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1.
Reports show that particulate matter (PM) is related to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. We previously reported the biological effects of PM in vivo and the endocytosis of PM by primary neutrophils from mice. Cell lines can be used to elucidate the mechanism underlying immune responses in detail; however, information is limited regarding the functions of neutrophils after PM exposure. Here, we investigated the immune response of primary neutrophils and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)- and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-differentiated HL-60 (neutrophil-like) cells to PM. We showed that endocytosis by ATRA-HL cells was enhanced compared to that by DMSO-HL cells and that endocytosis in both cells was inhibited by dynamin inhibitors. A MEK inhibitor, but not p38 or JNK inhibitors, inhibited endocytosis. The MEK inhibitor also inhibited the differentiation of ATRA-HL cells to neutrophils. We identified that endocytosis of PM by neutrophils activated the MAPK ERK and p38 pathways. DMSO-HL and ATRA-HL cells both produced TNF-α and IL-8 after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or PM treatment, whereas non-differentiated HL-60 cells did not. MCP-1 production was enhanced in DMSO-HL cells after LPS or PM treatment, whereas it was high in ATRA-HL cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was enhanced after PM treatment to DMSO-HL cells. Further, extracellular extracts promoted endocytosis. The MEK inhibitor also reduced the production of TNF-α, IL-8, and MCP-1. Taken together, ERK activation is key for both differentiation and endocytosis, and DMSO-HL cells at day 6 can serve as a model of inflammatory neutrophils, such as bronchus neutrophils, and a good tool to analyze the molecular events involved in immune responses to PM.  相似文献   
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Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has been recognized as a discrete subset of hematopoietic malignancies constituting approximately 10% of acute myeloid leukemia cases. The hallmark reciprocal chromosomal translocation t(15;17) involving fusion between the retinoic acid receptor (RARα) gene and promyelocytic leukemia (PML) gene is a characteristic feature in APL which consequently results in the emergence of PML-RARα chimeric gene. This gene has been substantiated to be responsible for cellular transformation and is a prime target of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) as well as arsenic-trioxide (ATO) therapy. Since this initial discovery, about 10 diverse translocation partner genes of RARα have been reported that result in variant APL forms strongly suggesting that disruption of RARα underlies its pathogenesis. The nature of the fusion partner has a significant bearing upon disease characteristics including sensitivity to retinoids and ATO and thereby underpins the need for rapid and accurate diagnosis and also demands a highly specific treatment approach. In this article we laid emphasis on the rearrangement of the RARα gene and its different fusion partners resulting in variant forms of APL, their implication in underlying molecular pathogenesis of APL and also the different diagnostic modalities that should be employed for their rapid and accurate diagnosis.  相似文献   
3.
Patients with high-risk acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) have inferior outcomes compared with patients with low-risk APL, predominantly due to higher risk of early mortality related to hemorrhage. The majority of regimens contain prolonged maintenance, but the impact of this phase is not clear in the era of all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO). We present a retrospective analysis of 10 patients that were treated for high risk APL based on the consolidation treatment phase of APL 0406 study without subsequent maintenance. With a median follow up of 38 months, all patients remain in remission.  相似文献   
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Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is one of the most fatal hematological malignancies. APL during pregnancy is a rare comorbidity and can lead to adverse outcomes, such as maternal and/or fetal death, without timely and appropriate management. Medical management for APL during pregnancy remains challenging. We reported 2 patients with no regular prenatal visits who were diagnosed with APL during pregnancy. One presented with typical hematological abnormalities related to infection, while the other presented with intracranial hemorrhage, which is rare. Although supportive measures and chemotherapy were administered after APL was diagnosed, these two patients had completely different outcomes. The pregnancy outcomes of APL patients depend greatly on the timely diagnosis and appropriate management of the disease. Physicians should pay more attention to APL during pregnancy and thus may save more maternal and fetal lives. Further study of the management of APL during pregnancy is warranted.

Abbreviations: AML: acute myeloid leukemia; APL: acute promyelocytic leukemia; WBC: white blood cell; RBC: red blood cell; Hb: hemoglobin; PT: prothrombin time; TT: thrombin time; APTT: activated partial thromboplastin time; TP: total protein; ALB: albumin; AST: aspartate transaminase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; ATRA: all-trans retinoic acid; ICH: intracranial hemorrhage; DIC: disseminated intravascular coagulation  相似文献   

7.
本研究旨在探索全反式维甲酸(all-trans retinoic acid,ATRA)联合猪胆酸钠(SBA-Na)对人白血病K562细胞系及Kasumi-1细胞系生物学活性的影响及其作用机制。分别配制浓度为10-6mol/L(W1)、10-4mol/L(W2)的ATRA溶液及浓度为100μg/ml(Z1)、200μg/ml(Z2)的SBA-Na溶液,分别使用W1、W2、Z1、Z2、W1+Z1、W2+Z2处理上述2种细胞系,并设立不加药的空白对照组。镜下观察不同处理组细胞形态及生长情况;应用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖能力,绘制细胞生长抑制曲线;分别采用PI单染和PI/Annexin V双染流式细胞术检测各加药组K562细胞和Kasumi-1细胞的细胞周期及凋亡的变化;采用实时荧光定量PCR(RQ-PCR)法检测K562细胞系各组CyclinA基因表达量的变化。结果表明,ATRA及SBA-Na对2种细胞均有抑制增殖作用,两者联合用药的作用更明显;各给药组与对照组相比,细胞周期分布发生明显变化,处理组细胞凋亡明显增加,尤以ATRA联合SBA-Na给药组凋亡最为明显。低浓度SBA-Na处理组Cyclin A表达上调,其他处理组Cyclin A表达均下调,且存在量效关系。结论:ATRA及SBA-Na均可抑制K562细胞及Kasumi-1胞系增殖,促进其凋亡,且二者联合效果更明显,对于K562细胞系,两者可能是通过下调Cyclin A基因表达而发挥作用。  相似文献   
8.
目的探讨全反式维甲酸(ATRA)对人胃癌细胞株SGC7901的增殖及对胞膜蛋白caveolin-1表达和定位的影响。方法 MTT法检测不同浓度(5、10、25μmol/L)ATRA对SGC7901细胞增殖的影响;免疫荧光法检测cavolin-1在细胞中的定位,Western blot检测caveolin-1的表达。结果 ATRA可明显抑制人胃癌细胞株SGC7901的增殖。ATRA处理3 d后,SGC7901细胞caveolin-1的表达无明显变化,但caveolin-1在胞浆中的分布明显降低,胞膜上分布明显增加。结论 ATRA可明显抑制SGC7901的增殖,促进caveolin-1在细胞膜上定位。  相似文献   
9.
目的 建立HPLC-MS/MS法测定NB4细胞培养液中全反式维甲酸的浓度。方法 采用ACQUITY UPLCTM BEH C18(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7 μm)色谱柱,以布洛芬为内标,流动相为乙腈-水(含0.1%乙酸),体积流量为0.2 mL/min,梯度洗脱方式分离全反式维甲酸,同时采用ESI源负离子检测方式,定量分析时的离子反应分别为m/z 299.2→m/z 255.2(全反式维甲酸)和m/z 205.4→m/z 161.3(内标布洛芬)。结果 全反式维甲酸在2.55~255 ng/mL线性关系良好,定量限为2.55 ng/mL,日内精密度RSD ≤ 10.3%,日间精密度RSD ≤ 12.9%。结论 建立的HPLC-MS/MS法可用于测定NB4细胞含维甲酸的培养液中全反式维甲酸的浓度,以及在加入维甲酸代谢阻断剂时全反式维甲酸浓度的变化。  相似文献   
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