结直肠癌细胞Kiss-1基因表达在X线照射后的变化及其与肿瘤细胞增殖和凋亡的关系

目的研究X线照射后人结直肠癌SW480细胞中肿瘤转移抑制基因Kiss-1表达水平变化及其对细胞增殖和凋亡能力的影响。方法SW480细胞分为对照组（0Gy）和不同照射剂量（2、4、6和8Gy）的实验组。实验组经6-MVX线照射后48h,应用细胞免疫组织化学、实时定量PCR法检测细胞中Kiss．1蛋白及mRNA水平．通过软琼脂集落形成实验和流式细胞法检测细胞增殖和凋亡情况。结果与对照组相比,2、4Gy剂量组细胞Kiss-1蛋白表达无明显改变（P〉0．05）．6、8Gv剂量组表达明显上调（P〈0．05）;在2、4、6Gy剂量组细胞瞄SS-1基因mRNA水平上调（P〈0．05）,8Gy剂量组则无明显改变（P〉0．05）;与对照组相比,各剂量组细胞克隆形成数均明显减少（P〈0．05）：4、6、8Gy剂量组细胞凋亡率增加（P〈0．05）。2Gv剂量组细胞凋亡率无明显改变（P〉0．05）。结论X线照射有可能上调SW480细胞Kiss-1基因的表达．同时残存癌细胞凋亡率增高、增殖力下降。     

透明质酸生物活性的研究进展

透明质酸多糖（hyaluronic acid,HA）是一种大分子酸性粘多糖,由N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖（GlcNAc）与葡萄糖醛酸（GlcA）双糖单位聚合而成,即[（1—3）．B—D—GlcNAc（1—4）-D—D—GlcA],平均相对分子质量为10^5～10^7,其在医药、化妆品、食品等领域有广泛而独特的应用价值。一般是通过HA酶（HAase）的酶解途径或活性氧自由基（ROS）的氧化途径,HA经过降解可以得到低相对分子质量的透明质酸（LMWHA）和透明质酸寡聚糖（o—HA）。     

胸段食管癌三维适形放疗摆位误差研究

Objective To study the setup errors in three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) for thoracic esophageal carcinoma using electronic portal imaging device(EPID) and calculate the margins from CTV to PTV. Methods Forty-one patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma who received 3DCRT were continuously enrolled into this study. The anterior and lateral electronic portal images (EPI) were aquired by EPID once a week. The setup errors were obtained through comparing the difference between EPI and digitally reconstructed radiographs(DRR). Then the setup margins from CTV to PTV were calculat-ed. By using self paired design,22 patients received definitive radiotherapy with different margins. Group A: the margins were 10 mm in all the three axes;Group B: the margins were aquired in this study. The differ-ence were compared by Paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results The margins from CTV to PTV in x,y and z axes were 8.72 mm, 10.50 mm and 5.62 mm, respectively. Between the group A and group B, the difference of the maximum dose of the spinal cord was significant(4638.7 cGy±1449.6 cGy vs. 4310.2 cGy±1528.7 cGy; t=5.48, P=0.000), and the difference of NTCP for the spinal cord was also significant (4.82%±5.99% vs. 3.64%±4.70%;Z=-2.70,P=0.007). Conclusions For patients with tho-racic esophageal carcinoma who receive 3DCRT in author's department,the margins from CTV to PTV in x, y and z axes were 8.72 mm, 10.50 mm and 5.62 mm, respectively. The spinal cord could be better protected by using these setup margins than using 10 mm in each axis.     

