多模态超声对侵袭性前列腺癌的诊断价值及ROC曲线分析研究

目的：探讨多模态超声(MUS)对侵袭性前列腺癌(PCa)的诊断价值及受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析。方法：选择2018年01月至2021年02月于本院行手术切除并经病理证实的86例PCa患者作为研究对象,根据病理Gleason评分可分为两组,高侵袭组(Gleason＞4+3,共46例),低-中侵袭组(Gleason≤4+3,共40例)。所有患者术前均行MUS检查,包括经直肠常规超声(TRUS)、剪切波弹性成像(SWE)、超声造影(CEUS)。比较两组之间各参数的差异,采用ROC曲线分析其对高侵袭组PCa的诊断效能。结果：高侵袭组与低-中侵袭组的TRUS表现显著不同(P<0.05),其中高侵袭组中TRUS主要表现为弥漫性。高侵袭组SWE中SR比值(23.86±13.67)显著高于低-中侵袭组(12.82±11.95),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高侵袭组的CEUS参数中初始强度、峰值强度显著高于低-中侵袭组(P<0.05),而两组达峰时间、峰值减半时间无显著差异(P>0.05)。MUS对高侵袭组PCa诊断的ROC曲线下面积最大,敏感度、特异度也最高(P<0.05)。结论：MUS对高侵袭性PCa具有更高的诊断价值,有助于指导临床对治疗方案的选择。     

基于文献分析多囊卵巢综合征的中医证型分布及用药规律

目的:通过文献探析中医治疗多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的证型分布及临床用药规律。方法:检索2003年至2018年1月1日中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方、维普3个中文数据库中相关中医治疗PCOS的临床研究文献,建立中医治疗PCOS的整体证型及临床用药数据库,并对数据进行处理、分析。结果:①共纳入符合标准的文献252篇,方剂284首;②涉及证型共37种,其中常见证型为肾虚血瘀证、痰湿证、肾虚痰瘀证,共占43.31%;③涉及病位要素以肾为主,其次为肝、脾;涉及病性要素以血瘀、痰、湿为主;④涉及药物193味,按功效共分为16类,补虚药占41.44%,活血化瘀药占16.20%,化痰祛湿药占14.90%;⑤中医治疗PCOS药性以温、平为主,药味以甘为主,辛、苦次之。结论:PCOS病因病机复杂,以肾虚为本,血瘀、痰湿为标,治疗以补肾活血、化湿祛痰为主。     

Endostar,an Antiangiogenesis Inhibitor,Combined With Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer

This phase II randomized clinical trial aimed to assess the efficacy and toxicity of Endostar, an antiangiogenesis inhibitor, combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). Patients with LACC were randomly assigned to either CCRT plus Endostar (CCRT+E arm) or CCRT alone (CCRT arm). All patients received pelvic intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and brachytherapy. Weekly cisplatin was administered concurrently with IMRT. Patients in the CCRT+E arm also received concurrent Endostar every 3 weeks for two cycles. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) and acute toxicities. The exploratory endpoint was the impact of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) expression on long-term survival. A total of 116 patients were enrolled. Patients in the CCRT+E arm and in the CCRT arm had similar acute and late toxicity profile. The 1- and 2-year PFS were 91.4% versus 82.1% and 80.8% versus 63.5% (p=0.091), respectively. The 1- and 2-year distance metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were 92.7% versus 81.1% and 86.0% versus 65.1% (p=0.031), respectively. Patients with positive VEGFR2 expression had significant longer PFS and overall survival (OS) compared with those with negative VEGFR2 expression. Patients in the CCRT+E arm had significantly longer PFS, OS, and DMFS than those in the CCRT arm when VEGFR2 expression was positive. In conclusion, CCRT plus Endostar significantly improved DMFS but not PFS over CCRT alone. The addition of Endostar could significantly improve survival for patients with positive VEGFR2 expression.     

SLC12A5 interacts and enhances SOX18 activity to promote bladder urothelial carcinoma progression via upregulating MMP7

Solute carrier family 12 member 5 (SLC12A5) has an oncogenic role in bladder urothelial carcinoma. The present study aimed to characterize the molecular mechanisms of SLC12A5 in bladder urothelial carcinoma pathogenesis. Functional assays identified that in bladder urothelial carcinoma SLC12A5 interacts with and stabilizes SOX18, and then upregulates matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7). In vivo and in vitro assays were performed to confirm the effect of SLC12A5’s interaction with SOX18 on MMP7‐mediated bladder urothelial carcinoma progression. SLC12A5 was upregulated in human bladder tumors, and correlated with the poor survival of patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma tumor invasion and metastasis, promoted by SLC12A5 overexpression. We demonstrated that SLC12A5 interacted with SOX18, and then upregulated MMP7, thus enhancing tumor progression. Importantly, SLC12A5 expression correlated positively with SOX18 and MMP7 expression in bladder urothelial carcinoma. Furthermore, SLC12A5 expression was suppressed by miR‐133a‐3p. Ectopic expression of SLC12A5 partly abolished miR‐133a‐3p‐mediated suppression of cell migration. SLC12A5‐SOX18 complex‐mediated upregulation on MMP7 was important in bladder urothelial carcinoma progression. The miR‐133a‐3p/SLC12A5/SOX18/MMP7 signaling axis was critical for progression, and provided an effective therapeutic approach against bladder urothelial carcinoma.     

