尿阿尔茨海默病相关神经丝蛋白联合血浆同型半胱氨酸测定在阿尔茨海默病诊断中的研究

目的 探讨尿阿尔茨海默病（AD）相关神经丝蛋白（AD7c-NTP）含量测定联合血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）在AD诊断中的价值。方法 纳入轻度阿尔茨海默病（CDR=1分）及中重度阿尔茨海默病患（CDR ≥ 2分）者各40例，并选择健康体检志愿者40例为对照组，采用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）检测尿液中AD7c-NTP含量，采用循环酶法测定血浆Hcy的含量，通过绘制ROC曲线，分析二者联合检测对AD的诊断准确性。结果 3组受试者尿AD7c-NTP含量比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。根据ROC曲线，当尿AD7c-NTP为1.745 ng/mL时，对应的灵敏度和特异度之和最大。3组受试者血浆Hcy的含量比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。根据ROC曲线，当血浆HCY为15.05 μmol/L时，对应的灵敏度和特异度之和最大。当二者进行联合检测时，ROC曲线下面积为0.891，大于各项单独检测。结论 AD患者尿AD7c-NTP含量及血浆HCY含量均增高；尿液AD7c-NTP含量及血浆HCY含量可作为辅助AD诊断的生物标记物；二者联合检测可提高AD诊断的准确性。     

Analysis of labour accidents in tunnel construction and introduction of prevention measures

At present, almost all mountain tunnels in Japan are excavated and constructed utilizing the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM), which was advocated by Prof. Rabcewicz of Austria in 1964. In Japan, this method has been applied to tunnel construction since around 1978, after which there has been a subsequent decrease in the number of casualties during tunnel construction. However, there is still a relatively high incidence of labour accidents during tunnel construction when compared to incidence rates in the construction industry in general. During tunnel construction, rock fall events at the cutting face are a particularly characteristic of the type of accident that occurs. In this study, we analysed labour accidents that possess the characteristics of a rock fall event at a work site. We also introduced accident prevention measures against rock fall events.     

陈氏绕肝双悬吊法联合右半肝血流阻断行右后叶肝肿瘤切除术

目的 评价右半肝阻断技术结合陈氏绕肝双悬吊法在右后叶肝肿瘤切除术中的应用价值.方法 2011年1月至2015年1月,在37例解剖性肝脏右后叶切除术中应用持续右半肝及陈氏绕肝双悬吊法辅助肝切除.右后叶肝肿瘤行右后叶切除时,采取持续右半肝阻断技术并结合陈氏绕肝双悬吊法经下腔静脉右侧放置2根提肝带,离断肝实质的过程中通过牵拉提肝带辅助肝切除.结果 全组共37例肝右后叶肿瘤病人行肝右后叶肿瘤切除术.术中均成功分离出右半肝肝蒂和右后叶肝蒂,游离右肝后均成功放置绕肝提拉带,断肝时行右半肝持续肝门阻断,术中无胆管损伤、肝短静脉、肝右静脉撕裂和大出血等相关操作并发症.肝实质离断时间17～28 min,阻断时间约20～30min,术中出血量60～330 ml.术后第1天丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT) 183～352 U/L,生化指标均在1周内恢复正常,无围手术期死亡.结论 右半肝持续阻断结合陈氏绕肝双悬吊法有助于减少右后叶肝切除术中出血量以及改善手术野,缩短肝实质离断时间,减轻肝脏缺血再灌注损伤,其操作简单、使用安全、适用范围广泛.     

One-stage revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in cases with excessive tunnel osteolysis. Results of a new technique using impaction bone grafting

Background

This level IV study describes a new one-stage procedure for revision ACL reconstruction in cases with extreme tunnel widening.

The impact of a modified cutting flute implant design on osseointegration

Information concerning the effects of the implant cutting flute design on initial stability and its influence on osseointegration in vivo is limited. This study evaluated the early effects of implants with a specific cutting flute design placed in the sheep mandible. Forty-eight dental implants with two different macro-geometries (24 with a specific cutting flute design – Blossom group; 24 with a self-tapping design – DT group) were inserted into the mandibular bodies of six sheep; the maximum insertion torque was recorded. Samples were retrieved and processed for histomorphometric analysis after 3 and 6 weeks. The mean insertion torque was lower for Blossom implants (P < 0.001). No differences in histomorphometric results were observed between the groups. At 3 weeks, P = 0.58 for bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and P = 0.52 for bone area fraction occupied (BAFO); at 6 weeks, P = 0.55 for BIC and P = 0.45 for BAFO. While no histomorphometric differences were observed, ground sections showed different healing patterns between the implants, with better peri-implant bone organization around those with the specific cutting flute design (Blossom group). Implants with the modified cutting flute design had a significantly reduced insertion torque compared to the DT implants with a traditional cutting thread, and resulted in a different healing pattern.     

Carpal tunnel syndrome: current theory,treatment, and the use of B6

PURPOSE: To present the current state of the science of pathophysiology, assessment and treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome, including the use of pyridoxine (B6). DATA SOURCES: Selected research articles, texts, Websites, personal communications with experts, and the authors' own clinical experience. CONCLUSIONS: Much is yet to be learned about carpal tunnel syndrome. While the basic treatment of NSAIDs and nighttime splints seems universally accepted, much controversy remains. The use of vitamin B6 as a treatment is one such controversy requiring further investigation. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Current treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome should include NSAIDs, nighttime splinting, ergonomic workstation review, and vitamin B6 200 mg per day.     

切开挂线术治疗复杂肛瘘中的临床疗效观察

目的探讨切开挂线术治疗复杂肛瘘中的临床疗效。方法将60例复杂性肛瘘患者,随机分为两组,每组30例,分别标记为挂线组、结扎组。挂线组采用切开挂线术治疗,结扎组采用括约肌间瘘管结扎术治疗,比较两组术后疗效。结果挂线组愈合率为83．33％,结扎组愈合率为76．67％,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结扎组患者愈后肛门功能评分明显低于挂线组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论切开挂线术治疗复杂性肛瘘效果良好,能有效地保护了肛门括约肌的功能,提高患者的生活质量。