PFKFB3参与脂多糖诱导肺成纤维细胞及肺组织有氧糖酵解的观察性研究

目的:观察脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导肺成纤维细胞及肺组织有氧糖酵解关键酶6-磷酸果糖-2-激酶/果糖-2,6-二磷酸酶3(6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3,PFKFB3)表达及其与有氧糖酵解的关系,探讨在LPS诱导肺纤维化过程中肺成纤维细胞和肺组织有氧糖酵解的潜在机制。方法:将人胚肺成纤维细胞MRC-5细胞系采用随机数字表法分为PBS对照组(PBS组)和LPS组(每组3孔),Western blot检测LPS刺激细胞6h后PFKFB3表达情况,同时免疫荧光显示PFKFB3在细胞内的定位情况;于LPS刺激后48 h采用海马细胞能量代谢仪检测细胞耗氧率(oxygen consumption rate,OCR)和产酸率(extracellular acidification rate,ECAR),并采用比色法检测有氧糖酵解产物乳酸产生情况,同时Western blot检测LPS刺激48 h后Ⅰ型胶原蛋白合成情况。将24只C57BL/6小鼠按随机数字表法分为生理盐水对照组(C组)、LPS组(L组),每组12只,L组、C组连续5d分别腹腔注射5 mg/kg LPS、等容量生理盐水;每组各6只于造模后第7天无痛处死小鼠,取血浆和肺组织,Western blot和免疫荧光检测各组肺组织中PFKFB3表达情况,比色法检测各组小鼠血浆中乳酸的含量;剩余小鼠于造模后第28天取肺组织,一侧肺通过Western blot检测肺组织Ⅰ型胶原蛋白合成情况,另一侧肺做石蜡切片进行病理学检测。结果:与PBS组比较,LPS刺激细胞6h后PFKFB3表达明显升高(P<0.05);LPS刺激细胞48 h后,与PBS组比较,LPS组细胞耗氧率降低、产酸率增加,代谢产物乳酸含量明显升高(P<0.05),同时细胞Ⅰ型胶原蛋白合成显著增加(P<0.05)。与C组比较,L组小鼠腹腔注射LPS 7 d后肺组织中PFKFB3表达明显升高(P<0.05),血浆乳酸含量明显升高(P<0.05);LPS注射28 d后,L组小鼠Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.05),肺组织出现明显纤维化。结论:在LPS诱导的肺纤维化过程中,LPS可诱导肺成纤维细胞和肺组织中PFKFB3蛋白表达,该过程与其有氧糖酵解过程相关,PFKFB3的表达上调可能是LPS诱导肺成纤维细胞和肺组织有氧糖酵解和肺纤维化的关键环节。     

有氧-抗阻运动+利塞膦酸钠在绝经后骨质疏松症中的应用

目的探究有氧-抗阻运动+利塞膦酸钠对绝经后骨质疏松症患者的影响。方法选取我院2017年10月～2019年1月收治的绝经后骨质疏松症患者84例,根据随机数表法分为两组各42例,参照组给予利塞膦酸钠,研究组在参照组基础上联合有氧-抗阻运动,比较两组治疗前后疼痛程度(VAS评分)、骨密度(左侧股骨颈、腰椎L2～L4)、骨密度生化指标[抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRACP)、Ⅰ型原胶原分子N-端前肽(PINP)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)]。结果治疗后两组VAS评分均有所降低,且研究组低于参照组(P<0.05);治疗后两组左侧股骨颈、腰椎L2～L4骨密度均有所提高,且研究组高于参照组(P<0.05);治疗后两组血清TRACP、PINP、ALP水平均有所改善,且研究组TRACP水平低于参照组(P<0.05)。结论有氧-抗阻运动+利塞膦酸钠治疗绝经后骨质疏松患者,可降低疼痛程度,提高骨密度。     

Effects of of habitats and pesticides on aerobic capacity and survival of soil fauna

