国产外源性肺表面活性物质治疗新生儿重症感染性肺炎多中心前瞻性临床研究

目的 研究国产外源性肺表面活性物质（珂立苏）对新生儿重症感染性肺炎的治疗效果。方法 研究对象为来自中国5家医院的208例重症感染性肺炎新生儿,在入院时根据家长意愿给予常规治疗（对照组,81例）和珂立苏治疗+常规治疗（珂立苏组,127例）,比较两组患儿入院时对氧的依赖程度、治疗前后动脉血气分析结果及肺脏超声表现的变化、机械通气时间、住院时间、住院费用、并发症及预后等。结果 入院时珂立苏组吸入氧浓度明显高于对照组,动脉血氧分压明显低于对照组,二氧化碳分压明显高于对照组,氧合指数明显低于对照组（P < 0.01）。治疗1 h后,两组患儿动脉血气和氧合状态均得到改善,且珂立苏组改善状况显著优于对照组（P < 0.05）。补充珂立苏后4~6 h,患儿肺部实变程度显著减轻。与对照组比较,珂立苏组机械通气时间、住院时间均明显缩短,而两组患儿并发症发生率差异无统计学意义,预后均良好。结论 珂立苏治疗能显著改善新生儿重症感染性肺炎患儿的氧合状态,减轻肺实变程度,缩短患儿机械通气时间和住院时间,值得临床推广应用。     

Early risk factors for death in neonates with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn treated with inhaled nitric oxide北大核心CSCD

Objective To evaluate the early risk factors for death in neonates with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) treated with inhaled nitric oxide (iNO). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 105 infants with PPHN (gestational age ≥34 weeks and age <7 days on admission) who received iNO treatment in the Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, from July 2017 to March 2021. Related general information and clinical data were collected. According to the clinical outcome at discharge, the infants were divided into a survival group with 79 infants and a death group with 26 infants. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate the risk factors for death in infants with PPHN treated with iNO. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to calculate the cut-off values of the factors in predicting the death risk. Results A total of 105 infants with PPHN treated with iNO were included, among whom 26 died (26/105, 24.8%). The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that no early response to iNO (HR=8.500, 95%CI: 3.024-23.887, P<0.001), 1-minute Apgar score ≤3 points (HR=10.094, 95%CI: 2.577-39.534, P=0.001), a low value of minimum PaO2/FiO2 within 12 hours after admission (HR=0.067, 95%CI: 0.009-0.481, P=0.007), and a low value of minimum pH within 12 hours after admission (HR=0.049, 95%CI: 0.004-0.545, P=0.014) were independent risk factors for death. The ROC curve analysis showed that the lowest PaO2/FiO2 value within 12 hours after admission had an area under the ROC curve of 0.783 in predicting death risk, with a sensitivity of 84.6% and a specificity of 73.4% at the cut-off value of 50, and the lowest pH value within 12 hours after admission had an area under the ROC curve of 0.746, with a sensitivity of 76.9% and a specificity of 65.8% at the cut-off value of 7.2. Conclusions Infants with PPHN requiring iNO treatment tend to have a high mortality rate. No early response to iNO, 1-minute Apgar score ≤3 points, the lowest PaO2/FiO2 value <50 within 12 hours after admission, and the lowest pH value <7.2 within 12 hours after admission are the early risk factors for death in such infants. Monitoring and evaluation of the above indicators will help to identify high-risk infants in the early stage. © 2022 Xiangya Hospital of CSU. All rights reserved.     

新生儿经典型异戊酸血症1例报告

异戊酸血症;异戊酰辅酶A脱氢酶;新生儿;基因突变