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1.
Objective To explore the characteristics and risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) onset in pedigrees. Methods A total of 865 subjects were screened and diagnosed by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) based on American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) , maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) and chondriosome diabetes were excluded by clinical features and laboratory test of insulin and autoantibodies including glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody, insular cellular antibody and insulin autoantibody. A total of 182 pedigrees of T2DM were obtained. Results No gender difference was found in the prevalence of T2DM (42. 59% in male and 48. 18% in female respectively, P >0. 05) , nor was the newly diagnosed rate(9. 89% in male and 11. 82%in female, P > 0. 05). The onset age was (63. 3 ± 12. 4) years old in the first generation [(64. 4 ± 12. 5)years in male and (62. 3 ± 10. 3) years in female] , (47. 1 ± 8. 7) years old in the second generation [(48. 2 ±9. 3)years in male and (46. 1 ± 8. 1) years in female] , (29. 6 ± 10. 2) years old in the third generation [(28. 9 ±9. 5)years in male and (30. 0 ± 10. 4)years in female]. Compared with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) subjects , newly diagnosed T2DM and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) subjects had higher prevalence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking but less physical activities. Statistical differences were shown in body weight five years before diagnosis, one years before diagnosis and at diagnosis in newly diagnosed T2DM[(68. 4 ±12. 4)kg, (69. 5 ± 11. 0)kg and (69. 1 ±9. 6)kg] and IGR[(66. 1 ±10.7)kg, (65.9 ± 10.7) kg and(65.7 ± 10.4) kg] , when compared with NGT [(61.0 ± 10.2) kg,(59. 5 ±11.0) kg and (60. 1 ± 10. 4) kg, all P < 0. 05] . The same results were obtained with waist circumference and waist-hip ratio [(4. 1 ± 12. 5) cm and 0. 92 ± 0. 36 in newly diagnosed T2DM while (89. 1 ± 10. 7) cm and 0. 90 ± 0. 64 in IGR] , when compared with NGT[(82. 5 ± 10. 1) cm and 0. 82 ±0. 25] , all P <0. 05. Conclusions No gender difference was found in the onset characteristics of T2DM.High prevalence of obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking with less physical activities were associated with T2DM.  相似文献   
2.
Objective To explore the characteristics and risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) onset in pedigrees. Methods A total of 865 subjects were screened and diagnosed by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) based on American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) , maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) and chondriosome diabetes were excluded by clinical features and laboratory test of insulin and autoantibodies including glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody, insular cellular antibody and insulin autoantibody. A total of 182 pedigrees of T2DM were obtained. Results No gender difference was found in the prevalence of T2DM (42. 59% in male and 48. 18% in female respectively, P >0. 05) , nor was the newly diagnosed rate(9. 89% in male and 11. 82%in female, P > 0. 05). The onset age was (63. 3 ± 12. 4) years old in the first generation [(64. 4 ± 12. 5)years in male and (62. 3 ± 10. 3) years in female] , (47. 1 ± 8. 7) years old in the second generation [(48. 2 ±9. 3)years in male and (46. 1 ± 8. 1) years in female] , (29. 6 ± 10. 2) years old in the third generation [(28. 9 ±9. 5)years in male and (30. 0 ± 10. 4)years in female]. Compared with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) subjects , newly diagnosed T2DM and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) subjects had higher prevalence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking but less physical activities. Statistical differences were shown in body weight five years before diagnosis, one years before diagnosis and at diagnosis in newly diagnosed T2DM[(68. 4 ±12. 4)kg, (69. 5 ± 11. 0)kg and (69. 1 ±9. 6)kg] and IGR[(66. 1 ±10.7)kg, (65.9 ± 10.7) kg and(65.7 ± 10.4) kg] , when compared with NGT [(61.0 ± 10.2) kg,(59. 5 ±11.0) kg and (60. 1 ± 10. 4) kg, all P < 0. 05] . The same results were obtained with waist circumference and waist-hip ratio [(4. 1 ± 12. 5) cm and 0. 92 ± 0. 36 in newly diagnosed T2DM while (89. 1 ± 10. 7) cm and 0. 90 ± 0. 64 in IGR] , when compared with NGT[(82. 5 ± 10. 1) cm and 0. 82 ±0. 25] , all P <0. 05. Conclusions No gender difference was found in the onset characteristics of T2DM.High prevalence of obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking with less physical activities were associated with T2DM.  相似文献   
3.