酸枣仁汤治疗原发性肝癌患者肝血不足型失眠的临床研究

目的观察酸枣仁汤治疗原发性肝癌患者肝血不足型失眠的临床疗效及其对神经-内分泌-免疫网络的调节作用。方法将70例原发性肝癌伴肝血不足型失眠患者随机分为治疗组与对照组,每组35例。两组均以常规中西医结合治疗原发性肝癌为基础,治疗组给予酸枣仁汤颗粒剂,对照组给予安慰剂,连续28 d。比较匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表评分、中医证候评分、血红蛋白(Hb)、血小板(PLT)、前白蛋白(PAB)、血清5-羟色胺(5-HT)、褪黑素(MT)、白介素-2受体(IL-2R)、白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的变化情况。结果 (1)治疗组总有效率88.2%,对照组总有效率27.3%,治疗组疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);(2)治疗组治疗后PSQI总分及各成分评分、中医证候评分较对照组及治疗前显著降低(P0.05),各评分治疗前后差值大于对照组(P0.05);(3)治疗组治疗后血清5-HT、MT含量较对照组及治疗前显著升高(P0.05),治疗组血清IL-2R、IL-8、TNF-α含量较对照组及治疗前显著降低(P0.05),以上指标治疗前后差值均大于对照组(P0.05),治疗组治疗后血清IL-6含量与对照组及治疗前比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗前后差值与对照组比较无显著差异(P0.05);(4)治疗组治疗后Hb、PAB较对照组及治疗前显著升高(P0.05),治疗前后差值大于对照组(P0.05)。结论酸枣仁汤可有效改善原发性肝癌伴肝血不足型失眠患者的睡眠情况、营养水平以及肝血不足的症状,能提高患者血清5-HT、MT含量,降低血清IL-2R、IL-8、TNF-α含量,调节神经-内分泌-免疫网络,改善肝癌患者体内炎症环境,提示安神以扶正在恶性肿瘤虚证中具有辅助治疗作用。     

一株靶向CD90+MHCC97-L细胞单克隆抗体治疗肝癌的实验研究

目的:研究抗人肝癌干细胞单抗28C10体内外功能，为肝癌干细胞的靶向治疗提供有应用价值的候选治疗剂。方法:采用无血清成球实验、侵袭实验和CCK-8方法等检测分析28C10单抗对MHCC97-L sphere的细胞自我更新、侵袭和耐药的影响。裸鼠体内治疗实验研究单抗28C10联合顺铂对MHCC97-L移植瘤生长的作用。Western-Blot方法鉴定该单抗识别抗原的分子量。结果:流式细胞检测结果显示单抗28C10能够识别MHCC97-L中CD90阳性细胞的比例为2.75%。体外功能实验结果显示单抗28C10能显著抑制MHCC97-L sphere细胞的无血清成球能力和侵袭能力，抑制率分别达33.33%和53.8%。28C10能显著抑制MHCC97-L sphere的顺铂耐药能力，其IC50为0.74 μg/ml，而对照组的IC50为1.42 μg/ml。抗体体内治疗实验结果显示，低、高剂量抗体28C10均能抑制肝癌移植瘤的生长，抑制率分别达到了24.0%和67.7%，单独顺铂组肝癌移植瘤的抑制率为35.9%，而顺铂联合高剂量抗体28C10组对肝癌移植瘤的抑制率达到70.1%。Western-Blot结果显示单抗28C10识别的抗原蛋白分子量约100 kD。结论:筛选获得了1株抗肝癌干细胞的功能性单抗，为靶向肝癌干细胞治疗肝癌奠定了重要的基础。     

基于TCGA 数据库卵巢癌患者的miR-301b 表达量与生存状况生物信息学分析

目的 研究肿瘤基因图谱（the cancer genome atlas，TCGA）数据库中microRNA-301b（miR-301b）在478 例卵巢癌患者中的表达量与卵巢癌患者生存状况的关系。方法 对TCGA 数据库中478 例卵巢癌患者的miR-301b 表达量与生存状况进行分析，预测其靶基因及生物学活性。结果 miR-301b 高表达患者具有更长的生存时间, 是卵巢癌患者预后的保护因素（OS:P<0.001, DFS:P<0.05），综合3 个靶基因数据库的预测结果得到12 个靶基因，编码的蛋白多数与肿瘤的发生发展有关，其中靶基因TEA 结构域家族成员1（TEA domain family member 1，TEAD1） 与胞质多糖基化元件结合蛋白4(cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 4, CPEB4)的表达量与卵巢癌患者的预后相关（TEAD1:P<0.05，CPEB4:P<0.05）。结论 miR-301b 表达对卵巢癌患者的预后具有重要的意义，表现出抑癌因子的作用，对卵巢癌的预后评估和治疗具有重要的指导意义。