained despite the different sources of postural perturbation arising during voluntary movement. The importance of the so-called "anticipatory postural adjustments" (APA), taken as a "line of defence" against the destabilizing effect induced by a predicted perturbation, is emphasized. Secondly, it is to report the results of recent studies that questioned the adaptability of APA to various constraints imposed on the postural system. The postural constraints envisaged here are classified into biomechanical (postural stability, superimposition of motor tasks), (neuro) physiological (fatigue), temporal (time pressure) and psychological (fear of falling, emotion). Overall, the results of these studies point out the capacity of the central nervous system (CNS) to adapt the spatio-temporal features of APA to each of these constraints. However, it seems that, depending on the constraint, the "priority" of the CNS was focused on postural stability maintenance, on body protection and/or on maintenance of focal movement performance.     

癫痫儿童智能和适应能力分析及抗癫痫药物治疗的影响

目的：分析癫痫儿童与正常儿童智能和适应能力差别,观察抗癫痫药物治疗前后对智能和适应能力的影响。方法：选择2013年1月至2013年12月我院50例9～16岁癫痫患儿,随机分为两组,分别给予奥卡西平（ OXC）和卡马西平（ CBZ）治疗,于治疗前和治疗12个月后测试智能和适应能力,并选择同期性别、年龄、父母文化程度与之相匹配的健康检查正常儿童50例设为正常组,采用相同的方法测试智能和适应能力。结果：癫痫组和正常组WISC－R评分中语言IQ、操作IQ及总IQ评分差异无显著性（ P＞0．05）;单项评分中,算术、常识、理解、图片排列、类同、拼图评分差异无显著性（ P＞0．05）;但癫痫儿童背数、译码、填缺评分明显低于正常组（P＜0．05）。癫痫组患儿P300潜伏期异常率为28．0％,高于正常组,SLPS正常率为70．0％,低于正常组（ P＜0．05）。服用抗癫痫药物12个月,CBZ组患儿背数评分较治疗前略有降低,两组语言IQ、操作IQ、总IQ评分及各单项评分较治疗前均略有上升,差异均无显著性（ P＞0．05）;治疗前后两组患儿适应能力比较差异无显著性（ P＞0．05）。结论：智力正常的癫痫患儿伴有不同程度的适应能力和智能低下,常规抗癫痫药物及新型抗癫痫药物均对智能和适应能力无明显影响,癫痫患儿一旦确诊及时治疗避免疾病造成更严重的智能损害。     

The children’s optimism and humor training program in South Korea

The Optimism and Humor Training Program (OHTP) developed to increase optimism and adaptive use of humor for elementry students. Two sixth grade classrooms participated, and the program was implemented in one class (n?=?23) over 8 weeks. The effectiveness of the program was tested by Analysis of Covariance. The results indicate that children who participated in the OHTP showed an increase in optimism, use of adaptive humor, and more adaptability in school.     

大学生的社交自尊与家庭亲密度和适应性的关系

目的探讨大学生的社交自尊、家庭亲密度和适应性之间的关系。方法随机抽取323名大学生进行问卷调查。结果1男生的社交自尊显著高于女生,家庭亲密度显著低于女生;2大学生的家庭亲密度、适应性与社交自尊均呈显著正相关;3家庭适应性对大学生的社交自尊具有预测作用;4与女生相比,男生的家庭适应性对其社交自尊有更好的预测力。结论家庭适应性对大学生的社交自尊有一定影响。     

Healthy Functioning in Families with a Schizophrenic Parent

This is a study using Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales (FACES IV) that surveyed married couples with children where one person was schizophrenic. A surprising finding was that both the patient and their partner rated their family in the healthy range. Using the Circumplex Model where balanced scores are healthy, most of the patients (78%) and spouses (87%) described their family as balanced. Both groups saw their family as “flexible to very flexible” and “connected to very connected.” In terms of the unbalanced aspects of their family (disengaged, enmeshed, rigid, and chaotic), the vast majority of patients and spouses rated these traits as low or very low. Both the patients and spouses described the family communication as more negative than positive. In terms of family satisfaction, it was low for over half of the patients and partners. In summary, these families with a schizophrenic parents generally were functioning well in spite of this major disorder in one parent.     

821名守岛官兵心理健康状况分析及干预策略

目的了解海岛官兵的心理健康状况和适应能力及相关影响因素,提高对海岛官兵心理干预的水平。方法参加"为海岛官兵送健康"活动,分别到13个岛屿随机抽取守岛官兵821人为研究组,以岛外1922名官兵作为对照组,统一使用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、心理适应能力问卷对其团体测评和个别访谈,而后对心理健康状况和适应能力进行相关性分析。结果研究组SCL-90各因子分与对照组比较(t=28.51,P<0.01);筛查各因子阳性的严重程度175/797人(21.96%)与对照组346/1924人(18%)比较(t=4.74～10.20,P<0.01);研究组的心理适应能力与SCL-90总分及各因子分存在显著负相关(r=-0.320～-0.444,P<0.01);官兵的军龄、年龄与SCL-90的焦虑因子存在显著正相关(r=0.103～0.302,P<0.01)。访谈出的主要问题是婚恋问题;对身体和家人的担忧、恐惧等。结论守岛官兵心理健康水平低于岛外官兵,且与心理适应能力、年龄、军龄密切相关。     

硅橡胶印模材料在口腔修复中的应用

目的:探讨硅橡胶印模材料在烤瓷冠修复中的应用效果.方法:将我院2010 年6月至2011 年2月收治的60 例60 颗进行烤瓷冠修复的牙齿分别采用硅橡胶印模和藻酸盐印模,比较两组患者的印模的精确性和烤瓷冠的边缘适合性.结果:硅橡胶组的印模评价的优秀率为80.0% 显著高于藻酸盐组的60.0%,P<0.05.且硅橡胶组的烤瓷冠的边缘的密合率为96.7% 显著高于藻酸盐组的80.0%,P<0.05.结论:硅橡胶印模材料在烤瓷冠修复中的应用可提高印模的精确性和烤瓷冠边缘的密合度.