Faunal health is largely dependent on their soil environment and available litter quality. So the effects of different soil habitats and pesticides on citrate synthase (CS) activity of soil fauna and its population were studied. Methods The soil animals were collected from different pedoecosystems for habitat study. Whereas Vigna radiata based system was selected for pesticidal observations. The field was divided into five equal plots for control and treatment of γ-BHC, quinalphos, carbaryl and cypermethrin. Soil fauna was collected by quadrat method and extracted by Tullgren funnel. Individuals of a species having similar sizes were collected for the estimation of CS activity. They were homogenized and fractions were obtained by differential centrifugation. The activity of CS was assayed spectrophotometrically. Results Citrate synthase (CS) activity of beetle (Rasphytus fregi), woodlouse (PorceUio laevis) and centipede (Scolopendra morsitans) varied significantly with respect to changes in different soil habitats. Though the CS activity of R. fregi, P. laevis, and S. morsitans differed among themselves but the highest activity of CS in these animals was in V. radiata and lowest in A. nilotica based pedoecosystem. The aerobic capacity of centipede was maximum followed by woodlouse and beetle. The treatment of γ-BHC, quinalphos, carbaryl and cypermethrin significantly reduced the CS activity of these animals. γ-BHC showed maximum reduction in CS activity indicating highly toxic effect of organochlorine on aerobic metabolism of soil fauna. However, minimum reduction was obseryed in response to carbaryl (in beetle) or cypermethrin (in woodlouse/centipede) leading to impairment of aerobic capacity. The differences in pesticide effects might be assigned to the differences in chemical nature of pesticides and their interactions with below-ground fauna. Treatment ofγ-BHC and quinalphos reduced the population of Acari, Coleoptera, Collembola, other arthropods as well as total soil fauna. Acari was least affected by γ-BHC and maximally affected (72%) in response to quinalphos. The effect of γ-BHC was fairly similar on Coleoptera, Collembola, other arthropod and total soil fauna suggesting almost similar sensitivity to this pesticide. Likewise, quinalphos was similarly effective on Collemobola and other soil arthropods. Application of carbaryl decreased Acari and Coleoptera population but increased Collembola, other arthropods and total faunal populations. However, application of cypermethrin significantly reduced the population of Acari, Coleoptera, Collembola and total soil fauna and increased the population of other soil arthropods. In both the cases, acarine population was least affected. Conclusion The observations show the habitat-specific variation in aerobic capacity of soil fauna. However, pesticide-dependent loss in population might be due to impairment of aerobic capacity of soil inhabiting animals in desert.     

基于低强度有氧训练对高龄老年人步行速度的影响研究

目的研究低强度有氧训练对高龄老年人步行速度的影响。方法选取2016年1月-2019年1月在复旦大学附属华东医院住院老年患者30例,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组15例。观察组采用低强度有氧训练,对照组采用康复宣教的常规步行训练,持续干预3个月。用起立行走试验(TUG)和10 m步行测试(10MWT),对2组干预前后步行能力进行评估。结果干预前,2组的TUG和10 MWT结果比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组TUG和10MWT小于干预前(P<0.001),也均小于对照组干预后(P<0.05);而对照组干预前后TUG和10 MWT差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组干预前后血压、心率未见明显变化。结论低强度有氧训练可有效地提高高龄老年人的步行速度,并且安全、可靠。     

新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病低血糖的观察与护理

缺氧缺血性脑病是指围生期窒息所引起的脑损伤,是儿童神经系统损伤的常见原因之一.关于如何防治窒息造成的各器官、系统的损伤,提高患儿的生活质量已引起广大学者的注意.由于在缺氧状况下,只能进行无氧酵解,因此消耗大量糖原,造成低血糖,而低血糖可加重神经系统进一步损伤.所以,及时发现、纠正低血糖,在一定程度上可减轻神经系统的损伤.现将我院2004～2006年收治的新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)低血糖的观察与护理介绍如下.     

兰州市30～40岁妇女有氧健身操运动后腰臀比和身体成分的变化

目的：探讨有氧健身操运动对30～40岁妇女腰臀比和身体成分的影响。方法：通过对兰州市五区参加健身操运动一年以上的148例30-40岁妇女的腰臀比和身体成分的各指标跟踪测试并采用自身对照法进行统计学分析。结果：锻炼前后体脂分别为(29．5&;#177;2．4)％，(20．2&;#177;2．6)％，腰臀比分别为0．83&;#177;0．03，0．78&;#177;0．02。有氧健身操运动可以使妇女瘦体质量增加(P&;gt;0．05)，体脂百分比降低(P&;lt;0．001)，腰臀比降低(P&;lt;0．01)。结论：长期系统地坚持有氧健身操锻炼可以有效的改变身体成分，改善体型。从而有效地预防心脑血管疾病．增进健康。     

个体化有氧训练在高龄脑梗死患者中的应用效果

目的:观察个体化有氧训练在高龄脑梗死患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2017年9月至2019年9月该院收治的124例高龄脑梗死患者进行前瞻性研究,以随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组各62例。对照组给予常规康复训练,研究组在对照组基础上给予个体化有氧训练,比较两组训练前后改良Ashworth分级、简化Fugl-Meyer量表评分、改良Barthel指数评分和美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分。结果:训练后,研究组改良Ashworth分级优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);训练后,两组简化Fugl-Meyer量表和改良Barthel指数评分均高于训练前,且研究组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);训练后,两组NIHSS评分均低于训练前,且研究组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在常规康复训练基础上给予个体化有氧训练可改善高龄脑梗死患者改良Ashworth分级,提高简化Fugl-Meyer量表和改良Barthel指数评分,降低NIHSS评分,效果优于单纯常规康复训练。