放射治疗对直肠癌组织中肿瘤转移抑制基因Kiss-1表达的影响

目的：探讨放射治疗对直肠癌组织中Kiss-1基因表达的影响及意义。方法：应用免疫组化SP法检测29例放射治疗前、后直肠癌组织中Kiss-1基因的表达,通过图像分析系统（Image-Pro Plus 6.0）进行定量分析。结果：放射治疗前直肠癌组织中Kiss-1基因表达水平的图像分析灰度值为160.81±2.78,放疗后为158.04±3.24,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：放射治疗对直肠癌中肿瘤转移抑制基因Kiss-1的表达无明显影响,推测放射治疗不会增加直肠癌转移的风险。     

胸段食管癌三维适形放疗摆位误差研究

Objective To study the setup errors in three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) for thoracic esophageal carcinoma using electronic portal imaging device(EPID) and calculate the margins from CTV to PTV. Methods Forty-one patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma who received 3DCRT were continuously enrolled into this study. The anterior and lateral electronic portal images (EPI) were aquired by EPID once a week. The setup errors were obtained through comparing the difference between EPI and digitally reconstructed radiographs(DRR). Then the setup margins from CTV to PTV were calculat-ed. By using self paired design,22 patients received definitive radiotherapy with different margins. Group A: the margins were 10 mm in all the three axes;Group B: the margins were aquired in this study. The differ-ence were compared by Paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results The margins from CTV to PTV in x,y and z axes were 8.72 mm, 10.50 mm and 5.62 mm, respectively. Between the group A and group B, the difference of the maximum dose of the spinal cord was significant(4638.7 cGy±1449.6 cGy vs. 4310.2 cGy±1528.7 cGy; t=5.48, P=0.000), and the difference of NTCP for the spinal cord was also significant (4.82%±5.99% vs. 3.64%±4.70%;Z=-2.70,P=0.007). Conclusions For patients with tho-racic esophageal carcinoma who receive 3DCRT in author's department,the margins from CTV to PTV in x, y and z axes were 8.72 mm, 10.50 mm and 5.62 mm, respectively. The spinal cord could be better protected by using these setup margins than using 10 mm in each axis.     

胸段食管癌三维适形放疗摆位误差研究

Objective To study the setup errors in three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) for thoracic esophageal carcinoma using electronic portal imaging device(EPID) and calculate the margins from CTV to PTV. Methods Forty-one patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma who received 3DCRT were continuously enrolled into this study. The anterior and lateral electronic portal images (EPI) were aquired by EPID once a week. The setup errors were obtained through comparing the difference between EPI and digitally reconstructed radiographs(DRR). Then the setup margins from CTV to PTV were calculat-ed. By using self paired design,22 patients received definitive radiotherapy with different margins. Group A: the margins were 10 mm in all the three axes;Group B: the margins were aquired in this study. The differ-ence were compared by Paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results The margins from CTV to PTV in x,y and z axes were 8.72 mm, 10.50 mm and 5.62 mm, respectively. Between the group A and group B, the difference of the maximum dose of the spinal cord was significant(4638.7 cGy±1449.6 cGy vs. 4310.2 cGy±1528.7 cGy; t=5.48, P=0.000), and the difference of NTCP for the spinal cord was also significant (4.82%±5.99% vs. 3.64%±4.70%;Z=-2.70,P=0.007). Conclusions For patients with tho-racic esophageal carcinoma who receive 3DCRT in author's department,the margins from CTV to PTV in x, y and z axes were 8.72 mm, 10.50 mm and 5.62 mm, respectively. The spinal cord could be better protected by using these setup margins than using 10 mm in each axis.     

X线照射对人结直肠癌细胞株SW480中Kiss-1基因表达的影响

目的探讨X线照射对体外培养人结直肠癌细胞株SW480中肿瘤转移抑制基因Kiss-1表达的影响。方法应用SYBRGreen实时定量PCR检测、相对定量法分析不同剂量X线照射后24、48 h SW480中Kiss-1 mRNA的表达水平。结果与对照组相比,照射后24 h,各照射组Kiss-1 mRNA表达的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);照射后48 h,2、4、6 Gy组Kiss-1 mRNA表达上调(P<0.05),8 Gy组Kiss-1 mRNA的表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 X线照射不会导致结直肠癌细胞Kiss-1基因表达下调,放疗可能不会增加结直肠癌转移的风险。     

