上海市某社区小学生近视状况及相关因素分析

【目的】了解上海市闵行区小学生近视状况及相关因素分析。【方法】选取2019年1月1日至12月31日期间参加屈光筛查的11 356名6~10岁小学生作为本次研究的对象,调查项目包括视力检查和电脑验光。【结果】6~10岁社区小学生近视检出率45.59%。女性高于男性,6~10岁检出率分别为22.88%、31.77%、47.62%、60.53%、69.84%,呈线性趋势(χ²=1.31,P<0.001)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,性别、年龄、父母近视状态是社区小学生屈光近视的影响因素;出生体重、是否早产、体重指数(BMI)对社区小学生屈光近视无影响。【结论】社区儿童青少年屈光近视的检出率较高,且不同人群特征检出情况有所差异,因此需针对不同年龄段、不同学生特征儿童青少年采取综合施策优先,重点人群重点防控的多层次防控策略。     

New era of research on cancer‐associated glycosphingolipids

Cancer‐associated glycosphingolipids have been used as markers for diagnosis and targets for immunotherapy of malignant tumors. Recent progress in the analysis of their implications in the malignant properties of cancer cells revealed that cancer‐associated glycosphingolipids are not only tumor markers, but also functional molecules regulating various signals introduced by membrane microdomains, lipid rafts. In particular, a novel approach, enzyme‐mediated activation of radical sources combined with mass spectrometry, has enabled us to clarify the mechanisms by which cancer‐associated glycosphingolipids regulate cell signals based on the interaction with membrane molecules and formation of molecular complexes on the cell surface. Novel findings obtained from these approaches are now providing us with insights into the development of new anticancer therapies targeting membrane molecular complexes consisting of cancer‐associated glycolipids and their associated membrane molecules. Thus, a new era of cancer‐associated glycosphingolipids has now begun.     

氯氮平片辅助治疗PD合并精神障碍患者的有效性及不良反应研究

目的:对氯氮平片在帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease,PD)合并精神障碍辅助治疗中的应用价值予以探讨。方法:选取50例我院2013年1月1日—2019年6月30日接诊的PD合并精神障碍患者进行研究,按照随机数表法分为对照组和观察组。对照组用多巴丝肼,观察组联合氯氮平片,对比治疗效果。结果:观察组疾病治疗总有效率96.00%(24/25)高于对照组68.00%(17/25),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不良反应发生率8.00%(2/25)与对照组20.00%(5/25)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组UPDRD评分、VGI-S评分和BPRS评分明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:氯氮平片辅助治疗PD合并精神障碍患者,既可提高临床疗效,也不会增加用药后不良反应,安全性高,值得推广。     

Research progress on magnetic resonance imaging-guided proton therapy for tumors

With the application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided photon therapy, the concept of combining real-time MRI guidance with proton therapy, namely, MRI-guided proton therapy (MRPT), has attracted widespread attention. It is expected that MRPT canmitigate the uncertaintiesduring the treatment of proton therapy to make full use of the physical advantages of protons. However, multiple electromagnetic interactions between proton therapy and MRI-guided systems may lead to mutual interference between the two systems. This article review the research progress on the MRPT system, aiming to provide certain reference for the design of MRPT system.     

腹腔镜解剖性肝切除术与非解剖性肝切除术的前瞻性对比研究

目的探讨腹腔镜下解剖性肝切除术和非解剖性肝切除术治疗肝癌的临床疗效。 方法按照前瞻性随机对照试验选取本院2015年1月至2018年2月期间收治的106例肝癌患者进行，按照随机数字表法分为解剖组(行腹腔镜解剖性肝切除术)和非解剖组(行腹腔镜非解剖性肝切除术)各53例。采用SPSS20.0统计软件对数据进行分析，围术期指标、肝功能指标用( ±s)表示，采用独立t检验；术后并发症发生率、术后1年复发转移率和生存率组间比较用χ²检验；P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果解剖组的手术时间明显长于非解剖组，但术中出血量、输血量明显减少，住院时间显著短于非解剖组(P<0.05)。非解剖组术后第1、3、7天血清ALT、TBIL值明显高于解剖组(P<0.05)；术后1、3天血清AST值解剖组低于非解剖组(P<0.05)。解剖组术后并发症发生率为7.5%低于非解剖组22.6%(P<0.05)。解剖组与非解剖组1年总体生存率分别为94.3%和88.6%，两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；1年无瘤生存率分别为90.6%和75.5%(P＝0.038)，两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论相对于腹腔镜非解剖性肝切除术，腹腔镜解剖性肝切除术临床疗效更好，并有效提高1年无瘤生存率，值得在临床上进一步推广应用。