目的 对2型糖尿病家系中的遗传特征、危险因素进行调查分析,为系统研究2型糖尿病及制定干预措施提供依据.方法 根据1997年美国糖尿病学会(ADA)标准,利用口服葡萄糖耐量试验确诊糖尿病,根据胰岛素功能测定和血清谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体(GADAb)、胰岛细胞抗体(ICA)和胰岛素自身抗体(IAA)检测及临床特征排除1型糖尿病,根据遗传特征及临床特点排除年轻的成年发病型糖尿病(MODY),根据母系遗传伴耳聋等临床特征排除线粒体基因突变家系,最终筛选出2型糖尿病家系182个(实际调查865例)并进行分析.结果 182个家系中男女2型糖尿病患病率(男性42.59%、女性48.18%)、新诊断率(男性9.89%、女性1 1.82%)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).家系第1代277例患者发病年龄为(63.3±12.4)岁,其中男性为(64.4±12.5)岁,女性为(62.3±10.3)岁;第2代468例患者发病年龄为(47.1 ±8.7)岁,其中男性为(48.2±9.3)岁,女性为(46.1±8.1)岁;第3代120例患者发病年龄为(29.6±10.2)岁,其中男性为(28.9 ±9.5)岁,女性为(30.0±10.4)岁.新诊断2型糖尿病组、新诊断糖调节受损(IGR)组分别与非患病亲属组比较,高血压病史、高脂血症史、吸烟史、活动量差异均有统计学意义;5年前体重、1年前体重、目前体重、腰围、腰臀比差异也有统计学意义,股围差异无统计学意义.结论 2型糖尿病发病无性别差异.肥胖、高血压病、吸烟、高脂血症、活动量较少与2型糖尿病、IGR相关.活动量较多可能是家族中的非患病亲属及IGR患者较晚进入糖尿病期的原因之一.
Abstract:
Objective To explore the characteristics and risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) onset in pedigrees. Methods A total of 865 subjects were screened and diagnosed by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) based on American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) , maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) and chondriosome diabetes were excluded by clinical features and laboratory test of insulin and autoantibodies including glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody, insular cellular antibody and insulin autoantibody. A total of 182 pedigrees of T2DM were obtained. Results No gender difference was found in the prevalence of T2DM (42. 59% in male and 48. 18% in female respectively, P >0. 05) , nor was the newly diagnosed rate(9. 89% in male and 11. 82%in female, P > 0. 05). The onset age was (63. 3 ± 12. 4) years old in the first generation [(64. 4 ± 12. 5)years in male and (62. 3 ± 10. 3) years in female] , (47. 1 ± 8. 7) years old in the second generation [(48. 2 ±9. 3)years in male and (46. 1 ± 8. 1) years in female] , (29. 6 ± 10. 2) years old in the third generation [(28. 9 ±9. 5)years in male and (30. 0 ± 10. 4)years in female]. Compared with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) subjects , newly diagnosed T2DM and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) subjects had higher prevalence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking but less physical activities. Statistical differences were shown in body weight five years before diagnosis, one years before diagnosis and at diagnosis in newly diagnosed T2DM[(68. 4 ±12. 4)kg, (69. 5 ± 11. 0)kg and (69. 1 ±9. 6)kg] and IGR[(66. 1 ±10.7)kg, (65.9 ± 10.7) kg and(65.7 ± 10.4) kg] , when compared with NGT [(61.0 ± 10.2) kg,(59. 5 ±11.0) kg and (60. 1 ± 10. 4) kg, all P < 0. 05] . The same results were obtained with waist circumference and waist-hip ratio [(4. 1 ± 12. 5) cm and 0. 92 ± 0. 36 in newly diagnosed T2DM while (89. 1 ± 10. 7) cm and 0. 90 ± 0. 64 in IGR] , when compared with NGT[(82. 5 ± 10. 1) cm and 0. 82 ±0. 25] , all P <0. 05. Conclusions No gender difference was found in the onset characteristics of T2DM.High prevalence of obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking with less physical activities were associated with T2DM.  相似文献   
4.
目的 建立一个可用于系统研究2型糖尿病的高发家系人群,对2型糖尿病家系的发病情况、临床及生化指标进行分析.方法 按美国糖尿病学会标准,已诊断有糖尿病家族史的糖尿病先证者进行三代家族史和血统成员的调查研究,全部非患者采血做口服葡萄糖耐量试验确认,并对新老患者用免疫学方法,系谱分析和分子生物学方法排除1型糖尿病、青少年发病的成年型糖尿病(MODY)和线粒体遗传阳性家系,最终筛选出具有2个或2个以卜2型糖尿病患者的家系182个(实际调查共865人)并进行分析.全部家系成员均检查血糖、血脂、胰岛素C肽释放试验.结果 受调查的865名成员中2型糖尿病、单纯空腹血糖受损、单纯葡萄糖耐量减退、空腹血糖受损合并葡萄糖耐量减退总患病率为59.88%,2型糖尿病患病率为45.43%.新榆出2型糖尿病患者94例,单纯空腹血糖受损者14例,单纯葡萄糖耐量减退者61例,空腹血糖受损合并葡萄糖耐量减退者27例.先证者父、母、同胞、子女的患病率明显高于普通人群.糖尿病组收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油二酯、体重指数、胰岛素抵抗指数明显高于空腹血糖受损和(或)葡萄糖耐量减退组或未发病者.在2型糖尿病发病前的葡萄糖耐量减退阶段,收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、体重指数、胰岛素抵抗指数也高于正常人群.结论 2型糖尿病发病具有明显的家族聚集性,高血压、高血脂、肥胖是2型糖尿病的高危因素,胰岛素抵抗在糖尿病发病前已存在.  相似文献   
5.
