Accurate detection of reemergent anti-donor ABO antibody is crucial for safe transfusion in ABO major incompatible HSCT patient after achieved the stages of full switch to donor type

Dynamic monitoring ABO chimera including erythroid ABO antigen and anti-A/B is crucial to not only assess the status of erythroid engraftment but also achieve personalized safety transfusion in patients post ABO incompatible hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Transfusion support for ABO incompatible (ABOi) HSCT patients after achieved complete alteration to donor origin still remains cautious because the instant hematopoietic status on these transplant patients possibly returned to patient origin derived from early disease relapse and graft loss or failure. We reported that reemergent anti-B in a female patients (donor/patient: B/O) at the early phase after achievement complete donor type were not effectively found from partial automatic ABO blood grouping systems, which directly resulted in differential judgement of transplantation stage for about 15 days and disturbed the optimal recommendation on transfusion support. Meanwhile, the solely alteration of ABO chimera was found and earlier than changes of other markers such as MRD diagnosis, chimerism analysis by STR-PCR and sex chromosome assays, which can be an available predictors for bad transplant outcomes such as graft failure.     

Retrospective analysis of molecular biology mechanism of ABO blood group typing discrepancy among blood donors in Jinan blood station

BackgroundTo accurately identify ABO blood typing in pre-transfusion testing is very important to ensure blood transfusion safely, which is a major responsibility of blood station.MethodsEighty-one blood donors samples with ABO blood group typing discrepancy was collected among 61952 donor samples in our blood station from January 2019 to July 2020. Blood group serological method was used to detect ABO blood group. DNA Sequencing was used to determine the genotype. The antibody screening test detects antibodies other than ABO.ResultsIn total, 61,952 donor samples were analysed for ABO typing discrepancies. The incidence among blood donors was 0.13% (81/61952). The most common reason of ABO typing discrepancies was due to specific antibody or non-specific agglutination (54.32%, 44/81), mainly anti-M antibody, cold autoantibody, anti-D antibody, anti-N antibody and anti-Lea antibody. The major cause of forward typing discrepancies among blood donors was ABO subgroups (25.93%, 21/81), including 10 cases of A subtype (1 case of A2, 2 cases of A3, 2 cases of Ax, 3 cases of AxB, 1 case of Ael, 1 case of Ahm), 6 cases of B subtype (2 cases of B3, 1 case of Bel, 3 cases of AB3), 2 cases of B subtype (A), 1 case of cisAB, and 2 cases of acquired B. The serum antibody was weakened in 16 cases (19.75%).ConclusionsThe blood types should be correctly identified by combining serology with gene sequencing to ensure the safety of clinical blood transfusion, when the forward and reverse typing discrepancies among the blood donors.     

ABO‐incompatible living donor kidney transplantation without post‐transplant therapeutic plasma exchange

Blood group incompatibility remains a significant barrier to kidney transplantation. Approximately, one‐third of donors are blood group incompatible with their intended recipient. Options for these donor‐recipient pairs include blood group incompatible transplantation or kidney paired donation. However, the optimal protocol for blood group incompatible transplantation is unknown. Protocols differ in techniques to remove ABO antibodies, titer targets, and immunosuppression regimens. In addition, the mechanisms of graft accommodation to blood group antigens remain poorly understood. We describe a blood group incompatible protocol using pretransplant therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), high‐dose intravenous immunoglobulin, and rituximab in addition to prednisone, mycophenolate mofetil, and tacrolimus. In this protocol, we do not exclude patients based on a high initial titer and do not implement post‐transplant TPE. All 16 patients who underwent this protocol received a living donor transplant with 100% patient and graft survival, and no reported episodes of antibody‐mediated rejection to date with a median follow‐up of 2.6 years (range 0.75–4.7 years). We conclude that blood group incompatible transplantation can be achieved without post‐transplant TPE. J. Clin. Apheresis 30:340–346, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Lower incidence of de novo donor-specific antibodies against HLA-DR in ABO-incompatible renal transplantation

