包皮过长和包茎组织中触觉小体观察

目的观察包茎和包皮过长组织中触觉小体差异情况。方法收集21~25岁年龄组包皮标本44例,按包皮解剖形态分为:①包茎组21例;②包皮过长组23例。用免疫组化方法对两组包皮标本中的触觉小体进行染色,在放大100倍的视野下观察和统计两组包皮标本中触觉小体总数以及视野的总数,并用卡方检验对两组间的差异进行统计学分析。结果两组标本中,分别有8个(8/21包茎组)和10个(10/23包皮过长组)标本中未发现触觉小体,其差异无显著性(P=0.717)。包茎组和包皮过长组中触觉小体的密度分别为33.1%和21.1%,差异具显著性(P=0.022)。结论包茎中触觉小体密度较包皮过长明显升高可能是一种生理性代偿机制,而两种包皮组织中触觉小体的消失可能遵循同一规律。     

CO2激光包皮环切"美容"术1624例

目的探讨将整形美容的方法引入CO2激光包皮环切术中治疗包皮过长及包茎的疗效。方法在行常规CO2激光包皮环切术中,将整形美容的方法贯穿始终。结果1624例中,1593例术后未发生并发症,伤口愈合良好,外形美观;7例术后6h内发生出血,24例术后9~20d切口裂开。结论将整形美容的方法引入CO2激光包皮环切术中,伤口愈合良好,外形美观,疗效满意。     

阴茎癌56例临床分析

目的 :探讨阴茎癌有效合理的治疗方法。方法 :总结分析 5 6例阴茎癌发病及治疗情况 ,其中鳞状细胞癌5 0例 ,乳头状瘤癌变 6例 ,行阴茎部分切除术 48例 ,阴茎全切并会阴部造口术 6例 ,双腹股沟淋巴清扫术 10例 ,包皮环切并血卟啉光敏治疗 2例。结果 :5 1例获得随访。行阴茎部分切除术者 5年和 10年生存率分别为83 3 %和 80 % ,行阴茎全切术者 5年生存率为 6 6 8%。结论 :包茎及包皮过长是导致阴茎癌的主要诱因。对于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期阴茎癌行阴茎部分切除术疗效确切     

The response of balanitis xerotica obliterans to local steroid application compared with placebo in children

PURPOSE: We evaluated the clinical effectiveness of topical steroid application for balanitis xerotica obliterans in children and analyzed the association of any clinical response with histological findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our double-blind, placebo controlled, randomized study included 40 boys in whom balanitis xerotica obliterans was diagnosed clinically by cicatricial phimosis. The severity of phimosis was graded into 4 groups. Patients were randomized to receive the topical application of 0.05% mometasone furoate or placebo. After 5 weeks phimosis severity was reevaluated and all patients underwent circumcision. Surgical specimens were histologically typed as an early, intermediate or late form of balanitis xerotica obliterans. RESULTS: Seven patients were withdrawn from the study. In the steroid group 7 boys had clinical improvement and 10 had no change. Histological study showed an early, intermediate and late form of balanitis xerotica obliterans in 5, 5 and 7 cases, respectively. Of cases with clinical improvement 5 were the early and 2 the intermediate type. In the placebo group 5 cases worsened clinically and 11 did not change. Histological evaluation revealed an early, intermediate and late form of balanitis xerotica obliterans in 3, 7 and 6 boys, respectively. Of the 5 cases with histological worsening, disease was the early, intermediate and late type in 2, 2 and 1, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Applying a potent topical steroid affects improvement in balanitis xerotica obliterans in the histologically early and intermediate stages of disease, and may inhibit further worsening in the late stage.     