目的比较阿卡波糖和米格列奈治疗T2DM的有效性和安全性。方法在该项多中心、开放、随机对照研究中,T2DM病程5年以下的患者被随机分为米格列奈组或阿卡波糖组,分别接受米格列奈钙片治疗10mg/次或阿卡波糖片治疗50 mg/次,3次/d,疗程均为12周。观察12周后HbA_1c、FBG、餐后血糖(PBG)的变化,以及安全性。结果本研究共入组患者248例,可进行疗效评价分析237例,其中米格列奈组118例,阿卡波糖组119例。治疗后,两组HbA_1c、FBG、PBG水平与基线比较均降低(P0.0001)。12周时,HbA_1c治疗前后下降值,米格列奈组(1.27±1.04)%,阿卡波糖组(1.00±1.30)%,两组差值(0.27±1.19)%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗8周,米格列奈组FBG下降(1.31±1.29)mmol/L,阿卡波糖组(0.86±1.68)mmol/L,两组差值(0.45±1.51)mmol/L,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗12周,FBG和PBG下降值两组相当(P0.05)。阿卡波糖组不良事件发生率为14.66%,米格列奈组为6.54%(P=0.0508);阿卡波糖组腹胀发生率高于米格列奈组(P=0.0055)。结论米格列奈和阿卡波糖均有降低HbA_1c、FBG及PBG的作用,且疗效相当,米格列奈较阿卡波糖有较少的胃肠道反应。  相似文献   
6.
Objective To explore the characteristics and risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) onset in pedigrees. Methods A total of 865 subjects were screened and diagnosed by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) based on American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) , maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) and chondriosome diabetes were excluded by clinical features and laboratory test of insulin and autoantibodies including glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody, insular cellular antibody and insulin autoantibody. A total of 182 pedigrees of T2DM were obtained. Results No gender difference was found in the prevalence of T2DM (42. 59% in male and 48. 18% in female respectively, P >0. 05) , nor was the newly diagnosed rate(9. 89% in male and 11. 82%in female, P > 0. 05). The onset age was (63. 3 ± 12. 4) years old in the first generation [(64. 4 ± 12. 5)years in male and (62. 3 ± 10. 3) years in female] , (47. 1 ± 8. 7) years old in the second generation [(48. 2 ±9. 3)years in male and (46. 1 ± 8. 1) years in female] , (29. 6 ± 10. 2) years old in the third generation [(28. 9 ±9. 5)years in male and (30. 0 ± 10. 4)years in female]. Compared with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) subjects , newly diagnosed T2DM and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) subjects had higher prevalence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking but less physical activities. Statistical differences were shown in body weight five years before diagnosis, one years before diagnosis and at diagnosis in newly diagnosed T2DM[(68. 4 ±12. 4)kg, (69. 5 ± 11. 0)kg and (69. 1 ±9. 6)kg] and IGR[(66. 1 ±10.7)kg, (65.9 ± 10.7) kg and(65.7 ± 10.4) kg] , when compared with NGT [(61.0 ± 10.2) kg,(59. 5 ±11.0) kg and (60. 1 ± 10. 4) kg, all P < 0. 05] . The same results were obtained with waist circumference and waist-hip ratio [(4. 1 ± 12. 5) cm and 0. 92 ± 0. 36 in newly diagnosed T2DM while (89. 1 ± 10. 7) cm and 0. 90 ± 0. 64 in IGR] , when compared with NGT[(82. 5 ± 10. 1) cm and 0. 82 ±0. 25] , all P <0. 05. Conclusions No gender difference was found in the onset characteristics of T2DM.High prevalence of obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking with less physical activities were associated with T2DM.  相似文献   
7.
目的:探讨迷走神经在胰岛素分泌第一时相调节中的作用?方法:健康毕格犬5只,麻醉后开腹切断迷走神经腹腔干的前干和后干,在手术前和手术后行静脉葡萄糖耐量试验和持续颈动脉葡萄糖注入试验,分别于葡萄糖输注前空腹和输注后1?2?4?6?10 min各从静脉取血样检测血糖?胰岛素?结果:手术后静脉葡萄糖耐量试验引起的胰岛素分泌第一时相较手术前降低且有统计学意义(p < 0.05),而血糖较手术前无明显变化?小剂量葡萄糖持续颈动脉注入未引起体循环血糖变化,但可引起胰岛素分泌增加,2~4 min达高峰;手术后胰岛素分泌降低且有统计学意义(p < 0.05)?结论:中枢神经系统可能参与胰岛素分泌第一时相的调节,其可能是通过迷走神经途径?  相似文献   
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