胸段食管癌三维适形放疗摆位误差研究

目的 应用电子射野影像装置(EPID)测量胸段食管癌三维适形放疗(3DCRT)的摆位误差,推算PTV与CTV之间的间隙.方法 对41例胸段食管癌患者每周拍摄1次正侧位EPI,通过比较EPI和数字重建影像(DRR)的差异来测量摆位误差.根据公式计算出PTV与CTV之间的间隙.采用自身配对设计对22例接受根治性放疗患者应用不同PTV与CTV的间隙值分别设计两套模拟治疗计划,A组x、y和z轴均为10 mm,B组采用本研究结果 的间隙值.应用配对t检验或Wilcoxon符号秩检验来比较两套计划间的差异.结果 x、y、z轴的PTV与CTV的间隙值分别为8.72、10.50、5.62 mm.两套模拟计划间的脊髓最高照射剂量不同,A计划为(4638.7±1449.6)cGy,B计划为(4310.2±1528.7)cGy(t=5.48,P=0.000);脊髓并发症概率也不同,A计划为4.82%±5.99%,B计划为3.64%±4.70%(Z=-2.70,P=0.007).结论 笔者单位胸段食管癌接受3DCRT时在x,y和z轴上的PTV与CTV之间的间隙值分别为8.72、10.50、5.62 mm;与3个轴均为10 mm的间隙值相比应用本研究结果 制定治疗计划可更有效地保护脊髓.     

食管癌同步放化疗奈达铂加氟脲苷方案剂量递增试验

目的:探讨奈达铂(NDP)加氟脲苷(FUDR)方案应用于食管癌同步放化疗时的最大耐受剂量(MTD)并观察其毒副反应.方法:共入选13例初治食管鳞癌患者.放射治疗采用常规分割方法,照射剂量为60Gy/30次,6周.同步化疗采用剂量递增方法,起始剂量为NDP 20 mg·m-2,FUDR 300 mg·m-2,d 1用药,以后每周用药1次,共6次.递增剂量为NDP 5 mg·m-2,FUDR 50 mg·m-2.DLT定义为3级或3级以上毒性反应.每剂量组至少5例,如无剂量限制毒性(DLT)出现则进入下一剂量组,直到出现DLT.出现DLT的前一剂量即为MTD.结果:DLT为3级放射性食管炎,发生于NDP 30 mg·m-2,FUDR 400 mg·m-2剂量水平,共有2例患者发生;其前一剂量水平NDP 25 mg·m-2,FUDR 350 mg·m-2即为MTD.主要毒性反应为放射性食管炎、放射性肺炎、厌食、呕吐、白细胞减少、血小板下降和肝功能损害.结论:食管癌同步放化疗奈达铂加氟脲苷每周方案的最大耐受量为NDP 25 mg·m-2,FUDR 350 mg·m-2.     

胸段食管癌三维适形放疗摆位误差研究

Objective To study the setup errors in three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) for thoracic esophageal carcinoma using electronic portal imaging device(EPID) and calculate the margins from CTV to PTV. Methods Forty-one patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma who received 3DCRT were continuously enrolled into this study. The anterior and lateral electronic portal images (EPI) were aquired by EPID once a week. The setup errors were obtained through comparing the difference between EPI and digitally reconstructed radiographs(DRR). Then the setup margins from CTV to PTV were calculat-ed. By using self paired design,22 patients received definitive radiotherapy with different margins. Group A: the margins were 10 mm in all the three axes;Group B: the margins were aquired in this study. The differ-ence were compared by Paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results The margins from CTV to PTV in x,y and z axes were 8.72 mm, 10.50 mm and 5.62 mm, respectively. Between the group A and group B, the difference of the maximum dose of the spinal cord was significant(4638.7 cGy±1449.6 cGy vs. 4310.2 cGy±1528.7 cGy; t=5.48, P=0.000), and the difference of NTCP for the spinal cord was also significant (4.82%±5.99% vs. 3.64%±4.70%;Z=-2.70,P=0.007). Conclusions For patients with tho-racic esophageal carcinoma who receive 3DCRT in author's department,the margins from CTV to PTV in x, y and z axes were 8.72 mm, 10.50 mm and 5.62 mm, respectively. The spinal cord could be better protected by using these setup margins than using 10 mm in each axis.