Recently, in vitro experiments have demonstrated that anti-blood group A/B antibody binding to endothelial cells induce a protective effect against antibody-mediated injury. This study aimed to clarify the potential clinical benefit of ABO incompatibility in donor-specific HLA antibody (DSA)-induced chronic antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR). We enrolled 215 ABO-incompatible renal transplant (ABO-I) and 467 ABO-identical/compatible renal transplant recipients (ABO-Id/C). The prevalence of de novo DSA production and incidence of biopsy-proven chronic ABMR were compared between the two groups. The incidence of DR-associated de novo DSA was significantly lower in ABO-I than in ABO-Id/C (P = 0.028). Diagnostic biopsy for ABMR was conducted in 54 patients (11 ABO-I and 43 ABO-Id/C). Biopsy-proven chronic ABMR was lower in ABO-I than in ABO-Id/C (27.3% [3/11] vs. 44.2% [19/43]) patients. Our findings suggest that ABO incompatibility may cause low production of DR-associated de novo DSA, possibly resulting in a reduced incidence of chronic ABMR.     

ABO 血型与卵巢癌患者预后的关系

目的 探讨 ABO 血型及其他相关因素对卵巢癌患者预后的影响。方法 回顾性分析天津医科大学肿瘤 医院 2007 年 12 月—2011 年 7 月采用根治性手术治疗的 153 例卵巢癌患者的临床病理资料和血型分布,其中 A 型 血 45 例（29.4%）、B 型血 43 例（28.1%）、O 型 50 例（32.7%）,AB 型血 15 例（9.8%）。分析不同血型患者临床特征的 差异并对患者进行随访（末次随访时间 2017 年 6 月）。采用 Kaplan-Meier 法绘制生存曲线,Log-rank 法比较不同血 型间总生存率及无病生存率的差异,Cox 回归分析卵巢癌患者预后的影响因素。结果 （1）不同血型的患者年龄、月 经情况、复发和转移、临床分期、CA-125 水平以及辅助治疗等临床特征比较差异均无统计学意义（均 P > 0.05）。（2）O 型和 B 型血患者总生存率和无病生存率明显高于 A 型和 AB 型血患者（Log rank χ2 分别为 9.571、8.213,均 P < 0.05）。Cox 回归分析显示,ABO 血型是卵巢癌患者预后的影响因素,AB 型血的患者预后较差（B 型 vs. AB 型 HR= 0.339,95% CI：0.138~0.830;O 型 vs. AB 型 HR=0.343,95%CI：0.137~0.855）。结论 ABO 血型与卵巢癌患者的生存 状况相关,可用于评价卵巢癌患者的预后。     

Frequency of ABO/Rhesus (D) blood groupings and ethnic distribution in the Greater‐Accra region of Ghana,towards effective blood bank inventory

Knowledge on blood group phenotypes is of key importance in clinical practice. It used in blood transfusion practice to determine the direction of recruitment of voluntary donors as required for each population within a country, and for disease association and population genetics studies. This study aimed at reporting the frequency of ABO and Rhesus (Rh) groups in the population of the Greater‐Accra region of Ghana and amongst their various ethnic groups. A retrospective study in 11 main hospitals within the region was done. Data collected provided information on the blood group status of persons (both blood donors and recipients) who visited the selected hospitals. Medical records used were within the years 2012–2017. A total of 42,317 (26,802 males and 15,515 females) data were retrieved and analysed. The frequencies of the blood groups O, A, B and AB were 50.0%, 24.3%, 20.7% and 5.0%, respectively. Rhesus‐positive to negative ratio was 93.2%/6.2%. Frequencies of blood group O was highest (49.1%–53.6%) in all ethnic groups. The second most dominant blood group was B (24.2%–25.4%) in the Ga‐Adamgbe, Akan and Ewe ethnic groups, whilst blood group A (25.0%–26.9%) was the second most dominant in the Northerners and non‐Ghanaians. Blood group distribution amongst gender and different age groups showed no significant differences but followed the same pattern for the general population. The study provides data on the ethnic distribution and frequency of ABO and Rhesus blood groupings in the Greater‐Accra region of Ghana. It also informs the need for blood banks in the region to increase the proportion of stockpiled Rhesus‐positive blood groups especially for O, B and A that may be high in demand.