电针对慢性阻塞性肺疾病模型大鼠肺功能及TGF-β、TNF-α、IL-8的影响

目的观察电针"肺俞""足三里"对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD)大鼠肺功能及转化生长因子-β(transforming growth factor-β, TGF-β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor, TNF-α)、白细胞介素-8(interleukin-8, IL-8)表达的影响,初步探讨针刺治疗COPD的效应机制。方法 60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、针刺组,每组20只,因模型复制和针刺干预过程中部分大鼠死亡,最终纳入统计为每组10只。采用气管灌注脂多糖联合香烟烟熏法复制COPD大鼠模型。针刺组采用电针对大鼠双侧"肺俞""足三里"穴进行干预治疗,每次20 min,1次/d,共干预15 d,模型组和正常组大鼠不作干预。干预结束后测定各组大鼠肺通气功能,苏木精-伊红(hematine-eosine, HE)染色法观察各组大鼠肺组织病理学变化,酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA)检测血清、肺泡灌洗液和肺组织中TNF-α、TGF-β、IL-8含量。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肺泡腔明显扩张伴肺组织间隙炎性浸润,肺活量、第0.1秒用力呼气量占用力肺活量(forced vital capacity, FVC)比值以及第0.3秒用力呼气量占FVC比值均显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),血清、肺泡灌洗液和肺组织中TNF-α、IL-8、TGF-β含量均升高(P<0.01);与模型组比较,电针组大鼠肺泡腔扩张和肺组织炎性浸润减轻,肺活量、第0.1秒用力呼气量占FVC比值以及第0.3秒用力呼气量占FVC比值均显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),血清、肺泡灌洗液和肺组织中TNF-α、TGF-β、IL-8水平明显降低(P<0.01)。结论电针可以改善COPD气道通气受限情况,缓解肺泡扩张和肺组织炎性反应,降低机体炎性细胞因子水平。其中,抑制TNF-α、TGF-β、IL-8的高表达状态可能是针刺改善COPD呼吸道炎症和气道阻塞的效应机制之一。     

中医院校生理学开放性实验教学初探

生理学实验是中医院校重要的基础实验课之一,实行开放性实验可以启发或培养学生的科研创新性思维.通过抽取本科生进行生理学开放性实验,并对实验的学生进行问卷调查,分析实验效果,探讨教学体会,为今后全面实行开放性实验教学提供参考.     

中医药社区服务的调查与分析

对合肥市26个社区卫生服务中心（站）进行问卷调查,发现中医药已一定程度地融入了社区卫生,然而中医药社区服务仍存在人才匮乏、中医诊疗技术水平不高及中医药服务体系不完善等问题,因而要采取整合中医药人才资源、探索“六位一体”方案、强化社区卫生服务公益性、扩大社区中医药服务的群众基础等措施,方能使中医药更好地服务社区医疗。     

卟啉在肿瘤诊断和治疗中的应用

卟啉化合物及其衍生物对肿瘤具有特殊的亲和作用,能够选择性集聚在肿瘤细胞周围,并且具有良好的光物理性质和光敏性质,因此广泛用于肿瘤的早期诊断和治疗.现综述卟啉化合物及其衍生物在肿瘤诊断和治疗中的研究进展.     

功能性胃肠病及针灸对其防治的机制

功能性胃肠病(functional gastrointestinal disorders, FGID)是一组胃肠综合征的总称,多伴有精神因素的背景,以胃运动功能紊乱为主.FGID表现多种症状,情况复杂.临床和实验研究显示,针灸防治功能性胃肠病有良好的疗效,特别是针灸对胃肠动力的调整作用更是关注的热点之一.     

合肥市344名学生烟民的吸烟模式调查

吸烟已成为危害健康的一个重要因素，我国是烟草大国，尤其令人担心的是青少年吸烟率正逐年上升。有研究显示，现在我国2亿20a以下的吸烟者中，约有1／4最终因为吸烟所引起的疾病致死，多数人为中年早逝，近半数为肺癌。虽然有许多学者在控制吸烟方面做了大量的工作，但收效甚微。为便于制     

