关节镜双后内入路与切开手术治疗急性单纯后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折早期疗效对比

目的:比较关节镜双后内入路与切开手术治疗急性单纯后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折的疗效差异。方法:回顾性分析2016年6月至2020年6月经手术治疗的52例急性单纯性后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折患者的临床资料,按手术方案不同分为两组,关节镜组27例患者行关节镜双后内入路手术治疗,其中男16例,女11例,年龄19~52(34.9±9.2)岁;切开复位组25例患者行膝关节后内侧切口手术治疗,其中男14例,女11例,年龄18~54(33.7±8.4)岁。观察并比较两组患者手术时间、切口长度、术中出血量、住院时间、住院费用、术后愈合情况、并发症以及术后12个月Lysholm、IKDC评分。结果:两组患者均顺利完成手术,无血管、神经损伤。52例均获得随访,时间6~24(15.0±1.7)个月。关节镜组手术时间、住院费用大于切开复位组(P<0.05);关节镜组术中出血量、切口长度、住院时间小于切开复位组(P<0.05);关节镜组和切开复位组术后12个月Lysholm评分分别为(95.9±1.7)分和(86.4±1.2)分,均较术前的(49.1±2.3)分和(48.9±1.1)分显著提高(P<0.05);关节镜组和切开复位组术后12个月IKDC总分分别为(96.9±1.5)分和(87.1±1.4)分,均较术前的(47.6±4.1)分和(48.1±3.9)分显著提高(P<0.05);关节镜组术后12个月膝关节Lysholm、IKDC评分均高于切开复位组(P<0.05)。结论:关节镜双后内入路治疗急性单纯后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折,早期效果满意,疗效优于传统开放手术,具有创伤小、恢复快、操作简便等优点。     

极易误诊为胫骨平台外侧撕脱性骨折1例

<正>患者,男,58岁,主因左膝部肿痛伴活动不利2 d于2016年7月10日入院。患者2 d前不慎摔倒致左膝部内翻及内旋,出现左膝部肿痛伴活动不利,当时无胸闷气急,无恶心呕吐,无头痛头晕。随即由家人送至当地医院诊治,拍摄X线片示左胫骨平台外侧撕脱性骨折,予以患肢过膝长腿石膏固定。为求进一步治疗,转入我院就诊,门诊以"左胫骨平台外侧撕脱性骨折"收住院。患者既往体健,无高血压、糖     

股骨远端C3型骨折行对侧髂骨取骨有利于膝关节早期康复训练

目的研究对侧髂骨取骨与同侧取骨相比是否会对股骨远端C3型骨折术后膝关节功能康复产生影响。 方法按照纳入、排除标准，前瞻性纳入自2013年4月至2015年7月手术治疗股骨远端C3型骨折的病例，按照手术侧与髂骨取骨侧是否相同，分为同侧取骨组、对侧取骨组。分析两组患者的手术耗时；术后患侧膝关节主动伸直达到10°、屈曲达到120°的时间间隔；术后3个月末髂骨取骨区的疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)；记录随访期内取骨区出现切口红肿、切口延迟愈合、血肿、感染、髂嵴撕脱骨折等情况。计量资料采用t检验或秩和检验，计数资料采用卡方检验，术后患侧膝关节主动伸直达到10°、屈曲达到120°的时间间隔采用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析，行Breslow检验。 结果共纳入同侧取骨组12例、对侧取骨组11例，同侧取骨组随访中位时间18(14，21)个月，对侧取骨组随访中位时间15(13，20)个月。对侧取骨组手术耗时(t＝2.169，P<0.05)、术后膝关节主动伸直达到10°、屈曲达到120°的预期时间(χ²＝7.999，P<0.05；χ²＝9.325，P<0.05)、取骨区疼痛减轻程度(t＝8.910，P<0.01)都优于同侧取骨组。术后同侧、对侧取骨组分别出现1例、2例取骨处切口红肿，予以对症治疗后好转、痊愈；所有患者随访期内均未发生取骨区血肿、感染、髂嵴撕脱骨折。 结论股骨远端C3型骨折行对侧髂骨取骨有利于膝关节早期康复训练。     

3D打印技术在复杂胫骨平台骨折手术中的应用研究

目的 探讨应用3D打印技术辅助手术治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折的临床效果。方法 选取2014年1月至2017年3月我院收治的复杂胫骨平台骨折病人29例，随机分为观察组（15例）及对照组（14例）进行队列分析比较。观察组胫骨平台经Mimics软件处理，3D打印成1∶1骨折模型，将骨折及健侧模型进行镜像对比，设定手术方案；对照组常规参照术前X线片及CT制定修复方案。术后观察并对两组的手术时间、出血量、术后关节塌陷纠正情况、术后12个月膝关节Rasmussen功能评分进行比较。结果 本研究29例病人的随防时间为（12.55±2.46）个月。观察组的手术时间、出血量明显小于对照组，术后关节塌陷纠正情况优于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（t=2.297，P=0.029；t=2.674，P=0.013；t=2.658，P=0.020）；术后12个月两组膝关节Rasmussen评分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；观察组膝关节功能恢复优良率（93.33%）高于对照组（78.57%）。结论 针对复杂胫骨平台骨折，应用3D打印技术制作骨折模型，通过模拟手术操作可以有效缩短手术时间，减少术中出血，纠正关节面塌陷程度。     