Foreskin development before adolescence in 2149 schoolboys

BACKGROUND: We examined the external genitalia of 2149 elementary schoolboys in the suburban area of Taichung in Taiwan for an understanding of foreskin development before adolescence. METHODS: The study's subjects comprised 692 first-grade boys, 725 fourth-grade boys, and 732 seventh-grade boys. The foreskin's condition was classified as: type I (normal prepuce), type II (adhesion of prepuce), type III (partial phimosis), type IV (phimosis) and type V (circumcised foreskin). Other abnormalities of the genitalia also were recorded. All of the examinations were performed by the same urologist. RESULTS: The incidence of type I foreskin was 8.2% in first-grade boys, 21.0% in fourth-grade boys, and 58.1% in seventh-grade boys. The incidence of type IV foreskin was 17.1% in first-grade boys, 9.7% in fourth-grade boys, and 1.2% in seventh-grade boys. Only one boy had balanoposthitis. Other abnormalities included inguinal hernia (n = 2), hydrocele (n = 12), cryptorchitism (n = 8), varicocele (n = 22), and subcoronal-type hypospadia (n = 1). CONCLUSIONS: Physiological phimosis declines with age. Most boys with phimosis in this study did not require treatment.     

The foreskin: problems and pathology

The foreskin is an organ which holds surprising cultural importance. Male circumcision is the surgical removal of all or part of the foreskin of the penis and is undertaken for medical, religious, cultural or social reasons. There can be complications and surgeons must carefully consider the benefits and the potential risks before undertaking the operation.     

局麻下包皮环切并术后切口暴露治疗儿童病理性包茎43例

目的观察局麻下包皮环切并术后切口暴露治疗儿童病理性包茎的疗效。方法 2010年3月至2011年10月,43例病理性包茎的患儿接受局麻下包皮环切术治疗,术后切口予暴露,不予敷料包扎。结果所有患儿的手术均顺利完成,术后切口愈合良好,平均手术时间11.8min,住院时间2～3d。术后并发症包括切口少量渗血(9例)、阴茎皮肤水肿、轻度切口痛等。结论对于可配合医生手术的病理性包茎患儿,局麻并术后暴露行包皮环切术是安全、可行的。     

包皮环切术前后包皮中触觉小体与早泄的相关性

目的观察早泄病人包皮环切术前后包皮组织中触觉小体变化情况,探讨其与早泄的关系。方法收集20～30岁早泄患者65例,按解剖及术式分为包茎组20例（传统包皮环切法）、包皮过长Ⅰ组23例（传统包皮环切法）、包皮过长Ⅱ组22例（包皮根部环切法）。用免疫组化方法对三组术前术后包皮标本中的触觉小体进行染色,显微镜下观察和统计三组包皮标本中触觉小体总数以及视野的总数,得出密度。并就三组间的差异进行统计学分析。结果三组标本中,术前包茎组和包皮过长组Ⅰ、Ⅱ中触觉小体的密度分别为36．7％和19．7％及17．5％,术后3～12月包茎组和包皮过长组Ⅰ、Ⅱ中触觉小体的密度分别为20．6％和9．7％及9．8％,手术前后其差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论传统包皮环切术对早泄改变效果更好。     

Phimosis as a presenting feature of diabetes

OBJECTIVE

To determine the prevalence of diabetes in men presenting with phimosis, and to establish the incidence of undiagnosed diabetes in men presenting with acquired or life‐long phimosis.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We prospectively collected data on 100 men (mean age 38.5 years, range 17–82) who presented to our department with phimosis during 2006. Urinary glucose levels and random serum glucose levels were analysed, and if abnormal, the patient had further diagnostic tests for diabetes.

RESULTS

In all, 31 men presented with a life‐long history of phimosis and 69 with a history of acquired phimosis. There was no history of diabetes and no abnormal serum glucose levels in those with life‐long phimosis. Eighteen of 69 (26%) of those with acquired phimosis had a history of type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes was newly diagnosed in four of 50 (8%) men presenting with acquired phimosis and no history of a glycaemic disorder. A further two (4%) were diagnosed with impaired fasting glycaemia and impaired glucose tolerance. Urine analysis was positive for glucose in all new diagnoses of glycaemic disorders, except in one man.

CONCLUSION

Diabetes can be associated with acquired phimosis in almost a third of cases, and 12% of men presenting with acquired phimosis and no history of diabetes were diagnosed with a disorder of glycaemic control. Therefore it is important that serum glucose levels are analysed when assessing men with acquired phimosis.