针灸防治功能性胃肠病进展

随着新世纪社会发展和科技进步 ,人们维护健康的理念和标准与现代的生理 心理 社会新医学模式一致 ,体现着提高以预防为主的公共卫生水平的医学目的 ,成为未来医学发展的方向。功能性胃肠病 (FGID)的临床研究进展迅速 ,胃肠动力更是关注的热点之一。基于功能性胃肠病 (FGID)表现多种症状 ,情况复杂 ,提出许多的中西医结合治疗方法 ,理想满意的治疗仍不确定。在缺乏明显有效的治疗方案下 ,我们当从具有一定疗效的非药物治疗方法中选择。非药物疗法无非是改善饮食、心理治疗 (心理疏导、生物反馈 )和体表胃起搏治疗。有几千年悠久历史的…     

电针“肺俞”穴对慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠迷走神经放电的影响

目的 观察电针“肺俞”穴对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD)大鼠迷走神经放电的影响,初步探讨针刺治疗COPD的作用机制。方法 随机将40只SD大鼠分为正常组、正常电针组、模型组、模型电针组,后两组以香烟烟熏结合脂多糖气管滴注法复制COPD模型。观察各组大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, BALF)和血浆中乙酰胆碱（acetylcholine, ACh）的含量,并取正常电针组、模型电针组大鼠的“肺俞”穴进行即刻电针治疗,观察电针前后大鼠迷走神经放电情况。结果 与电针前比较,正常电针组和模型电针组大鼠电针后颈部左侧迷走神经放电频率、面积和幅度均显著增加（P<0.05） 模型电针组大鼠电针前后颈部左侧迷走神经放电频率、面积和幅度差值显著大于正常电针组（P<0.05）。ACh在外周血浆中含量变化为：模型组显著高于正常组（P<0.05）,模型电针组显著高于正常电针组但显著低于模型组（P<0.05）。ACh在BALF中含量变化为：正常电针组显著高于正常组（P<0.05）,模型电针组显著高于正常电针组和模型组（P<0.05）。结论 电针“肺俞”穴可使COPD大鼠迷走神经放电增强,并促进肺局部ACh递质的释放。     

中医类专业文理科生源本科生的生理学成绩分析

目的 探讨中医类专业文理科生源本科生的生理学成绩是否存在差异。方法 对1 508名（文科707名,理科801名）学生的生理学期末卷面成绩进行统计分析和研究。结果 各专业班级文理科生的生理学成绩比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 文理科生源对生理学的基本理论知识的学习无明显影响,但教师应思考针对文理科生源特点,从讲好第一课、增加授课的人文元素、主讲生命活动现象和规律、探索问题导向性教学方法、增加实践机会培养创新能力和科研素养方面入手,以提升课堂教学效果,提高人才培养质量。     

Effect of electroacupuncture on expressions of acetylcholine and mucin 5AC in the lungs of rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective

To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on the expressions of acetylcholine (ACh) and mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) in the lungs of rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and explore the mechanism of EA in treating COPD.

Methods

Thirty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a control group, a COPD group, and an EA group, with 10 rats in each group. The control group was a group of normal rats. The COPD rat model was induced by cigarette smoke combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The COPD rats were treated with EA at bilateral Feishu (BL 13) and Zusanli (ST 36) in the EA group, 30 min each time, once a day, successively for 14 d. The lung function was tested. The contents of ACh and MUC5AC in lungs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between pulmonary function and the content of MUC5AC in lungs. The mRNA and protein expressions of MUC5AC in lung tissues were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot (WB), respectively. The immune response of MUC5AC was observed by immunohistochemistry.

Results

Eight rats were left in each group, and the other two died. Compared with the control group, the total airway resistance (Raw) increased significantly and dynamic compliance (Cdyn) decreased significantly in the COPD group (P<0.01); compared with the COPD group, the Raw level declined significantly and Cdyn increased significantly in the EA group (P<0.01). The contents of ACh and MUC5AC in the lungs and BALF were remarkably higher in the COPD group compared with those in the control group (P<0.01, P<0.001); compared with the COPD group, the contents of ACh and MUC5AC were significantly lower in the EA group (P<0.05, P<0.001). There was a negative correlation between MUC5AC content and lung function (P<0.001). The mRNA and protein expressions of MUC5AC in the lungs were significantly higher in the COPD group than in the control group (P<0.001); compared with the COPD group, the expressions were significantly lower in the EA group (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the immune response of MUC5AC in the airway epithelium significantly increased in the COPD group (P<0.001); the immune response of MUC5AC was significantly lower in the EA group compared with that in the COPD group (P<0.001).

Conclusion

EA treatment can improve the lung function of COPD rats, which may be related to its effect in the down-regulation of ACh and MUC5AC contents in the lungs as well as the inhibition of mucus hypersecretion.