加味温经汤联合阿仑膦酸钠片治疗肾阳亏虚型绝经后骨质疏松症临床研究

目的:观察加味温经汤联合阿仑膦酸钠片治疗肾阳亏虚型绝经后骨质疏松症(PMOP)的临床疗效。方法:选取150例肾阳亏虚型PMOP患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各75例。对照组给予口服阿仑膦酸钠片治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加服加味温经汤,2组均治疗6个月。对比2组总体疗效、治疗前后碱性磷酸酶(ALP),血钙(Ca)、磷(P),雌二醇(E2),促卵泡雌素(FSH),促黄体生成素(LH)水平,记录治疗过程中不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组总有效率96.0%,对照组总有效率80.0%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组ALP水平均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),血Ca含量均较治疗前增加(P<0.05);观察组ALP水平低于对照组(P<0.05),血Ca含量高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组E2水平均较治疗前升高,FSH及LH水平均较治疗前降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组E2水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组血常规异常、肝肾功能异常、消化道症状、皮肤过敏发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:加味温经汤治疗肾阳亏虚型PMOP,能有效改善患者的临床症状和性激素水平,用药安全性高。     

Screening for Metabolic Bone Disease of prematurity

Metabolic bone disease (MBD) of prematurity remains a significant comorbid condition in preterm, low birth weight infants. As the majority of in utero calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (Phos) accretion occurs during the third trimester, many of these children have inadequate mineral stores and are at risk for deficiencies of Ca and Phos. While fortification of formula has allowed for increased mineral delivery to premature infants, intestinal immaturity prevents optimal absorption. This is compounded by immobilization, delayed establishment of enteral feeds, long term parenteral nutrition and medications that may alter mineral levels. Over time, biochemical changes occur and accompany MBD, with poor bone mineralization during this period increasing the risk for complications such as osteopenia, rickets and fractures. Screening is largely based on risk factors, but despite the 2013 AAP Consensus Statement, there remains significant variation in screening practices across institutions. A combination of laboratory and radiologic testing is often used to diagnose and manage MBD of prematurity, but there exists a lack of consensus on which screening tests and thresholds to use. This is in part related to a lack of normative data and clinical trials for preterm infants, and a result, a lack of evidence-based guidelines on the diagnosis and timing of potential treatment. Biochemical markers, such as serum Phos, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and parathyroid hormone (PTH), have shown some benefit in the diagnosis of MBD in some studies, but have not always been reproducible. Radiographs may identify different degrees of skeletal changes, but these changes may not be detected until later in MBD development. Other modalities, such as DXA and ultrasound, have also been used, but these may be limited by lack of standards in preterm infants or lack of availability in some centers. Further research, more specifically clinical trials, are needed to determine which combination of tests can detect MBD at its earliest, in order to promote early treatment and prevent short- and long-term complications of MBD.     

地中海贫血孕妇ALP、AFU和甲状腺激素变化情况

目的探讨地中海贫血孕妇早期体内碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、α-L-岩藻糖苷酶(AFU)和甲状腺激素变化情况。方法选取2016年2月-2017年3月在该院产科建档并进行产检的地中海贫血早期孕妇281例,同时设置281例正常孕周为3个月孕妇作为对照组。采集空腹静脉血2 ml注入紫色EDTA-K2抗凝管中,完成血液检测;采集空腹静脉血4 ml,静止,分离血清,检测ALP、AFU、血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT_3)、血清游离甲状腺激素(FT_4)和促甲状腺激素(TSH),PCR+反向斑点杂交法检测确认地中海贫血。结果对照组孕妇ALP和AFU水平高于地中海贫血孕妇(P<0.05);地中海贫血孕妇TSH高于对照组孕妇(P<0.05);地中海贫血孕妇FT3和FT4低于对照组孕妇(P<0.05)。结论地中海贫血孕妇早期ALP、AFU和甲状腺激素水平受到影响。     

Indocyanine green loaded hyaluronan-derived nanoparticles for fluorescence-enhanced surgical imaging of pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is highly lethal and surgical resection is the only potential curative treatment for the disease. In this study, hyaluronic acid derived nanoparticles with physico-chemically entrapped indocyanine green, termed NanoICG, were utilized for intraoperative near infrared fluorescence detection of pancreatic cancer. NanoICG was not cytotoxic to healthy pancreatic epithelial cells and did not induce chemotaxis or phagocytosis, it accumulated significantly within the pancreas in an orthotopic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma model, and demonstrated contrast-enhancement for pancreatic lesions relative to non-diseased portions of the pancreas. Fluorescence microscopy showed higher fluorescence intensity in pancreatic lesions and splenic metastases due to NanoICG compared to ICG alone. The in vivo safety profile of NanoICG, including, biochemical, hematological, and pathological analysis of NanoICG-treated healthy mice, indicates negligible toxicity. These results suggest that NanoICG is a promising contrast agent for intraoperative detection of pancreatic tumors.     