Routine postoperative radiographs after tibia plateau fixation have minimal impact on patient care

IntroductionCommon practice in orthopedic surgery is to obtain postoperative radiographs to evaluate for healing or complications. Images obtained in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) have not been shown to positively impact patient care. This study plans to evaluate the clinical utility and cost-effectiveness of PACU postoperative radiographs following tibial plateau open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF).MethodsData from 211 patients who underwent a tibial plateau ORIF over a 5-year period at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed to determine if a patient received a postoperative radiograph in the PACU. Radiograph and clinical notes were reviewed to determine if postoperative radiograph resulted in management changes. Radiograph charges were calculated using CPT codes.ResultsA total of 142 of 211 patients (67.3%) who underwent tibial plateau ORIF received a postoperative radiograph while in the PACU. The majority of the radiographs had normal findings (88.7%). Of the 142 patients with postoperative imaging, subsequent management changes occurred for only one patient (0.7%). In this case, an incidental foot fracture was found which resulted in further CT imaging to assess the fracture. Other abnormal radiograph readings (11.3%) were generally due to incidental, chronic findings that did not require management changes. The average postoperative radiograph cost was $433.55 per patient, totaling $91,480 for 142 patients over a 5-year period.ConclusionsRoutine postoperative radiographs following tibial plateau ORIF resulted in minimal management change patients in this series. The substantial cost of postoperative radiographs yielding little clinical utility suggests the use of routine PACU imaging following tibial plateau ORIF should be discontinued. Imaging would only be indicated in situations where intraoperative complications are suspected, thus reducing unnecessary imaging and patient cost.     

锁定加压接骨板结合自体髂骨移植治疗无菌性尺骨干骨不连的结果分析

目的 :探讨锁定加压接骨板结合自体髂骨移植治疗无菌性尺骨干骨不连的临床治疗结果。方法 :自2009年3月至2017年7月,对取得完整随访资料的22例无菌性尺骨干骨不连患者实施手术治疗,其中男12例,女10例;年龄16～58(39.7±9.9)岁;病程10～192(39.4±55.7)个月。萎缩型骨不连15例,肥大型骨不连5例,滑膜假关节型骨不连2例。骨不连断端清创后给予锁定加压接骨板固定,并给予自体髂骨植骨。对骨愈合率、手术并发症和临床结果进行评价。结果:所有患者获得随访,时间13～42(22.5±8.2)个月,1例未愈合。视觉模拟疼痛评分0～3(0.9±0.9)分,前臂旋前47～86(69.0±14.7)°,旋后35～85(63.0±9.4)°,腕关节伸直20～80(51.0±10.2)°,腕关节屈曲32～88(71.0±11.7)°,肘关节屈曲挛缩0～25(9.0±5.6)°,进一步屈曲105～150(134.0±13.9)°,手部抓握力为对侧的87%。根据Anderson功能评分标准,优8例,满意11例,不满意2例,失败1例。结论:锁定加压接骨板结合自体髂骨移植可以有效治疗无菌性尺骨干骨不连。     

Weight-bearing in ankle fractures: An audit of UK practice

IntroductionThe purpose of this national study was to audit the weight-bearing practice of orthopaedic services in the National Health Service (NHS) in the treatment of operatively and non-operatively treated ankle fractures.MethodsA multicentre prospective two-week audit of all adult ankle fractures was conducted between July 3rd 2017 and July 17th 2017. Fractures were classified using the AO/OTA classification. Fractures fixed with syndesmosis screws or unstable fractures (>1 malleolus fractured or talar shift present) treated conservatively were excluded. No outcome data were collected. In line with NICE (The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence) criteria, “early” weight-bearing was defined as unrestricted weight-bearing on the affected leg within 3 weeks of injury or surgery and “delayed” weight-bearing as unrestricted weight-bearing permitted after 3 weeks.Results251 collaborators from 81 NHS hospitals collected data: 531 patients were managed non-operatively and 276 operatively. The mean age was 52.6 years and 50.5 respectively. 81% of non-operatively managed patients were instructed for early weight-bearing as recommended by NICE. In contrast, only 21% of operatively managed patients were instructed for early weight-bearing.DiscussionThe majority of patients with uni-malleolar ankle fractures which are managed non-operatively are treated in accordance with NICE guidance. There is notable variability amongst and within NHS hospitals in the weight-bearing instructions given to patients with operatively managed ankle fractures.ConclusionThis study demonstrates community equipoise and suggests that the randomized study to determine the most effective strategy for postoperative weight-bearing in ankle fractures described in the NICE research recommendation is feasible.