Multi-walled carbon nanotube-induced inhalation toxicity: Recognizing nano bis-demethoxy curcumin analog as an ameliorating candidate

Human beings and ecosystems are being possibly exposed to CNTs, as there is a rise in global production rate of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). This may affect the health of humans and increases the environmental risk. We have already reported the pulmonary toxicity due to the inhalation of MWCNTs. We claim that a compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity may ameliorate the CNT-induced toxic effect. With this view, we have investigated the ameliorative effect of intravenously-administered nano bis-demethoxy curcumin analog (NBDMCA) against MWCNTs-induced inhalation toxicity by examining the lung histopathology for inflammatory cell dynamics, pulmonary remodeling and estimating the inflammatory biomarkers in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid. We observed that NBDMCA could ameliorate the injury as evidenced by the decline in the levels of markers of inflammation, cell damage, and the histopathological changes induced by MWCNTs. We conclude that NBDMCA may be used to reduce the risk of MWCNTs-induced inhalation toxicity.     

正交法优选愈骨葆方的最佳水提取工艺

采用正交试验方法研究愈骨葆方的最佳水提取工艺。通过血清药理学,以提取物对成骨细胞碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的活性的影响作为考察指标,采用L_9(3~4)正交表设计试验,对加水量(A)、加热时间(B)、浸泡时间(C)及煎煮次数(D)4个因素进行考察,分析最佳提取条件,并验证该工艺的有效性。通过该实验得出愈骨葆方最佳提取工艺:8倍加水量,加热时间60min,浸泡时间30 min,煎煮1次。按此工艺获得的愈骨葆方含药血清能显著地促进成骨相关基因的转录。该实验建立了愈骨葆方的最佳提取工艺,为该复方中药的开发利用提供了试验依据。     

A possible mechanism of low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMW-PTP) activity modulation by glutathione action during human osteoblast differentiation

Objective

Low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatases (LMW-PTPs) are a family of enzymes strongly involved in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation. Since there is no information concerning the relationship between osteoblastic differentiation and LMW-PTP expression/activity, we investigated its involvement during human osteoblast-like cells (hFOB 1.19) differentiation. It is known that LMW-PTP is regulated by an elegant redox mechanism, so we also observed how the osteoblastic differentiation affected the reduced glutathione levels.

Design

hFOB 1.19 cells were cultured in DMEM/F12 up to 35 days. The osteoblast phenotype acquisition was monitored by measuring alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralized nodule formation by Von Kossa staining. LMW-PTP activity and expression were measured using the p-nitrophenylphosphate as substrate and Western blotting respectively. Crystal violet assay determined the cell number in each experimental point. Glutathione level was determined by both HPLC and DNTB assays.

Results

LMW-PTP modulation was coincident with the osteoblastic differentiation biomarkers, such as alkaline phosphatase activity and presence of nodules of mineralization in vitro. Likewise LMW-PTP, the reduced glutathione-dependent microenvironment was modulated during osteoblastic differentiation. During this process, LMW-PTP expression/activity, as well as alkaline phosphatase and glutathione increased progressively up to the 21st day (p < 0.001) of culturing, decreasing thereafter.

Conclusions

Our results clearly suggest that LMW-PTP expression/activity was rigorously modulated during osteoblastic differentiation, possibly in response to the redox status of the cells, since it seems to depend on suitable levels of reduced glutathione. In this way, we pointed out LMW-PTP as an important signaling molecule in osteoblast biology and bone formation.     

辛伐他汀对正畸牙齿保持阶段骨形成的影响

目的:探讨全身给予辛伐他汀对大鼠正畸牙齿移动后保持阶段骨形成生化指标和骨密度的影响。方法:选用40只雄性Wistar大鼠,随机分成5组:基本对照组、阴性对照组(生理盐水)、低剂量组(2.5mg/kg)、中剂量组(5.0mg/kg)、高剂量组(10.0mg/kg),牵引其上颌第一磨牙向近中移动。实验组在加力装置去除前1d开始,腹膜下注射辛伐他汀;阴性对照组注射生理盐水,1次/d。4周后处死大鼠,取血,检测血清骨钙素(BGP)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、钙(Ca)、磷(P),测定上颌第一磨牙区牙槽骨密度(BMD)等。结果:实验组BGP、ALP水平较阴性对照组明显升高(P<0.05),低剂量组升高最明显,随剂量增加,BGP、ALP水平减低;实验组与对照组血清Ca、P无明显差别(P>0.05)。上颌第一磨牙区牙槽骨BMD对照组明显高于其它各组(P<0.05);实验组与阴性对照组比较,低剂量组最高,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:辛伐他汀全身给药能够有效地促进局部牙槽骨骨合成代谢,最适有效剂量为2.5mg/kg。     

维生素D3衍生物对人成骨细胞生长和碱性磷酸酶活性的影响

目的：使用人胎成骨细胞（ＯＢ）为体外模型，观察了１，２５－双羟维生素Ｄ３〔１，２５（ＯＨ）２Ｄ３〕、２４，２５－双羟维生素Ｄ３［２４，２５（ＯＨ）２Ｄ３）］对ＯＢ生长和代谢的影响。方法：用ＡＬＰ测定法和Ｂｒａｄｆｏｒｄ蛋白含量法。结果：１，２５（ＯＨ）２Ｄ３在浓度为１０８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，刺激碱性磷酸酶（ＡＬＰ）的活性。但抑制ＯＢ的生长。２４，２５（ＯＨ）２Ｄ３在１０－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时无上述作用。结论：１，２５（ＯＨ）２Ｄ３对ＯＢ的ＡＬＰ有直接的促活作用，其作用与时间相关。２４，２５（ＯＨ）２Ｄ３对ＯＢ的ＡＬＰ活性无关。１，２５（ＯＨ）２Ｄ３对人胎ＯＢ生长有抑制作用。